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1.
黄斑水肿是继发于多种视网膜疾病的一种常见现象,主要是由于多种因素导致毛细血管壁损害渗漏,液体和蛋白质在黄斑区视网膜内积聚,是引起视力减退的重要原因之一。临床上治疗黄斑水肿的方法主要有激光光凝、玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物以及玻璃体腔注射糖皮质激素等。而Ozurdex作为一种新的治疗黄斑水肿的药物,可长期持续在眼内释放地塞米松,尤其对于炎性因素作用为主导的患者有巨大优势,但由于其类固醇激素成分的存在,容易引起眼压升高和白内障等不良反应。目前Ozurdex主要适用于糖尿病性黄斑水肿、视网膜静脉阻塞、玻璃体切割术后黄斑水肿、非感染性葡萄膜炎及继发于其他眼底疾病的黄斑水肿。本文根据Ozurdex目前在国内外的应用研究,对其治疗进展进行综述。 相似文献
2.
视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)为一种严重危害视功能的常见眼底表现,原因在于视网膜静脉血栓形成,造成视网膜毛细血管压力升高,导致血-视网膜内外屏障破坏,血管通透性增加,血管内血液成分渗透到血管外。到目前为止,抗血管内皮生长因子、玻璃体内注射曲安奈德及视网膜激光光凝等已经成为治疗RVO-ME的主要方法,但近年来地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(Ozurdex)逐渐应用于RVO-ME的治疗,其生物可降解缓释特性、能有效提高最佳矫正视力、减少中央视网膜厚度、作用时间长、安全性较好及不良反应相对较少等优点越来越受到青睐。现就Ozurdex的作用机制和药理特性,以及其对RVO-ME的治疗进展进行综述。 相似文献
3.
葡萄膜炎继发的黄斑水肿(macular edema,ME)是一种葡萄膜炎常见的并发症,可导致非感染性葡萄膜炎(noninfectious uveitis,NIU)患者的视功能障碍。临床上,葡萄膜炎继发ME的治疗仍然非常棘手。目前有多种药物用于治疗葡萄膜炎继发ME,例如皮质类固醇、抗血管内皮生长因子和免疫调节剂等。但是,临床效果报告不一致。近些年来,地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(intravitreal dexamethasone implant,IDI)是一种广泛应用的皮质类固醇药物。最近的研究表明,IDI有效地改善了葡萄膜炎相关的ME,根据需要通过密切监测和再治疗,这种效应可持续至少6mo。本文就目前国内外关于IDI治疗NIU继发ME进行汇总,并概述相关结果,以期为未来NIU继发ME的诊治提供依据。 相似文献
4.
目的 通过比较地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂Ozurdex与雷珠单抗治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion,RVO-ME)的情况,评估Ozurdex的短期临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至12月就诊于佛山市第二人民医院眼科中心的RVO-ME患者(42例42眼)的临床资料。将其分为DEX组(11例)和抗VEGF组(31例)。观察两组患者治疗前后的最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、中央视网膜厚度(central retinal thickness,CRT)、药效持续时间(复发率)、不良反应等。结果 DEX组治疗后1个月、2个月、3个月和4个月的BCVA与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),治疗后6个月与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.054);DEX组治疗后1个月、2个月、3个月、4个月和6个月CRT与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。抗VEGF组治疗后1个月BCVA、CRT与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。治疗后1个月,DEX组与抗VEGF组间BCVA、CRT比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。DEX组内、抗VEGF组内及两者间视网膜分支静脉阻塞与视网膜中央静脉阻塞的BCVA、CRT比较除DXE组治疗后1个月CRT外,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。DEX组的药效持续时间为3~4个月,抗VEGF组的药效持续时间<2个月。DEX组的高眼压发生率较抗VEGF组高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。结论 Ozurdex在治疗RVO-ME上有明显的短期疗效,维持时间为3~4个月(少于6个月)。眼压仍是其需密切监控的主要不良反应。 相似文献
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目的:比较地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂联合抗VEGF药物与抗VEGF药物单药治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)的疗效和安全性。 方法:选取2019-06/2020-12在厦门大学附属厦门眼科中心确诊为视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)或视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)继发黄斑水肿的患者133例133眼,其中CRVO-ME患者48眼,BRVO-ME患者85眼。将纳入患者随机分组,其中单药治疗组66眼接受每月注射康柏西普1次,连续3mo,之后每月复诊; 联合治疗组67眼接受地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂注射1次,1wk后注射康柏西普1次,之后每月复诊。随访6mo,观察两组患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和中央视网膜厚度(CRT)改善情况,记录康柏西普注射次数及与玻璃体腔注射治疗相关的眼部及全身不良事件发生情况。 结果:治疗后1、2、3、6mo,两组患者BCVA和CRT均较治疗前显著改善,但两组间BCVA和CRT改善程度均无差异(P>0.05)。首次玻璃体腔注射至治疗6mo时,单药治疗组和联合治疗组康柏西普玻璃体腔注射次数分别为3.56±0.12、2.96±0.17次,联合治疗组注射次数显著低于单药治疗组(P=0.004)。随访期间,联合治疗组高眼压和白内障发生率均高于单药治疗组。 结论:地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂联合抗VEGF药物是治疗RVO-ME的有效方法,可显著改善视力,降低CRT,该治疗方案可在减少抗VEGF药物注射次数的同时达到与抗VEGF药物单药治疗相似的疗效,但需要监控眼压变化及白内障进展情况。 相似文献
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目的:观察地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(IDI)治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎(NIU)顽固性黄斑水肿的有效性及安全性。 方法:选取2018-04/2020-06在新疆军区总医院北京路医疗区眼科确诊的NIU患者25例30眼,均进行玻璃体腔注射IDI治疗,观察治疗前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)、玻璃体混浊程度评分及并发症等情况。 结果:首次玻璃体腔注射IDI治疗前,纳入患者BCVA(LogMAR)为0.76±0.37,CMT为480.03±96.72μm,玻璃体混浊程度评分为3.06±0.78分; 治疗后1、3、6mo,BCVA分别为0.61±0.24、0.53±0.10、0.40±0.13,均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),CMT分别为324.54±79.88、245.16±67.87、185.52±36.05μm,较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),玻璃体混浊程度评分分别为2.31±0.64、1.37±0.76、0.82±0.42分,均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05)。平均随访8.2±2.1mo,6眼眼压升高,经降眼压治疗后末次随访时处于正常范围; 3眼玻璃体腔重复注射IDI; 所有患者均无感染性眼内炎等并发症发生。 结论:玻璃体腔注射IDI治疗NIU继发的顽固性黄斑水肿具有良好的安全性及有效性,可有效降低CMT,减轻玻璃体炎症,改善视力。 相似文献
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目的 观察玻璃体内注射Ozurdex和雷珠单抗在治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发的黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)的有效性及安全性的对比。方法 随机对照研究。本研究共纳入自2019年5月至2020年5月就诊于河南省濮阳市眼科医院的视网膜静脉阻塞所致黄斑水肿的患者62例(62眼)。根据玻璃体内注射药物不同,随机分为Ozurdex组(31例31眼)和雷珠单抗组(31例31眼)两组。观察两组患者在术后1个月,2个月,3个月,6个月及12个月时的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)、眼压、注射次数及发生眼内炎、视网膜脱离、血栓及白内障等并发症的情况。结果 Ozurdex组和雷珠单抗组在注射后各时间点的BCVA较术前均有提高,且有统计学意义(F=10.91,P=0.02),但两组之间对比BCVA无统计学差异(F=0.36,P=0.62)。Ozurdex组和雷珠单抗组在注射后各时间点的CMT较术前均有下降,且有统计学意义(F=15.03,P=0.02),同样,两组之间对比CMT也无统计学差异(F=0.59,P=0.27)。两组患者在注射后各时间点眼压与注射前相比均无显著提高(F=0.28,P=0... 相似文献
8.
目的:以地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(IDI)玻璃体腔注射治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME),利用光相干断层扫描血管成像技术(OCTA)等检查评价其短期疗效及安全性。 方法:对确诊为RVO-ME患者17例17眼进行玻璃体腔注射IDI治疗,分别于治疗前,治疗后1d,1、2、3、4、6mo等时间点测定患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼内压(IOP)、黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT),观察浅、深层视网膜血管网变化。 结果:患者17眼经IDI治疗后24h患者CMT明显下降,且随着时间的推移,CMT整体亦呈下降趋势,在3mo随访时,CMT改善较为明显; 视力改善与CMT变化一致; OCTA显示视网膜血管网较基线期恢复。IDI注射治疗后共有2眼出现轻度眼压增高,用药后均可恢复至正常。随访期间未见与注射及药物治疗相关不适及副作用。 结论:玻璃体腔注射IDI治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的短期疗效确切,对患者视力提升明显,且安全性较高,未见明显不良反应发生。OCTA可以观察到黄斑水肿明显减轻,浅、深层视网膜血管网血管迂曲和扩张显著改善。 相似文献
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目的:观察地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(Ozurdex)治疗难治性非感染性葡萄膜炎的有效性和安全性及其对全身糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂使用剂量的影响。 方法:回顾性系列病例研究。纳入2018-01/2019-09确诊为难治性非感染性葡萄膜炎并采用地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂治疗的患者19例21眼,观察地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂治疗后1、2、4、6mo患者的最佳矫正视力(BCVA,LogMAR)、中央视网膜厚度(CRT)、炎性玻璃体混浊评分、全身使用糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂剂量,并与基线进行比较。 结果:研究眼基线平均BCVA 0.671±0.469,CRT 369.667±177.100μm,眼压14.26±3.44mmHg。地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂治疗1、2、4、6mo后BCVA较基线显著改善(P<0.05)、CRT较基线降低(P<0.05)、玻璃体混浊评分显著降低(P<0.05)。随访期间,部分患者眼压较基线升高,但末次随访所有患者眼压均在正常值范围。基线时,患者6例6眼口服醋酸泼尼松治疗,平均剂量为35.8mg/d; 随访6mo时,仅2例患者需口服醋酸泼尼松(平均剂量为5mg/d)。除3例白塞病患者在4~6mo期间黄斑水肿复发外,其余患者随访至6mo均未复发。 结论:地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂治疗非感染性难治性葡萄膜炎安全有效,可显著改善视力,减轻黄斑水肿,减轻玻璃体炎症,减少系统性糖皮质激素使用剂量。 相似文献
10.
目的 观察地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂在治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎继发黄斑水肿中的安全性和临床疗效。 方法 回顾性分析我院2019年12月至2021年12月临床确诊的非感染性葡萄膜炎继发黄斑水肿患者30例(30眼),给予玻璃体内注射地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂治疗。所有患眼均行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)及眼压测量,并采用OCT测量黄斑中心视网膜厚度(CMT)。术后随访6个月,所有患者均于术前,术后1个月、3个月及6个月重复检测并比较BCVA、CMT。随访期间观察患者眼压变化,监测白内障进展、结膜下出血等眼部不良反应。 结果 患者术前及术后1个月、3个月及6个月BCVA(logMAR)分别为0.74±0.37、0.47±0.29、0.28±0.14、0.37±0.17。患者术前,术后1个月、3个月及6个月CMT分别为(372.12± 99.42)μm、(298.14±82.44)μm、(278.45±62.43)μm、(289.31±56.34)μm。患者各时间点BCVA、CMT差异均有统计学意义(均为 P<0.05)。与术前相比,患者术后1个月、3个月及6个月BCVA和CMT差异均有统计学意义(均为 P<0.05)。术后各时间点两两比较结果显示,患者BCVA和CMT差异均无统计学意义(均为 P>0.05)。随访期间有6例患者出现眼压升高(≥25 mmHg,1 kPa=7.5 mmHg),经局部降眼压药物应用后降至正常水平。4例患者出现白内障进展,均无需手术治疗。 结论 玻璃体内注射地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂能够提高患者视力及降低CMT,有效治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎继发黄斑水肿。 相似文献
12.
AIM: To determine whether intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant induces posterior vitreous detachment or not.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 810 eyes of 405 patients who underwent intravitreal DEX implantation due to macular edema caused by diabetic and retinal venous occlusion in our clinic. The eyes having no injection were determined as the control group. The examination findings of the patients before the injection and 3mo after the injection and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were scanned. The pre-injection OCT findings and OCT findings of the patients having no posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and determined to have partial PVD were compared.
RESULTS: The separation in vitreoretinal adhesion and total PVD development of DEX-injected 56/208 (26.9%) eyes were statistically greater in comparison with the 12/129 (9.3%) eyes that had not been injected (P=0.001). PVD development was observed more in the patients that were younger, had larger macula thickness and lower visual acuity.
CONCLUSION: It can be stated that intravitreal DEX implant induces PVD development. Prospective, controlled studies are required in order to determine prognosis of vitreoretinal disease in PVD-developed patients and in non-PVD-developed patients. 相似文献
13.
AimTo evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes as well as the safety of combination therapy with dexamethasone intravitreal implant (0.7 mg) and bevacizumab in macular edema secondary to vascular occlusions. MethodsIn this interventional, prospective case series all patients received dexamethasone implant and bevacizumab in a single sitting. Patients diagnosed with retinal venous occlusion were monitored for changes in visual acuity and macular thickness. All patients underwent detailed ocular examination, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and optical coherence tomography examination at baseline and at Week 1, Month 1, and monthly thereafter for 6 months. ResultsTwenty four eyes of 24 treatment-naïve patients (central retinal venous occlusion, n = 9; branch retinal venous occlusion, n = 15) were identified. BCVA improved in 23 patients (95.83%) during the study period. Mean BCVA gained was 0.313 ± 0.26 (85.3% of final gain) and 0.367 ± 0.34 at Week 1 and Month 6, respectively. The percentage of patients who gained ≥2 lines were 52% at Week 1 and 68% at Month 6. The mean macular thickness reduced by 350.9 μm at Week 1 and the maximum treatment effect was seen at Month 2 (379.1 μm). Recurrence of macular edema was seen in 37.5% (9/24) of the eyes. Reinjection was needed, on average, at approximately 3.7 months from the first injection. ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the combination therapy of bevacizumab and dexamethasone implant given simultaneously is safe and synergistic resulting in significantly early and sustained visual recovery and decreased macular edema in patients having retinal vein occlusions. 相似文献
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Purpose: To describe the clinical outcome of phakic eyes with macular edema (ME) due to non-infectious uveitis treated with a dexamethasone intravitreal implant. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 41 eyes treated with a total of 58 dexamethasone intravitreal implants was conducted. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) and complications data were collected. Results: One month after the first implant, even as CRT improved significantly in most eyes (p<0.001), 31.7% showed no improvement in BCVA. At 6 months post-implantation, CRT and BCVA had deteriorated in up to 70% of patients. Thirteen eyes were re-implanted, with a similar effect to that of the first implant. Ocular hypertension developed in 36.2% of eyes, and three eyes had cataract surgery, all in eyes with repeated implants. Conclusions: The dexamethasone intravitreal implant can be safely used to treat ME due to non-infectious uveitis, but with a limited and short effect on BCVA. 相似文献
15.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy, timing of retreatment and safety of dexamethasone (DEX) implant on macular edema (ME) secondary to diabetic retinopathy (DME) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME) patients who were refractory to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment.METHODS: This retrospective study included 37 eyes received at least one DEX implant treatment for DME or RVO-ME between January 1, 2019, and January 1, 2023. These refractory DME and RVO-ME cases received at least 5 anti-VEGF injections and failure to gain more than 5 letters or a significant reduction in central retinal thickness (CRT). The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CRT were measured at baseline, and at 1, 3, 4 and 6mo post-DEX implant injection. Adverse events such as elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and cataract were recorded.RESULTS: For RVO cases (n=22), there was a significant increase in BCVA from 0.27±0.19 to 0.35±0.20 at 6mo post-DEX injection (P<0.05) and CRT decreased from 472.1±90.6 to 240.5±39.0 µm at 6mo (P<0.0001). DME cases (n=15) experienced an improvement in BCVA from 0.26±0.15 to 0.43±0.20 at 6mo post-DEX implant injection (P=0.0098), with CRT reducing from 445.7±55.7 to 271.7±34.1 µm at 6mo (P<0.0001). Elevated IOP occurred in 45.9% of patients but was well-controlled with topical medications. No cases of cataract or other adverse events were reported.CONCLUSION: DEX implants effectively improve BCVA and reduce CRT in refractory DME and RVO-ME. Further research with larger cohorts and longer follow-up periods is needed to confirm these findings and assess long-term outcomes. 相似文献
16.
目的:评估地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(DEX-I)治疗视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)继发不同类型黄斑水肿的疗效。方法:回顾性研究。收集2019-07/2020-06在大连市第三人民医院诊断为RVO-ME并接受DEX-I(0.7mg)为初始治疗的患者46例46眼,根据光学相干断层扫描成像(OCT)形态特征分为弥漫性视网膜增厚型(DRT型,13例13眼)、黄斑囊样水肿型(CME型,22例22眼)、浆液性视网膜脱离型(SRD型,11例11眼)。分别于治疗前、治疗后1、2、3mo观察并比较3种黄斑水肿分型患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和中心凹视网膜厚度(CRT)情况。结果:与治疗前比较,DRT型、CME型、SRD型患者BCVA治疗后1、2、3mo均显著改善,CRT均显著降低(均P<0.017)。治疗后3mo, DRT型和SRD型患者BCVA(0.21±0.12、0.22±0.10LogMAR)均显著优于CME型(0.45±0.14LogMAR,均P<0.017),CRT(254.08±49.07、248.92±44.19μm)均显著低于CME型(314.70±92.66μm,均P<0.0... 相似文献
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