经皮椎体成形术后患者骨水泥渗漏的影响因素

目的 探讨经皮椎体成形术(PVP)术后患者发生骨水泥渗漏的影响因素.方法 回顾性分析189例行PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者的临床资料,根据术后是否出现骨水泥渗漏分为渗漏组(n=89)和非渗漏组(n=100),分析骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者PVP术后发生骨水泥渗漏的相关因素.结果 89例骨水泥渗漏患者中A型渗...     

骨水泥分布形态对经皮椎体成形术疗效的影响

目的 探讨骨水泥分布形态对经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)疗效的影响。方法 将156例采用PVP治疗的OVCF患者依据骨水泥分布形态不同分为A组(骨水泥分布呈H型,91例)、B组(骨水泥分布呈T型,49例)和C组(骨水泥分布呈O型,16例)。比较3组手术时间、术中出血量、骨水泥注入量、骨水泥渗漏率、邻近椎体骨折发生率、疼痛VAS评分、伤椎后凸Cobb角。结果 患者均获得随访,时间17～36(25.1±7.6)个月。手术时间、术中出血量及骨水泥渗漏率3组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。骨水泥注入量A组>B组>C组(P<0.01)。邻近椎体骨折发生率A组0.05)。3组伤椎后凸Cobb角术后1年、2 d与术前比较均明显减小(P<0.05),术后1年与术后2 d比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 3种骨水泥...     

高黏度骨水泥与普通骨水泥经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折效果观察

目的 探讨高黏度骨水泥与普通骨水泥经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)的效果.方法 前瞻性纳入2019-01—2021-01于南阳市第一人民医院骨科行PVP治疗的OVCF患者.依据骨水泥粘度分为普通骨水泥组和高黏度骨水泥组.比较2组患者的基线资料.手术前后采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)法评估患者的...     

高黏度骨水泥经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的效果

目的探讨高黏度骨水泥经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的效果。方法随机将80例接受椎体成形手术的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者分为2组,各40例。观察组应用高黏度骨水泥,对照组应用普通骨水泥。比较2组术后第1天、1个月及6个月的椎体前缘高度、Cobb角和疼痛评分(VAS)、脊柱评分(ODI);统计2组骨水泥渗透率。结果 (1)治疗前2组的椎体前缘高度、Cobb角和VAS评分、ODI脊柱评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术后第1天、1个月及6个月的椎体前缘高度、Cobb角、ODI脊柱评分均优于术前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)术后第1天观察组的VAS评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但术后1个月及6个月2组的VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)观察组骨水泥渗透率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。随访期间2组邻近椎体压缩性骨折等并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论高黏度骨水泥和普通水泥应用于椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,均有可靠效果,但前者能快速缓解患者的疼痛程度,且骨水泥渗漏率较低。     

经皮弯角椎体成形术后骨水泥分布特征的三维定量研究

目的 定量观测经皮弯角椎体成形术(percutaneous curved vertebroplasty,PCVP)后骨水泥分布特征.方法 测量并比较PCVP术后正位平片上骨水泥在椎体两侧的分布面积;建立术后椎体及骨水泥的三维模型,以椎体正中矢状面及轴面分割骨水泥模型,分别计算穿刺侧及对侧,上方及下方的骨水泥体积及占比,...     

经皮椎体成形术中椎体内骨水泥分布范围对疗效的影响

[目的]探讨经皮椎体成形术中骨水泥在椎体内分布范围对临床疗效的影响。[方法]对2013年6月~2014年6月确诊为骨质疏松性压缩性骨折并行经皮椎体成形术治疗的60例患者进行回顾性研究,参照术后X线片或CT重建判断骨水泥在椎体内的分布情况,将患者分为3组,A组:骨水泥没有弥散于骨折线区域;B组:骨水泥仅弥散于骨折线区域;C组:骨水泥弥散于整个椎体。记录术前、术后第3 d、术后3、6个月时的疼痛视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)及Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分,对3组患者不同时间点的疼痛程度及个人生活情况进行比较分析。[结果]所有患者均顺利完成手术,无严重并发症发生。术中骨水泥注射量为3.5~6.0 ml,平均(4.7±0.8)ml。3组患者术后疼痛及生活质量明显改善,术后第3 d,第3、6个月VAS评分及ODI与术前相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组和B、C组患者术后3 d VAS评分及ODI分别对比差异均有统计学差异(P0.05),B、C组患者术后第3 d VAS评分及ODI对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),3组患者术后3、6个月VAS评分及ODI分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。B、C两组患者术后即时疗效较A组明显,随访3个月后3组患者疗效差异不明显。[结论]骨质疏松性压缩性骨折患者行经皮椎体成形术后,在疼痛及生活质量上均有明显改善,椎体内骨水泥是否弥散于骨折线区域可能是影响椎体成形术疗效的因素之一。     

经皮椎体成形术中低温骨水泥灌注技术改进前后疗效比较

目的 通过比较经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)中低温骨水泥灌注技术改进前后的疗效,探讨改进后技术的安全性和有效性.方法 回顾分析2016年1月-2018年1月收治的符合选择标准的170例(184个椎体)骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者临床资料,均采用低温骨水泥灌注技术行PVP...     

高黏度骨水泥经皮椎体成形术对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者术后VAS及ODI评分的影响

目的探讨高黏度骨水泥经皮椎体成形术对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)患者术后VAS及ODI评分的影响。方法选取2017-02—2019-03间遂平县仁安医院行经皮椎体成形术的64例OVCF患者,随机将其分为2组,每组32例。对照组术中应用低黏度骨水泥,观察组术中注入高黏度骨水泥。比较分析不同黏度骨水泥的临床效果。结果(1)观察组术后第1天的骨水泥渗漏率及术后3个月的VAS、ODI评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用高黏度骨水泥行经皮椎体成形术治疗OVCF,骨水泥渗漏率低,有利于缓解患者术后疼痛和改善脊柱功能。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术中不同黏度骨水泥对老年骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折临床疗效观察

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)中不同黏度骨水泥对老年骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)的临床疗效。方法我院2018年5月～2020年10月收治的OVCF病人60例,根据治疗方式不同分为对照组(28例)与实验组(32例)。对照组病人在PKP术中注入低黏度骨水泥,实验组病人在PKP术中注入高黏度骨水泥。统计围术期相关指标,并比较两组骨水泥渗漏情况。比较两组病人术前与术后椎体前缘高度及后凸Cobb角变化,计算椎体高度恢复率及后凸矫正率。随访3个月,比较视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、健康调查简表(SF-36)评分。结果 60例病人均手术成功,手术时间平均(28.25±5.24)分钟,骨水泥用量平均(2.58±0.35)ml,实验组骨水泥总渗漏率较对照组低(P0.05),所有病人术中均无神经损伤;术后7天及术后3个月椎体前缘压缩高度及后凸Cobb角明显低于术前(P0.05),术后7天实验组显著低于对照组(P0.05),术后3个月两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后实验组椎体高度恢复率及后凸矫正率较对照组高(P0.05);术后7天两组VAS、ODI评分均低于术前(P0.05),组间VAS及ODI评分相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后3个月两组SF-36评分均高于术前(P0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论老年OVCF病人PKP术中使用高黏度与低黏度骨水泥均疗效显著,二者对疼痛及腰椎功能改善作用相当,高黏度骨水泥可更好地恢复及矫正椎体结构,且水泥渗漏率低。     

骨水泥单侧与双侧分布对椎体后凸成形术疗效影响

目的探讨骨水泥单侧与双侧分布对椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折临床疗效的影响。方法对42例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者经单侧穿刺行经皮椎体后凸成形术,依据骨水泥是否过中线分布分为两组,单侧组12例(12个椎体),双侧组30例(30个椎体),观察两组手术前后VAS评分、椎体平均高度、局部Cobb角以及术椎、非术椎椎体再骨折发生情况。结果单侧组与双侧组术后及随访时VAS评分均较术前明显降低(P0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后两组椎体平均高度及局部Cobb角较术前均有显著恢复(P0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组邻近椎体再骨折的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而术椎椎体再骨折比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论无论骨水泥是否过中线分布,均可取得有效的临床效果,且并未增加邻近椎体骨折的发生率;但单侧骨水泥分布有可能造成强化椎体再骨折;骨水泥过中线分布时临床疗效良好。     

Recollapse of previous vertebral compression fracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty

Summary  This study was undertaken to investigate the incidence rate, characteristics, and predisposing factors associated with recollapse of the same vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). Recollapse of the same vertebra after PVP is the one of the complications of the procedure, and the incidence rate in our study was 3.21%. The most important predisposing factor was pre-operative osteonecrosis. Recollapse was not related to trauma. Introduction  PVP using polymethylmethacrylate has become a popular treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Recollapse of the same vertebrae after PVP has rarely been reported. This study was undertaken to investigate the incidence, characteristics, and predisposing factors associated with recollapse of the same vertebrae after PVP. Methods  Eleven patients (seven females and four males; mean age, 69.91 ± 5.49 years), out of a total of 343 patients, developed recollapse of the same vertebra after PVP. The 11 patients who developed recollapse comprised the “recollapse group”, while the remaining 332 patients comprised the “well-maintained group”. Results  Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the incidence of osteonecrosis was significantly higher in the recollapse group than the well-maintained group (p < 0.05). The degree of re-expansion of the compressed vertebral body after PVP was significantly higher in the recollapse group than in the well-maintained group (p < 0.05). Conclusions  The most important predisposing factor for recollapse was pre-operative osteonecrosis. Recollapse was not related to trauma. Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with osteonecrosis or pseudoarthrosis has been regarded as a relative indication for PVP; however, the findings of this study suggest that this disease category may be a relative contraindication for PVP.     

单侧穿刺椎体成形术中骨水泥不同弥散范围对疗效的影响

目的探讨单侧穿刺椎体成形术中骨水泥不同弥散范围对疗效的影响。方法按照X线正位片上骨水泥弥散是否过椎体中线呈对称分布,将74例单椎体压缩不超过50%的楔形骨折接受单侧穿刺椎体成形术的患者分为未过椎体中线组(26例)和过椎体中线组(48例)。比较两组患者的年龄、骨折压缩程度、手术时间、住院时间、骨水泥量、骨水泥渗漏率、术前及术后疼痛VAS评分以及术后再骨折率。结果患者均获得随访,时间6~27(13.7±3.7)个月。两组疼痛VAS评分术后3 d及3个月均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者的年龄、骨折压缩程度、手术时间、住院时间、骨水泥量、骨水泥渗漏率及术后再骨折率比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于压缩不超过50%的楔形椎体骨折,单侧穿刺椎体成形术中的骨水泥不同弥散范围不影响疗效。     

年龄≥80岁骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者经皮椎体成形术骨水泥渗漏的危险因素分析

目的:探讨年龄≥80岁骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者经皮椎体成形术骨水泥渗漏的危险因素。方法 :对2015年11月～2019年6月收治的236例(344节椎体)年龄≥80岁骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折行经皮椎体成形术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。记录患者年龄、性别、病程(急性、亚急性、慢性)、有无外伤、伤椎位置(中胸段、下胸段、腰椎)、有无椎体皮质连续性中断、有无裂隙征、骨折形态(楔形、双凹、压缩)、骨折程度(轻度、中度、重度)、椎体后壁皮质是否突入椎管、是否发现椎基底静脉孔、穿刺方式(单侧、双侧)、骨水泥形态(弥散样、团块样)、骨水泥量、骨水泥渗漏类型。骨水泥渗漏类型分为:经椎基底静脉型(B型),经骨皮质型(C型)、经椎体节段静脉型(S型)。应用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析研究各因素与各骨水泥渗漏类型的关系。结果:B型渗漏率28.5%(98/344);C型渗漏率24.4%(84/344);S型渗漏率34.3%(118/344)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,与B型渗漏相关的因素(P<0.05)为骨水泥形态、是否发现椎基底静脉孔;与C型渗漏相关的因素(P<0.05...     

PKP与高粘度骨水泥PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效比较

目的比较经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)与高粘度骨水泥经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床效果。方法纳入自2012-02—2016-04诊治的100例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,行PKP治疗者50例(PKP组),行高粘度骨水泥PVP治疗者50例(PVP组)。比较2组术后VAS评分、ODI指数、伤椎前缘高度压缩比值、伤椎前缘高度恢复比值,以及骨水泥渗漏率。结果 2组术后VAS评分、ODI指数、伤椎前缘高度压缩比值较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。但2组术后各时间点VAS评分、ODI指数差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。PKP组术后3 d、12个月伤椎前缘高度压缩比值低于PVP组,伤椎前缘高度恢复比值高于PVP组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。PVP组骨水泥渗漏发生率低于PKP组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PKP、高粘度骨水泥PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折可明显减轻患者疼痛,改善患者功能障碍程度,PKP术后椎体高度恢复效果更优,而高粘度PVP骨水泥渗漏率较低。     

经皮椎体成形术中骨水泥对老年骨质疏松症患者凝血功能的影响

目的 观察经皮椎体成形术(PVP)中骨水泥对老年骨质疏松症患者凝血功能的影响.方法 于椎弓根穿刺前10 min、注入骨水泥后1、20 min、2 h分别抽血检测11例患者的凝血功能相关指标,包括血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化的部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)和鱼精蛋白副凝固实验(3P实验),并汇总数据进行统计学分析.结果 PVP中骨水泥注入后20 min,PT缩短、FIB增高、3P实验阳性率升高(P<0.05),骨水泥注入2 h后基本恢复至注入前水平.除1例患者PTA术后2 h稍高于正常值(126%),其余患者各个时间点的各项指标均在正常参考值范围内.结论 PVP术中注入骨水泥对于凝血功能正常的患者基本安全,但在注入后会产生一过性轻微的高凝倾向.     

系统评价指导下PVP/PKP治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨系统评价指导下选择经皮椎体成形术(PVP)与椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折(OVCF)的临床疗效.方法 2005年9月-2009年3月,针对性选择46例新鲜骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折.根据系统评价包括:Jikei骨质疏松分级、Genant半定量法分级、伤椎数量.分为A、B两组.A组25...     

Risk factors of developing new symptomatic vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic patients

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is an efficient procedure to treat pain due to osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, some patient populations experience recurrent vertebral fracture after initial successful procedure. There are a lot of literatures about the effectiveness of this procedure but few concerning the development of recurrent, new compression fracture. This is a retrospective review of all PVPs performed in author’s institution from September 1999 to December 2001 to investigate the factors related to the development of new symptomatic OVCFs after PVPs. A retrospective review of 244 cases of PVP for symptomatic OVCFs at 382 levels was performed. Sociodemographic, clinical, radiologic, and procedural data were analyzed and compared between the two patient groups (control group : no further symptomatic OVCFs after the initial PVP, “new symptomatic fracture” group: with newly developed symptomatic OVCF). Statistical analysis was performed between the variables of the two groups. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Over all, 38 among 244 treated patients (15.6%) had experienced newly developed symptomatic OVCF(s) during the follow up period (mean 52.5 months). Old age and the presence of multiple treated vertebrae at the initial PVP were assessed as a strong parameter for predicting new symptomatic OVCF. With increasing preoperative wedging deformity the risk of developing new symptomatic OVCF decreased. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the 1 year fracture-free rate was 92.2%. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that 7.8% of the patients would experience new symptomatic OVCF within 1 year after initial PVP. A preoperative only mild wedge deformity of the fractured vertebra(e) could indicate the increased risk of developing new symptomatic OVCF after vertebroplasty.     

经皮椎体强化术后骨水泥椎间盘渗漏与邻近椎体骨折的相关性分析

目的 :探讨经皮椎体强化(percutaneous vertebral augmentation,PVA)术后骨水泥椎间盘渗漏与邻近椎体骨折(adjacent vertebral fracture,AVF)的相关性,分析骨水泥椎间盘渗漏的位置及渗漏量对AVF的影响。方法:对151例经PVA治疗的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)患者进行随访研究,随访1~3年,获取患者年龄、性别、手术椎体部位、手术方式及骨水泥注入量等临床资料,记录PVA术中是否存在骨水泥椎间盘渗漏、渗漏位置,计算骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积比,分析上述各因素与AVF的相关性,应用ROC曲线检验骨水泥注入量及骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积比对AVF的预测效能,采用二分类Logistics回归模型分析AVF的相关危险因素。结果 :151例患者手术椎体共192节,55节在PVA时发生了骨水泥渗漏(55/192,28.6%),其中23节发生AVF;137节无骨水泥椎间盘渗漏,其中32节发生AVF,骨水泥渗漏与无骨水泥渗漏AVF的发生率有统计学差异(41.8%vs 20.4%,P=0.002)。AVF组骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积比为(24.4±11.0)%,无AVF组的骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积比为(13.7%±9.3%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积比的ROC曲线下面积为0.807,骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积取值为16.1%时,其预测AVF的敏感性为87.0%,特异性为72.2%。AVF组的年龄为75.8±7.8岁,高于无AVF组的73.0±8.3岁(P=0.036)。110节椎体骨水泥注入量5ml,其中22节发生AVF,骨水泥注入量≥5ml的82节椎体有29节发生AVF,两组AVF发生率比较有统计学差异(20.0%vs 35.4%,P=0.017)。骨水泥注入量的ROC曲线下面积为0.537,取骨水泥注入量5.25ml作为阈值时,其预测AVF的敏感性为58.3%,特异性为63.9%。二分类Logistics回归模型多因素分析结果显示,年龄及骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积比是AVF的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论:骨水泥椎间盘渗漏是AVF的重要危险因素之一,且与渗漏至椎间盘的骨水泥量呈正相关,骨水泥-椎间盘相对面积比对AVF具有较好的预测效能,可作为PVA术后评价AVF风险的参考指标。     

单侧PVP治疗高龄骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的临床研究

目的探讨单侧经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗高龄(年龄80岁)骨质疏松性胸腰椎体压缩骨折的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析自2012-04—2015-05采用PVP技术治疗的56例(64个椎体)高龄骨质疏松性胸腰椎体压缩骨折。术前、术后2 d、末次随访时进行疼痛强度口头评定量表(VRS)评分和功能障碍指数(ODI)评定,并摄正侧位X线片评估Cobb角、伤椎椎体高度变化情况。结果本组手术时间24~41(31.9±5.4)min,注入骨水泥量2~5(3.4±0.8)ml。5例(5个椎体)出现无症状性骨水泥向椎体外轻度渗漏。2例出现短暂疼痛加重,1例出现局部血肿。51例(54个椎体)获得完整随访,随访时间为6~25(12.4±4.5)个月。随访中新发椎体压缩骨折6例。术前、术后2 d、末次随访时的VRS评分、ODI指数、Cobb角、伤椎椎体高度比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。进一步两两比较,术后2 d、末次随访时的VRS评分、ODI指数、Cobb角、伤椎椎体高度均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且术后2 d与末次随访时比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论单侧PVP技术治疗高龄骨质疏松性胸腰椎体压缩骨折是一种安全、有效的微创手术方法。     

Cement leakage in percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: identification of risk factors

Background context

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is a common treatment modality for painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). The complication rate of PVP is low, but cement leakage occurs in up to 90% of the treated levels. Recent evidence suggests that sequelae of cement leakage may be more common and clinically relevant than previously thought. Preoperative appreciation of risk factors would therefore be helpful but has not been thoroughly investigated.

Purpose

Identification of preoperative risk factors for the occurrence of cement leakage in PVP for painful OVCFs.

Study design

Retrospective assessment of risk factors using multivariate analysis.

Patient sample

Eighty-nine patients treated with PVP for 177 painful OVCFs.

Outcome measure

Occurrence of cement leakage.

Methods

The influence of all known risk factors and other parameters potentially affecting the occurrence of cement leakage was retrospectively assessed using multivariate analysis. Patient age, sex, and spinal deformity index; fracture age, level, type, and semiquantitative severity grade (1–4), the presence of an intravertebral cleft and/or cortical disruption on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the viscosity of bone cement were included. Cement leakage was assessed on direct postoperative computed tomography scanning of the treated levels. In addition to cement leakage in general, three fundamentally different leakage types (cortical, epidural, and anterior venous), with different possible clinical sequelae, were discerned, and their respective risk factors were assessed.

Results

In 130 of 173 (75.1%) treated OVCFs, cement leakage was detected. Leakage incidence was found to increase approximately linear with advancing severity grade. High fracture semiquantitative severity grade (adjusted per grade relative risk [RR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.24; p=.002) and low bone cement viscosity (medium vs. low viscosity: adjusted RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61–0.87; p<.001) were strong risk factors for cement leakage in general. For cortical leakage (in 95% intradiscal leakage), the presence of cortical disruption on MRI (adjusted RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.16–2.26; p=.004) and an intravertebral cleft on MRI (adjusted RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.07–1.77; p=.017) were identified as additional strong risk factors.

Conclusions

High fracture severity grade and low viscosity of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement are general, strong, and independent risk factors for cement leakage. Using MRI assessment, cortical disruption and the presence of an intravertrebral cleft were identified as additional strong risk factors regarding cortical (intradiscal) cement leakage, thereby potentiating anticipation.