上海市长宁区小学生甲型H1N1流行性感冒疫苗接种情况及影响因素分析

目的了解小学生甲型H1N1流行性感冒(甲流)疫苗接种的影响因素,为开展疫苗接种工作提供参考。方法在上海市长宁区采取分层、随机整群抽样的原则抽取1752名小学生家长进行甲流疫苗相关情况问卷调查。结果 1752名学生中,甲流疫苗接种率为42.18%,接种过季节性流行性感冒(季流)疫苗、未接种过季流疫苗、不清楚是否接种过季流疫苗的学生甲流疫苗接种率分别为48.89%、38.44%和45.11%(P<0.05)。甲流疫苗未种原因主要为家长不了解疫苗(43.04%)和认为孩子有禁忌证不能接种(32.97%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,小学生甲流疫苗接种与其年龄(OR=0.924)、健康状况(OR=2.350)、以前是否接种过季流疫苗(OR=1.446)、母亲文化程度(初中及以下OR=0.366,高中OR=0.694)和是否想了解更多的流感疫苗知识(OR=0.734)有关。结论在进行疫苗大规模人群接种前,应遵循"健康教育先行"的原则,充分利用主流媒体进行广泛而深入的宣传,增加大众对疫苗的认可程度,才能提高疫苗的接种率。     

广州市居民对新型冠状病毒疫苗的认知与接种意愿调查

目的 调查广州市居民对新冠疫苗的认知、接种意愿及影响因素，为新冠疫苗在居民中的推广提供理论依据和建议。方法 采用简单随机抽样方法对广州市居民进行电话调查，对数据进行χ2检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果 回收有效问卷1 000份，居民新冠疫苗知晓率为83.60%（836/1 000），79.16%（547/691）愿意接种新冠疫苗；年龄≥40岁（OR = 0.524，95% CI: 0.291～0.943，P = 0.031）、未曾自费接种（OR = 1.456，95% CI: 1.030～2.059，P = 0.033）是影响居民疫苗知晓率的因素；女性（OR = 0.657，95% CI: 0.422～0.978，P = 0.038）、未曾自费接种（OR = 1.850，95% CI: 1.249～2.740，P = 0.002）是影响居民接种意愿的因素，疫苗无副作用（OR = 0.504，95% CI: 0.298～0.853，P = 0.011）和不清楚疫苗有效期（OR = 10.074，95% CI: 4.105～24.724，P = 0.031）是居民不接种新冠疫苗的重要影响因素。结论 广州市居民对新冠疫苗知晓度高、接种意愿强，但疫苗上市后立即接种的积极性低、认知尚匮乏，建议加强新冠疫苗相关知识的宣传教育。     

德州市3～6岁儿童新冠疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析

目的 了解德州市儿童新冠疫苗的接种意愿并分析影响因素。方法 2021年12月在山东省免疫规划信息系统中随机抽取德州市3～6岁儿童5 957人为研究对象,查询、导出儿童基本信息及疫苗免疫史,了解新冠疫苗接种意愿并分析影响因素。结果 德州市3～6岁儿童新冠疫苗接种愿意率92.5%(5 512/5 957);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄越大(OR=1.80)、农村居住(OR=1.28)、水痘疫苗免疫史(OR=2.56)和百白破疫苗全程接种(OR=3.21),是德州市3～6岁儿童愿意接种新冠疫苗的促进因素。不愿接种的445人原因调查中,以“孩子太小,担心儿童接种新冠疫苗安全性”为主(52.8%),其次为“担心疫苗接种后保护作用不持久”(20.2%)。结论 德州市3～6岁儿童新冠病毒疫苗接种愿意率较高,要做好小年龄组儿童家长的宣传教育工作。     

258名疾控人员甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种情况及其影响因素分析

目的了解甲型H1N1流感（以下简称甲流）大流行期间疾控人员接种甲流疫苗的认知情况,分析疫苗接种的影响因素,为今后开展疫苗接种工作提供参考。方法2010年3月,采取自填的方式,选取广州地区某疾控机构的所有在编职工进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括基本情况、季节性流感疫苗接种情况、甲流疫苗接种情况、甲流疫苗的风险认知情况;用卡方检验和logistic回归对社会人口学特征、季节性流感疫苗接种史和甲流风险认知情况等因素对甲流疫苗的接种影响进行分析。结果共调查300人,有效问卷258份,有效应答率为86．00％,甲流疫苗接种率为35．66％（92／258）;不接种甲流疫苗的原因主要是“认为甲流是小病没必要”（37．95％,63／166）,其次是“认为疫苗不安全”（26．51％,44／166）。50．00％（129／258）的受访对象认为甲流疫苗能有效预防感染甲流;35．27％（91／258）认为疫苗不安全,主要“担心发生过敏反应”（47．25％,43／91）,其次是“担心疫苗质量问题”（45．05％,41／91）和“担心发生一般副反应”（35．16％,32／91）。甲流疫苗安全性的信息来源机构主要是“疾控系统”（76．74％,198／258）,形式主要是“网络”（61．63％,159／258）。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,“是否接种过季节性流感疫苗”（OR=9．17）、“认为甲流疫苗是否安全”（OR=7．57）、“是否从事甲流防控有关的工作”（OR=3．88）和“家庭成员中是否有大于60岁的老人”（OR=2．11）是疾控人员接种甲流疫苗的影响因素（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论该疾控机构人员的甲流疫苗接种率较低。对疫苗安全性和甲流疾病的认知及从事工作是疫苗接种的主要影响因素。加强对甲流疫苗安全性和甲流疾病认知的宣传教育有助于提高接种率。     

广州市育龄妇女对孕期接种季节性流感疫苗的意愿调查

目的了解广州市育龄妇女对孕期接种季节性流感疫苗(以下简称流感疫苗)的意愿和影响因素,为促进孕期接种流感疫苗工作提供参考。方法采用分层随机抽样方法随机抽取广州市医疗机构门诊孕妇和民政局未孕育龄妇女开展问卷调查,调查内容包括人口学资料、孕期接种流感疫苗意愿和主观原因、流感认知和流感疫苗接种史等,采用单、多因素分析方法进行接种意愿影响因素分析。结果 50.8%(122/240)的调查对象表示如果知晓国家已将孕妇纳为流感疫苗的接种对象,将愿意接种。愿意接种的主要原因是"产科医生推荐"(74.6%,91/122)和"预防接种医生推荐"(42.6%,52/122),不愿意接种的主要原因是"担心胎儿出生缺陷"(54.2%,64/118)和"接种疫苗有不良反应"(44.9%,53/118)。多因素分析结果显示,流感疫苗认知水平对接种意愿有影响(OR=1.678,95%CI:1.307~2.155)。结论广州市育龄妇女对孕期接种流感疫苗的意愿偏低,应加强育龄妇女和医务人员对疫苗接种策略和安全性的宣传教育,提高孕期流感疫苗接种率。     

深圳市部分劳务工甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种意愿调查

目的了解深圳市劳务工甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种意愿,为免疫策略的制定提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取深圳市的3个区县共6家工厂,每家工厂随机抽取100~150名劳务工,采用匿名自填式问卷调查方式进行调查,调查内容包括基本情况、对罹患甲型H1N1流感可能性的认知、甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素等。采用卡方检验及logistic回归方法分别对接种意愿的影响因素进行单因素、多因素分析。结果共调查668名劳务工。57.2%的调查对象愿意接种付费甲型H1N1流感疫苗;81.6%愿意接种免费甲型H1N1流感疫苗。不愿意接种的原因主要为担心不良反应和费用问题。男性(OR=1.77)、低年龄(20岁以下年龄组:OR=2.80,20~29岁年龄组:OR=2.01)、认为自己罹患甲型H1N1流感可能性大的人群(OR=2.65)的接种免费疫苗意愿更大。结论深圳市部分劳务工甲型H1N1流感疫苗免费接种意愿较高,采取免费疫苗或降低疫苗费用、加强疫苗安全性宣传可提高接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗意愿。     

上海市某区母亲对小学女生接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗意愿和影响因素北大核心

目的了解上海市某区母亲对小学女生接种人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)疫苗的意愿及其影响因素。方法选择上海市某区3所小学女生母亲,对女生接种HPV疫苗的态度和意愿开展问卷调查,分析意愿率及其影响因素。结果共纳入927名调查对象,其中60.73%愿意为女儿接种HPV疫苗。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,两所公办小学比民办小学女生母亲的意愿低(OR=0.31,95%CI:0.13-0.76;OR=0.41,95%CI:0.18-0.92);知晓HPV疫苗最佳接种人群的母亲的意愿高(OR=6.52,95%CI:3.00-14.26)。不愿意为女儿接种的主要原因为担心疫苗安全性(76.65%)和认为孩子太小(29.12%)。结论研究地区母亲对小学女生接种HPV疫苗的意愿不高;需加强HPV疫苗免疫程序和疫苗安全性知识宣传。     

广州市居民新冠疫苗接种犹豫性调查与影响因素分析

目的 调查广州市居民对接种新冠疫苗的犹豫率及其影响因素。方法 在全市范围通过电话号码随机抽样1000例广州市居民,由广州市12320卫生热线于2021年4月中旬对抽取的居民进行电话访问,调查居民对接种新冠疫苗的知识、信念和态度。运用SPSS 20.0软件包,分析广州居民的疫苗接种犹豫状况的分布,并通过多因素logistic回归分析影响疫苗犹豫的相关因素,OR及其95%CI大于1为疫苗犹豫的危险因素。结果 1000位调查对象的平均年龄为（33.90±9.27）岁,男性占44.1%,男女比例为1[DK]∶1.27,疫苗犹豫的调查对象占30.0%。城市居民犹豫率（31.6%）高于农村居民（23.6%）;小学及以下学历者犹豫率（52.2%）高于中学和大学学历者;自评身体健康状况良好和较差者犹豫率均低于自评健康状况中等者（40.4%）;对疫苗作用了解不多者犹豫率（40.2%）高于了解者（26.7%）,其P值皆<0.05。多因素logistic回归分析发现,城市居民（OR=1.469）、低学历（OR=2.800）、自评健康状况中等（OR=1.887）、对疫苗作用了解不多（OR=1.960）、认为疫苗不能有效避免新冠病毒（OR=2.733）、认为身体健康（OR=2.730）、认为国内风险不高（OR=4.749）、认为治疗手段完善（OR=2.652）、认为疫苗存在风险（OR=1.597）、担心疫苗副作用（OR=2.524）、担心疫苗是假冒伪劣或过期产品（OR=1.813）、担心疫苗接种人员操作不规范（OR=1.729）、难预约（OR=1.706）及易受到同事同学（OR=1.353）、家人（OR=1.451）、社交媒体（OR=1.383）疫苗犹豫的影响是导致新冠肺炎疫苗接种犹豫的危险因素(P值皆<0.05)。结论 居民存在对新冠肺炎疫苗接种犹豫的现象,需要通过广泛宣传和健康教育来提升公众对新冠肺炎疫苗的信心,增强公众对新冠肺炎疫苗的接种意识,提高新冠肺炎疫苗接种率。     

中国一般人群及医务工作者的新冠肺炎疫苗接种意愿及影响因素研究

目的了解中国一般人群和医务工作者在新冠肺炎疫苗上市前的接种意愿及其影响因素。方法2020年6月18—30日,在中国东、中、西部三个城市,随机选择当地居民和医务工作者,通过电话调查和网络问卷的方式研究新冠肺炎疫苗接种意愿,并采用多因素logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果共有1874名一般人群和627名医务工作者参加本研究。一般人群和医务工作者的新冠肺炎疫苗接种意愿分别为82.9%和95.9%,监护者和看护人对小孩和老人的疫苗接种意愿分别为83.0%和77.8%。疫苗的有效性和接种意愿呈正相关。多因素logistic回归结果显示,相较于兰州,居住在上海(OR=0.314,95%CI:0.209~0.464)或武汉(OR=0.547,95%CI:0.354~0.836)的一般人群新冠肺炎疫苗接种意愿更低,而有流感疫苗接种史(OR=2.784,95%CI:1.254~6.279)的医务工作者更愿意接种新冠肺炎疫苗;对于新冠肺炎的风险认知更高的一般人群及医务工作者新冠肺炎疫苗接种意愿更高(OR_(一般人群)=2.046,95%CI:1.685~2.495;OR_(医务工作者)=1.843,95%CI:1.081~3.082)。不愿意接种的主要原因为担心疫苗的安全性和有效性。结论中国公众和医务工作者对新冠肺炎疫苗接种的需求和认知度较高,建议开展大规模疫苗接种时注重介绍疫苗安全性和有效性以提高新冠肺炎疫苗的接种率,促进尽早形成人群免疫屏障.     

国产甲型H1N1流行性感冒疫苗接种一年后的现场流行病学效果分析

目的分析国产甲型H1N1流行性感冒(甲流)疫苗接种一年后的流行病学效果。方法用随机抽样方法,应用队列研究,观察封闭单位内接种甲流疫苗者(接种组)和未接种甲流疫苗者(对照组)在一起甲流爆发疫情中罹患率的差异,以疫苗保护率和保护效果指数分析甲流疫苗的流行病学效果。结果接种组305人,未接种组622人,均为男性,接种组与对照组年龄构成差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。接种一年后发生甲流爆发疫情,报告流感样病例118例,罹患率12.73%。接种组甲流罹患率8.20%,低于对照组的罹患率(14.95%),差异有统计学意义(2=8.41,P=0.004)。疫苗保护率为45.15%,保护效果指数1.83。结论国产甲流疫苗接种一年后仍有较好的保护效果。     

Healthcare workers as parents: attitudes toward vaccinating their children against pandemic influenza A/H1N1

Background  

Both the health care workers (HCWs) and children are target groups for pandemic influenza vaccination. The coverage of the target populations is an important determinant for impact of mass vaccination. The objective of this study is to determine the attitudes of HCWs as parents, toward vaccinating their children with pandemic influenza A/H1N1 vaccine.     

Acceptance of a vaccine against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus amongst healthcare workers in Beijing, China

Due to the advent of the new influenza A (H1N1) strain in 2009, many countries introduced mass immunization programs. Healthcare workers (HCWs) were amongst the key groups targeted for the vaccine in these programs. However, experience with the seasonal influenza vaccine has shown that there are multiple barriers related to the attitudes and perceptions of the population which influence uptake. The aim of this study was to determine pandemic influenza A (H1N1) vaccination rate amongst a group of Chinese HCWs and the associated factors around acceptance.A cross-sectional investigation of HCWs (doctors, nurses and technicians) from 19 hospitals in Beijing, China was conducted in January 2010. The main outcome measures were awareness, risk perception of H1N1, preventive measures and uptake of H1N1 vaccination during the pandemic. A total of 1657 HCWs completed the survey. A quarter of the participants reported receiving the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. Occupation (being a doctor), receiving seasonal flu vaccine and believing in the effectiveness of the vaccine were all strongly associated with accepting the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. Over a thousand participants (61%, 1008/1657) agreed that they were ‘concerned about the side effects of the swine flu vaccine’, while 758 (46%) were ‘concerned that the vaccine had not been tested adequately’.While studies reported high rates of willingness to receive the vaccine, in reality these did not transpire. Aside from promoting seasonal flu vaccination, authorities need to start educational campaigns much earlier in a pandemic. Programs that are simultaneously launched with the introduction of the vaccine will not be as successful, as those which have built momentum alongside the pandemic.     

Factors influencing the uptake of 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine in a multiethnic Asian population

The study aimed to determine factors influencing the uptake of 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine in a multiethnic Asian population. Population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted between October and December 2009. Approximately 70% of overall participants indicated willingness to be vaccinated against the 2009 H1N1 influenza. Participants who indicated positive intention to vaccinate against 2009 H1N1 influenza were more likely to have favorable attitudes toward the 2009 H1N1 vaccine. A halal (acceptable to Muslims) vaccine was the main factor that determined Malay participants’ decision to accept vaccination, whereas safety of the vaccine was the main factor that influenced vaccination decision for Chinese and Indian participants. The study highlights the challenges in promoting the 2009 H1N1 vaccine. Ethnic-sensitive efforts are needed to maximize acceptance of H1N1 vaccines in countries with diverse ethnic communities and religious practices.     

Correlates of 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine acceptability among parents and their adolescent children

School-aged children were a priority group for receipt of the pandemic (2009) H1N1 influenza vaccine. Both parental and adolescent attitudes likely influence vaccination behaviors. Data were collected from surveys distributed to middle- and high-school students and their parents in two counties in rural Georgia. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess correlates of parental acceptance of H1N1 influenza vaccination for their children and adolescents' acceptance of vaccination for themselves. Concordance analyses were conducted to assess agreement between parent-adolescent dyads regarding H1N1 influenza vaccine acceptance. Parental acceptance of H1N1 influenza vaccination for their children was associated with acceptance of the vaccine for themselves and feeling motivated by the H1N1 influenza pandemic to get a seasonal influenza vaccine for their child. Adolescents' acceptance was associated with receipt of a seasonal influenza vaccine in the past year, fear of getting H1N1 influenza, feeling comfortable getting the vaccine and parental acceptance of H1N1 influenza vaccine. Half (50%) of parent-adolescent pairs included both a parent and child who expressed H1N1 influenza vaccine acceptance, and 19% of pairs would not accept the vaccine. This research highlights the need for interventions that target factors associated with H1N1 influenza vaccine acceptance among both parents and adolescents.     

A(H1N1) pandemic influenza and its prevention by vaccination: Paediatricians' opinions before and after the beginning of the vaccination campaign

Background  

In June 2009, the World Health Organization declared an A(H1N1) influenza pandemic. In October 2009, the largest vaccination campaign in Canadian history began. The aim of this study was to document paediatricians' knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding A(H1N1) pandemic influenza and its prevention by vaccination just after the beginning of the A(H1N1) vaccination campaign and to compare the results with those obtained before campaign initiation.     

Predictors of self and parental vaccination decisions in England during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: Analysis of the Flu Watch pandemic cohort data

During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, UK uptake of the pandemic influenza vaccine was very low. Furthermore, attitudes governing UK vaccination uptake during a pandemic are poorly characterised. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published research explicitly considering predictors of both adult self-vaccination and decisions regarding whether or not to vaccinate one’s children among the UK population during the H1N1 pandemic. We therefore aimed to identify predictors of both self-vaccination decisions and parental vaccination decisions using data collected during the H1N1 pandemic as part of the Flu Watch cohort study.Data were analysed separately for 798 adults and 85 children: exploratory factor analysis facilitated reduction of 16 items on attitudes to pandemic vaccine into a smaller number of factors. Single variable analyses with vaccine uptake as the outcome were used to identify variables that were predictive of vaccination in children and adults. Potential predictors were: attitudinal factors created by data reduction, age group, sex, region, deprivation, ethnicity, chronic condition, vocation, healthcare-related occupation and previous influenza vaccination.Consistent with previous literature concerning adult self-vaccination decisions, we found that vaccine efficacy/safety and perceived risk of pandemic influenza were significant predictors of both self-vaccination decisions and parental vaccination decisions. This study provides the first systematic attempt to understand both the predictors of self and parental vaccination uptake among the UK general population during the H1N1 pandemic. Our findings indicate that concerns about vaccine safety, and vaccine effectiveness may be a barrier to increased uptake for both self and parental vaccination.     

Angst essen Impfbereitschaft auf?

During the influenza pandemic in 2009 individuals had the choice of either receiving a vaccination or running the risk of becoming infected with the pandemic influenza virus A (H1N1). For many individuals knowledge of a likely infection and possibly serious health consequences stood in contrast to a vague fear of the vaccination itself. What has a stronger influence on the decision to be vaccinated: the cognitive estimation of risk or the feeling of risk? Based on data collected during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic we tested the relative influence of the cognitive and affective aspects of risk on estimation of the individual willingness to be vaccinated. In doing so we also focused on fear. The results indicate that the feeling of risk had a significant effect on the willingness to be vaccinated. In contrast, the classic, cognitive estimation of a risk was no longer a significant predictor when the feeling of risk was also used to predict the willingness to be vaccinated. A highly felt risk to become infected with influenza A (H1N1) substantially increased the willingness to be vaccinated. A highly felt risk regarding the vaccination, on the other hand, decreased the willingness to be vaccinated. Fear of the vaccination significantly decreased the willingness to be vaccinated even when fear of the spreading disease was also very high. The implications of the results for crisis communications will also be discussed.     

Factors associated with willingness to be vaccinated against pandemic flu A/H1N1 in the adult population of the Health Department of Elche (Spain)

Background. To assess, in the general population, the information sources, attitudes and willingness to be vaccinated against pandemic influenza A/H1N1 in 2009. Methods. We carried out a cross sectional study between 25th November and 30th December 2009, through face to face interviews with a random sample (826) of adults resident in the Health Department of Elche (Spain). Results. Respondents reported that television (57%) and the family doctor (47.9%) were their main sources of information about vaccinations. Eighty-two point two percent had a good opinion of vaccinations, 30.5% perceived A/H1N1 to be more severe than seasonal flu, with a higher rate among older and less educated people. Twenty-five point four percent of respondents were concerned about contracting it, especially among the less educated. Forty-two point one percent expressed their willingness to be vaccinated against seasonal flu. Eighteen point four percent intended to be vaccinated against A/H1N1. The bias towards vaccination increases with age and in the case of A/H1N1 decreases among more educated people. The family doctor was the main source of information when people wanted to be immunized against seasonal flu (OR = 1.43) and A/H1N1 (OR = 2.47). Conclusions. Low acceptance of the pandemic vaccination and low perceived severity of influenza A/H1N1. Previous vaccination experience with seasonal flu creates a predisposition to immunization against A/H1N1. Although the media were the leading source of information during this period, the family doctor's influence on their decision to be vaccinated was significant.     

Determinants of 2009 A/H1N1 Influenza Vaccination Among Pregnant Women in Hong Kong

During the 2009–2010 A/H1N1 influenza pandemic, pregnant women infected with the virus experienced excess morbidity and mortality when compared with other groups. Once a vaccine was available, pregnant women were a priority group for vaccination. Only a few studies have reported on the uptake of 2009 A/H1N1 influenza vaccine among pregnant women during the pandemic and none were from Asia. The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with 2009 A/H1N1 influenza vaccine uptake among pregnant women in Hong Kong. Using a multi-center, cross-sectional design, we recruited 549 postpartum women from four post-natal wards in Hong Kong over a 4-month period during the second wave of the A/H1N1 influenza pandemic in the winter and spring of 2010. Only 6.2% (n = 34) of participants had received the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza vaccine and 4.9% (n = 27) had received the seasonal influenza vaccine. The most common reasons for not receiving the 2009 A/H1N1 vaccine were fear of causing harm to themselves or their fetus. A high knowledge level (OR = 19.06; 95% CI 5.55, 65.48), more positive attitudes (OR = 3.52; 95% CI 1.37, 9.07), and having a family member who had the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza vaccine (OR = 7.69; 95% CI 2.92, 20.19) were independently and positively associated with vaccination. Study results show an unacceptably low uptake of the pandemic A/H1N1 influenza vaccine among pregnant women in Hong Kong. Interventions to increase influenza vaccine knowledge and uptake among this group should be a priority for future pandemic planning and seasonal vaccination campaigns.     

The determinants of 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza vaccination: a systematic review

Background

Pandemic A/H1N1 influenza vaccine coverage varied widely across countries. To understand the factors influencing pandemic influenza vaccination and to guide the development of successful vaccination programs for future influenza pandemics, we identified and summarized studies examining the determinants of vaccination during the 2009 influenza pandemic.

Methods

We performed a systematic literature review using the PubMED electronic database from June 2009 to February 2011. We included studies examining an association between a possible predictive variable and actual receipt of the pandemic A/H1N1 influenza vaccine. We excluded studies examining intention or willingness to receive the vaccine.

Results

Twenty-seven studies were identified from twelve countries. Pandemic influenza vaccine coverage varied from 4.8% to 92%. Coverage varied by population sub-group, country, and assessment method used. Most studies used questionnaires to estimate vaccine coverage, however seven (26%) used a vaccination registry. Factors that positively influenced pandemic influenza vaccination were: male sex, younger age, higher education, being a doctor, being in a priority group for which vaccination was recommended, receiving a prior seasonal influenza vaccination, believing the vaccine to be safe and/or effective, and obtaining information from official medical sources.

Conclusions

Vaccine coverage during the pandemic varied widely across countries and population sub-groups. We identified some consistent determinants of this variation that can be targeted to increase vaccination during future influenza pandemics.