强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形矫形手术26例治疗体会

[目的]探讨强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形矫形手术截骨方法及其相关问题。[方法]选择强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形26例,根据X片选用不同的截骨方法进行畸形矫形手术治疗,测量术前和术后颌眉角和Cobb′s角度。[结果]26例病例中术后无感染、死亡发生;术中硬脊膜破裂1例,术后下肢短暂性麻木2例,有1例发生椎弓根螺钉早期松动。Cobb′s角度由术前50±14.3°矫正至术后26±10.6°;平均颌眉角由术前54±15.8°矫正至术后15°±8.6°,双目视野、消化道和呼吸道症状也可得到明显改善。[结论]选择合适截骨方式,精确的截骨角度,术中止血及神经根、脊髓保护是强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形矫形手术的关键。     

后路截骨矫形治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折并后凸畸形

目的探讨后路经椎弓根楔形截骨矫形内固定术对陈旧性胸腰段骨折合并后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法对28例胸腰段陈旧骨折并不同程度后凸畸形患者,采用后路经椎弓根楔形截骨矫形、减压内固定术治疗,对比手术前后后凸角、颌眉角、矢状面平衡的变化以及患者疼痛缓解和神经功能恢复程度。结果术后患者后凸畸形明显矫正,矢状面平衡恢复,无内固定失败;术后随访,患者VAS评分和JOA评分均较术前显著改善（P〈0.05）。结论后路经椎弓跟楔形截骨矫形内固定术是治疗胸腰椎陈旧性骨折合并后凸畸形的较为理想的手术方法,手术创伤小,并发症少,具有满意的短期和长期疗效。     

腰椎椎弓根楔形截骨术治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形

目的 探讨腰椎椎弓根楔形截骨术治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形的临床疗效.方法 2005年1月至2010年3月,第二军医大学长海医院骨科共收治32例强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者,均行一期后路经腰椎椎弓根楔形截骨矫形内固定术.其中27例患者行单节段椎弓根楔形截骨术,5例患者行双节段椎弓根截骨术.术前及术后随访时拍摄脊柱全长X线片,测量影像学参数,并填写中文版脊柱侧凸研究学会22项(SRS-22)量表进行患者的健康生存质量评价.结果 手术时间平均为(260±42) min,术中出血平均(1 360±282) mL,平均随访(31±8)个月(24～76个月),均未出现神经系统并发症及假关节.患者颌眉角、全脊柱后凸角、胸腰段后凸角、腰椎前凸角由术前(65.9±11.6)°、(78.2±15.9)°、(38.9±10.3)°、(14.6±17.3)°分别矫正至术后(11.7±4.7)°、(38.9±10.3)°、(1.3±7.8)°、(26.2±5.6)°;身高和矢状面失平衡距离由术前的(135.4±15.2) cm、(37.2±11.3) cm分别矫正至术后的(166.2±9.6) cm、(12.7±7.7) cm,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).SRS-22评分由术前平均(1.8±0.4)改善至术后(4.0±0.6),疗效满意.结论 腰椎椎弓根楔形截骨术治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形安全可靠,可获得满意的临床效果.     

经椎弓根椎体截骨治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形18例

目的 探讨后路经椎弓根椎体截骨治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形的临床疗效和中短期随访结果.方法 对18例强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者,单节段截骨8例,双节段截骨10例,观察手术前后矫形效果、植骨愈合情况及并发症发生情况. 结果 18例患者,随访时间1～7年,平均2.1年.外观矫正满意,截骨部位获得骨性愈合,无脊髓损伤、内固定断裂、感染等并发症发生. 结论后路经椎弓根椎体截骨治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形,外观和功能均得到明显改善,临床效果满意.     

经椎弓根闭合楔形截骨术矫正胸腰椎后凸畸形的3年随访

目的:评估经椎弓根闭合楔形截骨术矫正胸腰椎后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法:2002年1月～2009年12月,45例胸腰椎后凸畸形患者进行经椎弓根闭合楔形截骨矫形术。其中强直性脊柱炎18例,陈旧性胸腰椎骨折15例,胸腰椎结核12例。所有患者均得到随访,内容包括术前、术后Cobb角以及侧位片上C7~S1水平距离,截骨处融合情况,腰痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能评分(ODI)的变化。结果:平均随访时间为36个月。平均手术时间为220分钟,术中平均出血量为1510ml。术前后凸Cobb角平均为50.8°,术后为11.5°,平均矫正角度36.5°,C7~S1水平距离术前平均110.5mm,术后平均为20.8mm。融合率100%。术前患者腰痛VAS评分平均为7.9分,术后2.8分。术前ODI评分平均为62.3分,术后为29.5分。患者主观满意率97%。2例出现术后神经根损伤症状,未经特殊处理均基本恢复正常。2例术后出现脑脊液漏,经缝合、压迫治愈。结论:经椎弓根截骨术矫正胸腰椎后凸畸形有效、安全,应该进行个体化治疗,根据患者的实际情况选择合适的截骨部位。     

经椎弓根腰椎截骨术矫治强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形临床分析

目的：探讨经椎弓根腰椎截骨术对于强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者的治疗效果。方法：选择2009年12月～2011年2月在我院治疗的38例强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者,所有患者均经L2或L3行椎弓根腰椎截骨术进行治疗,测量患者治疗前后颌眉角、全脊柱后凸角、胸腰段后凸角、腰椎前凸角等。结果：手术治疗时间平均为258±36分钟,术中平均出血量为1356±278mL,随访时间为23—78个月,平均随访时间为32±7个月,所有患者均没有出现假关节及神经系统并发症。治疗后患者的颌眉角、全脊柱后凸角、胸腰段后凸角、腰椎前凸角均较治疗前减小,治疗前后差异具有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论：经椎弓根腰椎截骨术对于强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者的治疗效果较好,可以在临床推广使用。     

两种截骨矫形术治疗强直性脊柱炎轻中度后凸畸形的疗效对比

目的探讨双阶段椎间关节截骨(S-P截骨)与后方楔形椎体截骨术(PSO)治疗强直性脊柱炎轻中度后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法选择2010年1月至2013年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形手术患者共32例,根据手术方式不同分为两组,其中20例施行"双阶段椎间关节截骨术"(A组),即S-P截骨,12例施行"单椎体后方楔形截骨术"(B组),即PSO,手术均采用椎弓根钉内固定系统。通过测量患者术前和术后身高、出血量、下颌眉弓角、截骨平面Cobb角对比评价手术疗效。结果两组患者下颌眉弓角均获得显著改善,A组与B组下颌眉弓角矫正及截骨Cobb角矫正率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在术后身高增加值、出血量上A组明显优于B组(P<0.01)。结论对于强直性脊柱炎合并轻度脊柱后凸畸形患者,双阶段S-P截骨及单阶段PSO截骨均可获得明显的矫正效果,双阶段S-P截骨固定阶段多、出血量少,PSO截骨适应证广泛,固定阶段相对较少,但出血量多,手术风险相对较大。     

脊柱后路截骨内固定治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形的临床效果观察

目的 探讨脊柱后路截骨内固定治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形的临床效果观察.方法 本实验选取了96例在2009年9月份到2011年5月份在我科室进行治疗的强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者为对象进行研究,把所有患者打乱分为48例实验组(脊柱后路截骨内固定理组)和48例对照组(经椎弓根截骨组),后进行统计及比较各组患者的矫正度、矫正丢失、手术时间和术中出血量情况.结果 实验组患者的矫正度、矫正丢失、手术时间和术中出血量情况明显优于对照组、P＜0.05.有显著性差异.结论 应用脊柱后路截骨内固定方法治疗强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者的临床效果好,建议在强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者中广泛使用.     

强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者矫形术后腹胀的观察与分析

目的 总结强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形患者矫形术后腹胀的发生率、腹胀程度,对以后护理工作提供参考.方法 2011年3月至2013年3月于我院行强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形截骨矫形治疗的患者共53例,责任护士观察患者术后腹胀情况,对腹胀出现时间、发生率及视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)进行统计分析.结果 强直性脊柱炎后凸畸形截骨矫形术后患者腹...     

强直性脊柱炎严重后突畸形的外科治疗

目的评价脊柱截骨术治疗强直性脊柱炎脊柱畸形的方法和疗效。方法采用多段V形椎板截骨或经椎弓根椎体截骨术,多段V形椎板截骨加经椎弓根椎体截骨术治疗脊柱后凸畸形23例。结果术前驼背平均54．2°,术后平均矫正31．6°,矫正率58．3％,随访9～30个月,平均17个月,无明显Cobb角丢失,术中无一例脊髓血管损伤,效果满意。结论正确的截骨方法及新型内固定器械的应用为矫正成功提供了保证。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.