2型糖尿病患者血清RBP4与颈动脉内膜中层厚度的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清RBP4与颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的关系.方法 将54例2型糖尿病患者根据颈动脉内膜中层厚度分成轻度组(IMT<1.0mm, 33例)和重度组(IMT≥1.0mm或存在硬化斑块, 21例),测定血清RBP4、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、空腹胰岛素、血脂, 并与健康体检者进行比较.分析颈动脉IMT与RBP4及其他危险因素的相关性.结果 2型糖尿病患者血清RBP4水平显著高于对照组,重度组RBP4水平明显增高.血清RBP4与IMT呈显著正相关.结论 在T2DM患者中,血清RBP4增高与动脉粥样硬化的形成有关,血清RBP4增加可望作为评估动脉粥样硬化的血清学标志.     

初诊2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗与颈动脉内膜中层厚度的相关研究

目的:研究胰岛素抵抗与颈动脉内膜中层厚度的关系。方法:选择72例初诊2型糖尿病患者(糖尿病组)和28例健康者(对照组),测定空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹胰岛素(FINS),并计算体重指数(BMI)、稳态模型评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),用彩色多普勒超声仪检测颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)。结果:糖尿病组IMT较对照组升高,糖尿病组中IMT增厚组FINS、HOMA-IR较IMT正常组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。IMT与年龄、BMI、FINS、ln(HO MA-IR)、LDL-C呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:初发T2DM患者中已存在颈动脉IMT增厚,IR和高胰岛素血症是导致T2DM早期动脉粥样硬化(AS)的重要因素。     

2型糖尿病患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度与胰岛素抵抗关系研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法根据糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）的水平把糖尿病患者分成DM1组和DM2组,与正常对照组颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）、空腹血糖（FBG）、HbA1C、空腹血清胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素抵抗（HOMA IR）指数进行对照。结果2型糖尿病患者的颈动脉IMT值与FBG、BM I（体重指数）、HbA1C和HOMA IR指数呈显著正相关。结论2型糖尿病患者的颈动脉IMT值与糖尿病患者的血糖控制程度和胰岛素敏感性密切相关。     

2型糖尿病颈动脉内膜-中层厚度与血尿酸相关性研究

目的 通过测定2型糖尿病患者血尿酸水平,颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT),分析二者的相关性,探讨高尿酸血症在2型糖尿病大血管并发症发病机制中的作用.方法 选择2型糖尿病患者219例,按颈动脉内膜-中层厚度将患者分为IMT正常组100例、IMT增厚组63例、斑块形成组56例,比较各组间血生化及血尿酸水平. 结果各组间空腹血糖、年龄、胆固醇、体重指数、 胰岛素抵抗指数差异无显著性;IMT增厚组、斑块形成组甘油三酯、病程差异无显著性,但与IMT正常组比较差异有显著性.随颈动脉IMT增加,血尿酸水平依次增高,IMT正常组与IMT增厚组和斑块组比较差异有显著性.IMT增厚组与斑块形成组比较差异有显著性.空腹血糖、体重指数与胰岛素抵抗指数呈正相关,甘油三酯、血尿酸、病程与颈动脉IMT呈正相关,以颈动脉IMT为应变量,将甘油三酯、血尿酸、病程等因素作为自变量,采用Logistic回归分析,结果三者与颈动脉IMT密切相关. 结论 2型糖尿病患者血尿酸与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度密切相关,血尿酸升高可能参与了大血管并发症的发病机制.     

老年2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝与IMT的关系

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪肝的发生与颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的关系。方法对98例老年2型糖尿病患者,根据有无合并非酒精性脂肪肝分为合并脂肪肝组和非脂肪肝组,记录患者身高、体重、腰围、臀围,测定空腹血糖(FBG)、血总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、APOA、APOB、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、IMT,计算体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果老年2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝组BMI、WHR、FINS、HOMA-IR、LDL-C、TG、IMT较非脂肪肝组升高(P0.05),而FBG、TC、HDL-C、APOA、APOB两组差别无显著性(P0.05)。结论老年2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝组更易出现血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗及动脉粥样硬化。     

2型糖尿病患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度与血清超敏C-反应蛋白及胰岛素抵抗危险因素的关系

目的观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)与血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及胰岛素抵抗相关危险因素的关系。方法92例2型糖尿病患者根据是否伴有大血管病变分为两组,A组48例伴大血管病变,B组44例无大血管病变,分别测定两组患者的平均颈动脉IMT、hs-CRP、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及血脂,并进行比较,分析平均颈动脉IMT与hs-CRP及胰岛素抵抗危险因素的相关性。结果两组患者平均颈动脉IMT、hs-CRP、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、HOMA-IR及BMI的均值间差别均有显著性意义(均P<0·05)。两组患者颈动脉IMT与hs-CRP、TC、LDL-C、HOMA-IR及BMI均相关,IMT与hs-CRP独立相关;另外,A组患者平均颈动脉IMT与HbA1c相关。结论T2DM患者的hs-CRP、血脂、血糖水平、HOMA-IR、BMI在动脉粥样硬化发生中有不同程度的作用。     

2型糖尿病患者视黄醇结合蛋白4与脂代谢的关系

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者血清视黄醇结合蛋白4 (retinol binding protein-4,RBP4)与脂代谢的相关性.方法:采用ELISA法检测60例2型糖尿病患者和29例健康对照组血清RBP4水平,并测定各组的身高、体重、腰围、臀围、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、空腹血糖等,计算腰臀围比(WHR)和体重指数分析RBP4与各指标间的相关性.结果:(1)与正常对照组比较,2型糖尿病组血清RBP4水平显著升高(P＜0.01);(2)单因素相关分析表明:空腹血清RBP4水平与TC、TG、LDL呈正相关,与HDL呈负相关.结论:RBP4可能参与了2型糖尿病的发病机制,而且与脂代谢密切相关.     

The Clinical Significance of Serum High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein in Diabetic Patients with Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarction

目的 探讨2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的变化情况及其临床意义.方法 采用免疫荧光干式定量法测定试验组26例糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者及对照组83例非糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者血清hs-CRP浓度.应用体外诊断试剂盒测定血脂、血糖指标,颈动脉彩色多普勒超声仪检查颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的大小及超声特点,同时测定患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)变化.结果 糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死组hs-CRP水平明显高于非糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);试验组颈动脉内膜中层厚度增厚及2级以上斑块发生的例数多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 血清hs-CRP对糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化患者脑梗死的发生发展和预后有重要的预测价值.     

高尿酸血症与2型糖尿病颈动脉内膜中层厚度的关系

自2003年至2004年,我们对107例2型糖尿病患者采用高敏感B超测定颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)作为亚临床动脉粥样硬化的指标,同时测定血尿酸、胰岛素敏感指数和胰岛素抵抗指数,旨在了解2型糖尿病高尿酸血症和胰岛素抵抗及动脉粥样硬化的关系,报告如下.     

2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化患者血清FGF-21的变化及意义

目的讨论血清成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)21在2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化中的作用及意义。方法 1正常对照组(Con组):20例,血糖及颈动脉超声正常的健康体检者。2糖尿病组(DM组):24例,按照2013年《中国2型糖尿病防治指南》诊断为2型糖尿病的患者。3糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化组(AS组):13例,2型糖尿病患者,合并颈动脉粥样硬化。记录各组患者年龄、体重、身高、腰围、臀围、血压。计算体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)。全自动生化检测仪直接检测血脂、空腹血糖、C反应蛋白(CRP)等,放射免疫法检测FGF21。结果 AS组内膜-中层厚度明显高于Con组和DM组,P0.01。AS组和DM组的BMI、WHR高于Con组,AS组的收缩压及舒张压明显高于Con组和DM组(P0.05)。AS组和DM组空腹血糖、CRP、FGF21均高于Con组,AS组甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白均高于Con组和DM组,高密度脂蛋白低于Con组和DM组(P0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化患者血清FGF21明显升高,可能是动脉粥样硬化发生过程中的一种代偿和保护机制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.