月骨水平骨折一例报告

患者男 ,因 1ｍ高处摔下致左腕部肿痛 ,活动受限半天 ,来院就诊。查体 :左腕部肿胀、压痛尤以桡骨下端及月骨处为甚 ,纵向叩击痛 (+ ) ,左腕关节屈伸活动受限 ,Ｘ线片示 :左月骨水平骨折 ,远端稍向背侧移位 ,左桡骨茎突骨折 ,对位线良。见图 1。手法复位后石膏托掌屈位外固定 1个月复查 ,骨折线模糊。讨　论　月骨骨折极为少见 ,月骨水平骨折则甚为罕见。腕关节为三条纵向绞链 ,中部链———头状骨、月骨、桡骨 ,月骨骨折后造成了桡腕及腕骨间关节失去了同时运动的必要条件 ,月骨由于解剖特点 ,可出现脱位而很少发生骨折 ,仅在月周掌侧脱位…     

腕月骨误诊误治3例

本院从1992年10月至1995年9月诊治腕月骨脱位误诊误治病人3例，为吸取教训，现介绍如下。例1．赵×，男35岁，农民。2天前骑自行车跌仆，左掌先触地，伤后腕部剧痛，于第3天来本院门诊。当时患腕肿胀，桡骨末端压痛明显，腕关节被动活动时剧痛，怀疑腕部骨折，X线片示桡骨茎突骨折，位线良好，余无殊。即作常规石膏托固定。25天后来院复诊，诉中指发麻，感觉不灵。拆除石膏托，腕关节仍肿胀，掌侧面饱满压痛，屈曲掌指关节见第三掌骨头明显塌陷，纵向叩痛阳性，重温原X线片，发现左腕月骨向掌侧面脱位，左桡骨茎突及背侧面有撕裂性骨折。在…     

桡腕关节闭合性全脱位1例报告

外伤性桡腕关节闭合性全脱位是少见的损伤,我院收治1例,报告如下:病例报告患者男性,22岁,左手掌被转动的压砖机轴从尺侧冲撞致伤.伤后2小时就诊.见左手、腕肿胀,左手桡偏、左腕向尺侧成角约90°畸形,左尺骨远端关节面空虚,左腕不能活动,左桡动脉搏动微弱,左手指感觉存在.X线片见左腕诸骨向桡、背侧全脱位并伴尺、桡骨茎突骨折.即在臂丛麻醉下,两助手于前臂及手掌处作拔伸对抗牵引.术者一手固定于尺、桡骨远端,另一手将桡侧脱位的腕骨向尺侧推压,同时令助手屈曲腕关节,复位成功.用背、掌侧石膏托作腕关节功能位固定.3周后去石膏,舒筋活络中药水外洗,练习腕关节活动.6个月后复查,左腕关节伸屈功能正常,偶有酸胀感.     

经桡骨茎突月骨周围背侧脱位一例

我们收治伴有尺骨茎突粉碎性骨折的经桡骨茎突月骨周围背侧脱位 1例 ,经手术切开复位内固定后 ,取得满意疗效。1　病例报告患者 ,男 ,35岁。因骑摩托车挫伤右腕关节 ,查体 :右手背侧及腕关节肿胀明显 ,右桡、尺骨茎突处压痛明显 ,腕关节活动明显受限。X线后前位片显示 :右腕关节近排腕骨的近侧和远侧弧线的连续性中断 ,正常的腕中关节间隙消失 ,桡、尺骨茎突均为粉碎性骨折 ,舟骨长轴明显变短 ,月骨形态介于四边形和三角形之间 ,腕高比下降 ;侧位片示 :月骨轻度背伸 ,月骨相对于桡骨远端关节面的位置正常 ,头状骨、月骨和桡骨不在同一中心…     

应用桡动脉茎突返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣或骨膜瓣移植治疗腕舟骨骨折不连接

目的观察以桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣或骨膜瓣移植对腕舟骨骨折不连接的治疗作用.方法20例腕舟骨骨折骨不连,应用桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣移植加桡骨茎突切除治疗12例,应用桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨膜瓣移植加桡骨茎突切除治疗8例.测量手术前后腕关节屈伸和尺桡偏活动度、握力,应用腕舟评分对患者的自觉功能恢复情况进行评定.结果20例腕舟骨骨折骨不连均愈合,愈合时间平均为7±0.2周(6～12周).腕舟骨评分结果为:优16例,良3例,可1例.结论以桡动脉返支为蒂的桡骨骨瓣或骨膜瓣移植加桡骨茎突切除是治疗腕舟骨骨折骨不连的有效方法.     

经舟骨月骨掌侧脱位1例

患者,男,２８岁,因手持钻机在井下采煤时右腕桡背侧被煤矸石砸伤,痛疼、活动受限、手指麻木２ｈ入院。查体：右腕部明显肿胀,活动受限,鼻烟壶及桡骨茎突处压痛。Ｘ线片示：腕部舟骨骨折,月骨向掌侧脱位,桡骨茎突骨折。入院后次日在臂丛麻醉下手术,取腕掌侧正中切口入路,见月骨向掌侧脱位,舟骨腰部骨折,舟骨近段和月骨相连并与之一起向掌侧脱位,桡月前韧带完整,将腕关节背伸,复位月骨,舟骨近段随之一同复位,证实骨折解剖复位后,细克氏针交叉固定,修复腕掌侧韧带。术后掌屈２５°石膏外固定。６周后复查舟骨骨折线欠清晰,…     

骨条植骨固定加桡骨茎突切除治疗腕舟骨骨不连

目的:报道应用骨条植骨固定加桡骨茎突切除术治疗腕舟骨骨不连的临床应用效果。方法:用桡骨近端骨条植骨固定腕舟骨骨折并切除桡骨茎突治疗腕舟骨骨不连23例。结果:23例全部获得随访,随访时间1～2年,骨性愈合率100％,愈合时间2～3个月,腕关节功能恢复正常。结论:该手术方法操作简便,损伤小,疗效好,是治疗腕舟骨骨不连的有效方法。     

腕关节骑跨骨折2例

在 2 0 0 1年 10月和 2 0 0 2年 3月分别收治桡骨远端骨折骨折片骑跨腕关节 2例 ,报告如下。1　临床资料　　男女各 1例 ,男 2 6岁 ,女 4 5岁。均因跌倒致左桡骨远端粉碎性骨折。特点 :①腕关节肿胀 ,有“枪刺样”畸形 ;②手法整复前Ｘ线片示 :桡骨远端粉碎性骨折 ,远端向桡侧背侧移位 (图 1) ;③整复后Ｘ线片复查 :桡骨远端背侧骨片骑跨于腕关节上 (图 2 ) ;④两例术中均见桡腕关节囊撕裂 ,桡骨背侧骨皮质块呈长条状向远端滑行靠近于月骨。手术方法 :取腕背侧切口 ,自桡骨茎突尖向外侧 1ｃｍ向下延长切口长约 2～ 3ｃｍ ,自拇长伸肌与指伸…     

腕舟骨和月骨同时脱位合并同侧肱桡关节脱位及肱骨干骨折一例

患者 男性,31岁.因"左上肢高处坠落伤1h"于2011年10月25日入院.体格检查:左上臂中段前侧可见长约3 cm的伤口,肱二头肌撕裂,桡骨小头突出畸形,肘关节活动不能.腕关节肿胀,桡骨茎突掌侧可及骨性肿块,腕掌正中区骨组织突出,鼻烟窝空虚,虎口区感觉迟钝,手指痛觉无明显迟钝,拇指背伸和腕关节活动不能.左上肢X线片提示:肱骨干骨折,肱桡关节脱位及月骨脱位和舟状骨脱位.     

带筋膜血管蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣移植治疗陈旧性舟骨骨折

目的探讨带筋膜桡动脉茎突返支蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣移植治疗陈旧性腕舟状骨骨折的临床疗效。方法切开复位，采取桡骨茎突切除加用带筋膜血管蒂骨膜骨瓣移植治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折15例，术后进行5～16个月随访。结果临床用骨瓣治疗舟骨骨折15例，骨瓣血供丰富，术后10～12周愈合，腕关节功能恢复正常。结论带筋膜血管蒂桡骨骨膜骨瓣是移植治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折及骨不连的一种可靠的方法。     

胫骨平台骨折手术治疗的治疗体会

胫骨平台骨折又称胫骨近端关节内骨折,是膝关节创伤中最常见的骨折之一.在临床中较常见,约占全身各种骨折的4%.胫骨平台骨折大多是由于高能量损伤导致的,骨折类型复杂,并伴有严重软组织、侧刮韧带、膝关节韧带、交叉韧带半月板等损伤,治疗难度大.我科2007年10月至2010年3月,共手术治疗胫骨平台骨折21例,取得较为满意的效果.     

颈椎过伸性脊髓损伤保守和手术治疗疗效分析

目的回顾性分析比较颈椎过伸性损伤患者行早期（小于24h）和晚期（大于24h）手术以及非手术治疗的疗效。方法自1995年1月～2005年6月间收治并获得随访的132例过伸性脊髓损伤患者中，31例行保守治疗，27例24h内行手术治疗，74例24h后行手术治疗，观察各组治疗前、后及随访时的AISA评分以及相关并发症。结果早期和晚期手术组术后随访临床疗效好于保守治疗组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），早期和晚期手术组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；保守治疗、早期和晚期手术组肺炎的并发症的发生率分别是2／31（6．5％）、1／27（3．6％）和9／74（12．2％）。结论颈椎过伸性损伤患者手术治疗疗效好于保守治疗，晚期和早期手术对神经功能改善无明显差异，但晚期手术并发症相对增多。     

Surgical treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis: current treatment modalities

Background

Selected patients with peritoneal surface malignancies (PSM) have been treated effectively by the combination of cytoreduction surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to summarize the treatment outcomes and general considerations regarding definitions and staging systems of current CRS and HIPEC modalities in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and in secondary peritoneal malignancies such as peritoneal metastasis from appendiceal, colorectal, gastric, and epithelial ovarian cancers.

Conclusion

Disease progression within the peritoneal cavity has in the past been regarded as a terminal event. Accumulating evidence underlines the therapeutic potential and the acceptable morbidity and mortality rates of CRS and HIPEC in selected patients.     

Pain treatment today--current standing of pain treatment in Germany

Beyond doubt the provision of pain therapy for patients with acute and chronic pain in Germany has improved over the last 30 years. This positive development comprises i. e. the growing impact of acute pain services on the treatment of patients with postoperative pain and the implementation of new developments in research into the clinical setting of obstetric pain therapy. Nevertheless, the provision of pain therapy for patients with chronic pain syndromes, for children, and in the fields of cancer pain and palliative medicine is neither qualitatively nor quantitatively sufficient.     

Results of treatment

Overall results of management in patients admitted to the 8 Italian centers participating in the International Cooperative Study on Timing of Aneurysm Surgery were rather unsatisfactory, with good recovery in only 42% of patients, and death in 45% of patients. As compared to the other centers included in the Study, Italian centers exhibited a significantly lower recovery rate and a significantly higher mortality rate. There were significant differences also between the individual Italian centers; independently of admission neurological status and timing of surgery, the outcome was better in centers 2 and 6 (a mortality rate under 20%) and worse in centers 1 and 8 (a mortality rate around 60%). Using prognostic factor models, higher than expected mortality rates were observed in 4 centers, and lower than expected good recovery rates in 3 centers. In Italian centers vasospasm accounted for the highest morbidity and mortality rate; the difference in mortality rate from vasospasm between Italian and other centers was very significant. Other important causes of death and disability were constituted by direct effect of the initial bleed and by recurrent hemorrhage. Patients operated on in Italian centers exhibited a good recovery in 57% of cases; the mortality was 27%. Differences from the other centers were less marked than for the overall management results. Mortality rates from vasospasm and from surgical complications were significantly higher in Italian than in the other study centers. Between the individual Italian centers, vasospasm accounted for the highest mortality rate in centers 7 and 8 (17% and 28% respectively). Postoperative pneumonia was significantly more frequent in Italian than in the other centers. In regard to timing of surgery, the differences in results between Italian and other centers were less marked when surgery was performed after 10 days from hemorrhage. In Italian centers as a whole, a delayed operation was linked with a better outcome than an early or subacute operation. The lowest recovery rate was observed in drowsy patients operated on between 4 and 10 days from the hemorrhage. Focal ischemic deficits and pneumonia were prevalent after an operation within 3 days of hemorrhage, while postoperative brain swelling was most frequent in patients operated on between 4 and 10 days from hemorrhage. The differences in results between Italian and other centers and among the individual Italian centers are widely discussed; possible explanations include inadequate modalities of treatment (especially inadequate management of vasospasm) and structural deficiencies of intensive care management in seriously ill patients.     

肩锁关节脱位手术并发症的防治

目的探讨肩锁关节脱他手术治疗出现的并发症，提出相应的防治方法。方法手术治疗肩锁天节脱位120例，有19例出现并发症，其中术中并发症5例，术后并发症14例．对其作出相应的处理结果19例获得随访，平均随访2年7个月。根据Karlsson的疗效标准：优10例．良9例。结论严格掌握手术适应证、熟练的手术技巧和良好的术后管理是防止肩锁关节脱位手术并发症的关键。