血清可溶性E钙蛋白与58例胃癌临床病理相关性研究

目的检测胃癌组织中E钙蛋白(E-cadherin)的表达和血清可溶性E钙蛋白(sE-cadherin)的水平,探讨E-cadherin、sE-cadherin与胃癌临床病理特征之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学检测58例胃癌组织和16例正常胃组织(来源于门诊胃镜检查后,经证实胃组织正常的患者,对照组)中E-cadherin的表达,并于术前采血清样本用酶联免疫吸附剂测定(ELISA)法检测sE-cadherin的水平,结合临床资料进行统计分析。结果 58例胃癌组织中25例E-cadherin阳性表达(43.10%),E-cadherin阳性表达率在胃癌高分化、中分化、低分化组中分别为60.00%、47.62%、27.27%,各组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);58例胃癌患者血清sE-cadherin水平明显高于对照组[(44.89±11.34)μg/L vs.(19.83±9.58)μg/L,P<0.05)],且与肿瘤的病理分级、浸润深度、淋巴结及远处脏器转移密切相关。结论胃癌组织中E-cadherin的表达和血清中sE-cadherin的水平与胃癌临床病理特征有显著的相关性。     

膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中Ezrin和E-cadherin的表达

目的 检测埃兹蛋白(Ezrin)和钙黏素E(E-cadherin)在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达情况,探讨其与膀胱尿路上皮癌侵袭转移的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法检测80例膀胱尿路上皮癌病理组织切片中Ezrin和E-cadherin的表达.结果 在54例无转移的膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中28例Ezrin异常表达(51.85%),在26例有转移的癌组织中20例(76.92%)Ezrin异常表达;在54例无转移的膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中22例(40.74%)E-cadherin异常表达,而在26例有转移的膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中18例(69.23%)E-cadherin异常表达.无转移的膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中二者异常表达均低于有转移者,差异有显著性(χ2=4.596、5.698,P<0.05).Ezrin异常表达与E-cadherin异常表达呈显著的正相关性(r=0.898,P<0.05).结论 Ezrin和E-cadherin与膀胱尿路上皮癌的浸润和转移密切相关,可以作为预测膀胱尿路上皮癌转移的重要肿瘤标志物.     

4型黏蛋白及表皮生长因子受体在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 研究4型黏蛋白(MUC4)及表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达,探讨其相互关系及临床病理意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学法检测MUC4及EGFR蛋白在78例膀胱尿路上皮癌和13例膀胱正常黏膜中的表达.结果 膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中MUC4蛋白阳性率为52.6％,显著高于膀胱正常黏膜组织(0 0％)(P＜0.05).EGFR蛋白在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中阳性率为60.3％,显著高于膀胱正常黏膜组织(0.0％)(P＜0.05).结论 MUC4及EGFR蛋白表达增高与膀胱尿路上皮癌的临床分期、病理分级,复发密切相关.MUC4与EGFR呈正相关.联合检测MUC4和EGFR有助于膀胱尿路上皮癌的早期诊断及判断患者预后.     

肿瘤相关抗原在不同病理分级膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达

目的 利用免疫组化法检测组织芯片中不同病理分级人膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中肿瘤相关抗原(tumor-associated antigen,TAA)的表达.方法 含不同病理分级的人膀胱尿路上皮癌组织芯片两张,免疫组化(Elivision)法检测膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中TAA的表达,并对不同病理分级膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中TAA表达程度、阳性表达率进行比较.结果 膀胱尿路上皮癌TAA的阳性染色主要位于细胞膜,116块人膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中TAA的总阳性表达率为56.9%(66/116).不同病理分级的膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中TAA的表达程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);TAA的阳性表达率分别是:G1 50.0%(7/14)、G2 53.6%(22/41),G3 60.7%(37/61),不同病理分级TAA阳性表达率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中TAA的表达程度及阳性表达率与肿瘤的病理分级无关,组织芯片技术检测膀胱癌TAA的表达高效、快捷.     

抑制蛋白1及钙黏附蛋白E与上尿路移行上皮癌预后的关系

目的 探讨肿瘤转移抑制蛋白1(MTSS1)和钙黏附蛋白E(E-cadherin)与上尿路移行上皮癌预后的关系.方法 选取2005年1月-2014年1月该院收治的上尿路移行上皮癌患者60例,取癌组织为观察组,相同患者膀胱正常组织为对照组,检测MTSS1和E-cadherin的表达,分析其与上尿路移行上皮癌患者病理特征及预后的关系.结果 观察组MTSS1的阳性表达率为58.3％(35/60),显著低于对照组的100％(60/60),并且与远处转移、淋巴转移显著相关;MTSS1阳性表达患者的中位生存时间显著高于阴性表达患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组E-cadherin的阳性表达率为28.3％(17/60),显著低于对照组的65.0％(39/60),并且与组织学分化低、远处转移、淋巴转移显著相关;E-cadherin阳性表达患者的中位生存时间显著高于阴性表达患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 上尿路移行上皮癌组织中MTSS1和E-cadherin呈低表达,提示癌细胞侵袭转移,阴性表达患者生存期短.     

EZH2基因在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达及与临床病理参数的关系

目的探讨EZH2基因在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达及与临床病理参数的关系。方法选取2011年1月～2017年8月我院手术切除并病理证实的膀胱尿路上皮癌患者共60例,采用En Vision二步法免疫组化检测EZH2基因的表达,并分析其与临床病理参数的关系。另取前列腺TURP手术时切取的正常膀胱组织10例作为对照。结果膀胱尿路上皮癌中EZH2基因阳性率75.00%(45/60),正常膀胱组织EZH2基因阳性率10.00%(1/10)。膀胱尿路上皮癌标本中EZH2基因阳性率显著高于正常膀胱组织(χ~2=13.32,P0.01)。膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中EZH2基因的表达程度与性别和年龄等特征无明显相关性(P0.05),与浸润深度和病理分级等密切相关(P0.05)。结论 EZH2基因在膀胱尿路上皮癌中高表达,其表达增加可能在膀胱尿路上皮癌的形成、发展中扮演极其重要的角色。膀胱尿路上皮癌中EZH2基因表达与其恶性程度、浸润深度密切相关,参与其浸润转移过程,促使肿瘤的发展,有望成为膀胱尿路上皮癌早期诊断以及预后评估的靶分子。     

TK1和Ki-67在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达及其相关性

目的探讨胸苷激酶1(TK1)和细胞核增殖相关抗原67(Ki-67)在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达及其相关性。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测TK1、Ki-67在47例膀胱尿路上皮癌组织和10例正常膀胱黏膜组织中的表达。结果膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中TK1、Ki-67阳性表达率高于正常膀胱黏膜组织(P<0.05);膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中TK1的阳性表达与肿瘤临床分期有关(P<0.05),与病理分级无关(P>0.05);Ki-67的阳性表达与肿瘤临床分期和病理分级均有关(P<0.05);TK1和Ki-67在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达呈正相关(P=0.001)。结论 TK1和Ki-67与膀胱尿路上皮癌的发生发展有密切关系。     

Caveolin-1在复发膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 研究Caveolin-1在膀胱尿路上皮癌初发与复发之间表达的差异,探讨Caveolin-1与膀胱尿路上皮癌复发的分子机理及具有的临床病理意义。 方法 应用免疫组化方法检测23例初发膀胱尿路上皮癌和37例复发膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中Caveolin-1的表达,分析其与膀胱尿路上皮癌临床病理特征、肿瘤复发之间的关系。     

膀胱尿路上皮癌中 CXCL1、CXCR2的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨膀胱尿路上皮癌中 CXCL1及其受体 CXCR2蛋白的表达与膀胱尿路上皮癌患者各临床病理因素之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学 EnVision 法检测90例膀胱尿路上皮癌和20例癌旁正常膀胱黏膜中 CXCL1、CXCR2的表达情况。结果在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中 CXCL1、CXCR2蛋白的表达阳性率分别为65.6％、31.1％,显著高于癌旁正常膀胱黏膜组织,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;与肿瘤分化程度,临床病理分期以及复发有关（P ＜0.01）。癌组织中 CXCL1的表达与 CXCR2呈正相关（r ＝0.487,P＜0.05）。生存曲线显示,CXCL1阴性组的3、5、10年的生存率分别明显高于 CXCL1阳性组的3、5、10年生存率（P＝0.006）。结论 CXCL1和 CXCR2在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的高表达与肿瘤的临床分期及复发有关。检测 CXCL1在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达对患者预后评估可提供帮助。     

EZH2基因在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达及与临床病例参数的关系

目的 探讨EZH2基因在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达及与临床病理参数的关系。 方法 选取2011年1月～2017年8月我院手术切除并病理证实的膀胱尿路上皮癌患者共60例,采用En Vision二步法免疫组化检测EZH2基因的表达,并分析其与临床病理参数的关系。另取前列腺TURP手术时切取的正常膀胱组织10例作为对照。 结果 膀胱尿路上皮癌中EZH2基因阳性率75.00%（45/60）,正常膀胱组织EZH2基因阳性率10.00%（1/10）。膀胱尿路上皮癌标本中EZH2基因阳性率显著高于正常膀胱组织（χ2=13.32,P＜0.01）。膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中EZH2基因的表达程度与性别和年龄等特征无明显相关性（P＞0.05）,与浸润深度和病理分级等密切相关（P＜0.05）。结论EZH2基因在膀胱尿路上皮癌中高表达,其表达增加可能在膀胱尿路上皮癌的形成、发展中扮演极其重要的角色。膀胱尿路上皮癌中EZH2基因表达与其恶性程度、浸润深度密切相关,参与其浸润转移过程,促使肿瘤的发展,有望成为膀胱尿路上皮癌早期诊断以及预后评估的靶分子。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.