活血消异方对子宫内膜异位症模型小鼠子宫内膜容受性的影响研究

目的 探讨子宫内膜异位症对子宫内膜容受性的影响机制以及活血消异方对子宫内膜异位症模型小鼠子宫内膜容受性的作用.方法 通过"皮下+腹腔"同系异体子宫内膜注射的方法建立子宫内膜异位症妊娠功能低下小鼠模型,假手术予等量0 Z.9%氯化钠溶液注射.建模成功后,随机分为中药组和模型组,中药组予活血消异方干预治疗,模型组和假手术组予等量0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)灌胃.连续治疗3个周期后,3组分别与不育雄鼠合笼,次日清晨8:00观察阴栓,见栓者定为假孕第1天,于假孕第4天晚上10:30取材,运用Western blot法检测小鼠子宫内膜整合素αvβ3和LIF的蛋白表达.结果 模型组小鼠种植窗口期子宫内膜整合素αvβ3和LIF的蛋白表达量较假手术组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中药组小鼠种植窗口期子宫内膜整合素αvβ3和LIF的蛋白表达量较模型组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但均低于假手术组(P<0.05).结论 子宫内膜异位症对子宫内膜容受性存在不良影响.活血消异方能够显著提高小鼠围着床期子宫内膜着床因子整合素αvβ3和LIF的蛋白表达量,从而改善子宫内膜异位症模型小鼠子宫内膜容受性.     

内异消检测大鼠子宫内膜异位症的实验研究

目的检测子宫内膜异位症(EMT)大鼠的血液流变学、白细胞介素(IL)-6及IL-8的变化,探讨内异消的作用机制,为治疗该病提供依据。方法建立EMT大鼠模型,分为模型空白对照组、内异消组及丹那唑组,加上正常空白对照组、假手术对照组,观察内异消对大鼠的血液流变学、外周血IL-6和IL-8变化方面的影响。结果①内异消组、丹那唑组治疗1个月后与模型组相比,全血黏度均显著下降(P<0.01);②内异消组与丹那唑组较模型组外周血IL-6、IL-8含量明显降低,差异有显著性(P<0.05)和极显著性(P<0.01)。结论内异消对EMT大鼠有明显治疗作用,其机理可能与改善血液流变学和降低IL-6、IL-8水平有关。     

皮下注射子宫内膜法建立Lewis大鼠腹壁子宫内膜异位症模型

目的建立Lewis大鼠皮下子宫内膜异位症(EM)模型。方法以同系大鼠作为供体,取子宫内膜,采用皮下注射法对28只大鼠行皮下造模手术,术后第7天及第21天取异位子宫内膜结节行HE染色和病理组织学观察。结果实验大鼠均成活,腹壁子宫内膜异位种植成功率100%。子宫内膜在腹壁内生长,呈隆起囊状小包块,具有正常子宫内膜基本组织结构。结论以同系大鼠子宫内膜皮下注射法成功地建立了Lewis大鼠腹壁EM模型,可用于EM研究。     

自拟活血散结汤治疗子宫内膜异位症120例

<正>子宫内膜异位症是妇科常见疾病,近几年发病率逐渐上升。根据中医辨证,本病属于"ā瘕"范畴。笔者采用自拟活血散结汤及保留灌肠治疗本病120例,取得较好疗效,现总结如下。     

活血祛瘀法治疗子宫内膜异位症30例

目的观察中药活血祛瘀法治疗子宫内膜异位症的疗效。方法选符合该诊断标准的患者30例,予活血祛瘀中药内服、保留灌肠的治疗,2个月为1个疗程,3个疗程后观察疗效。结果治愈6例,显效11例,有效12例,无效1例,总有效率96.7%。结论中药活血祛瘀法治疗子宫内膜异位症疗效好。     

补肾活血汤治疗子宫内膜异位症不孕的临床观察

目的 观察补肾活血汤治疗子宫内膜异位症不孕的临床效果.方法 本院2010年3月～2011年9月收治120例子宫内膜异位症不孕患者,随机分为观察组(n=60)和对照组(n=60),观察组给予补肾活血汤联合孕三烯酮治疗,对照组给予孕三烯酮治疗,比较两组的疗效.结果 观察组患者的疗效、1年正常妊娠率以及最大卵泡直径、成熟卵泡个数和内膜囊肿体积均显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 补肾活血汤治疗子宫内膜异位症不孕疗效显著,值得临床推广应用.     

子宫内膜异位症的诊断和药物治疗

<正>子宫内膜异位症(内异症)是生育年龄妇女的常见病,其发病率呈上升趋势。内异症所引起的痛经、慢性盆腔疼痛和不育严重影响着中青年妇女的健康和生活质量。由于其具体发病机制不清,易于浸润和复发,为临床难治之症,目前已成为妇产科基础和临床研究的热点问题之一。     

子宫内膜异位症的治疗

子宫内膜异位症（内异症）发病率高,且有年轻化趋势;内异症常合并不孕,并有治疗后容易复发的特点,已经成为近年来研究的热点。随着对内异症认识的不断深入,在诊断和治疗方面也取得了新的进展。     

银杏内酯B注射液对大鼠生育力及早期胚胎发育毒性研究

目的 观察银杏内酯B （GGB）注射液对SD大鼠生育力及早期胚胎发育毒性。方法 SD大鼠随机分为GGB注射液低、中、高剂量（30、60、120 mg/kg,分别相当于临床等效剂量的52、105、210倍）组及溶媒对照组（生理盐水）,每组雌雄各25只。每天尾静脉推注给药1次,雄鼠连续给药4周,雌鼠连续给药2周,以1：1合笼交配,雄鼠继续给药至交配成功,雌鼠继续给药至妊娠第7天。在确定雌鼠受精后处死同笼的雄鼠,解剖检查睾丸和附睾等生殖器官及精子的数量、活力和形态。雌鼠妊娠第14天处死,解剖检查卵巢、子宫和胚胎的情况。结果 雄性大鼠GGB注射液高剂量组给药2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0周体质量与溶媒对照组比较显著增高（P<0.05）,雄性大鼠给药第2周中、高剂量组摄食量与溶媒对照组比较显著增高（P<0.05、0.01）,给药第3周高剂量组摄食量与溶媒对照组比较亦显著增高（P<0.01）,摄食量的增高与体质量的显著性增长呈现出较好的一致性,说明供试品对体质量的影响跟饲料的摄入有关。GGB注射液对雄性大鼠的睾丸、附睾的质量及脏器系数、精子数量、精子活力、精子形态没有显著影响;对雌鼠的体质量、摄食、孕鼠的黄体、活胎、死胎、吸收胎、着床数、交配率、受孕率、着床前丢失率和着床后丢失率没有显著影响。结论 在本试验条件下,未见GGB注射液对大鼠的生育力及早期胚胎的发育有毒性作用。     

利洛司酮对大鼠异位子宫内膜的抑制作用(英文)

目的 :观察利洛司酮对大鼠异位子宫内膜的抑制作用。方法 :用外科自体移植术建立大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型。灌胃给药 ,qd× 2 1d ,测量给药前、后异位内膜体积 ,计算药物对异位内膜的抑制率。结果 :用药后对照组大鼠异位子宫内膜比用药前略增大 ;给予利洛司酮 2 0 ,80mg·kg- 1和米非司酮 50mg·kg- 1后 ,异位内膜的体积比用药前明显缩小 ,抑制率依次为 (80± 2 7) % ,(88± 2 2 ) %和 (82± 31) %。结论 :利洛司酮和米非司酮一样明显抑制大鼠异位子宫内膜的生长     

Effect of atrazine on implantation and early pregnancy in 4 strains of rats.

Atrazine (ATR) is an herbicide that has been shown to have adverse reproductive effects including alterations in levels of pituitary hormones such as prolactin (prl) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in female LE rats when administered at doses of 200 mg/kg/day for 1 and 3 days. Because the action of prl in promotion of progesterone secretion is essential for the initiation of pregnancy in rats, this study was designed to examine the effect of exposure to ATR during early pregnancy on implantation and short-term pregnancy maintenance. Rats were divided into two groups representing periods of dosing with ATR prior to the diurnal or nocturnal surges of prl. Within each group, four groups consisting of four strains of rats [Holtzman (HLZ); Sprague Dawley (SD); Long Evans (LE); Fischer 344 (F344)] were each further subdivided into four ATR dosages. Rats were dosed by gavage with 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day ATR on days 1-8 of pregnancy (day 0 = sperm +). All animals were necropsied on day 8 or 9 of pregnancy. The 200 mg/kg dose of ATR reduced body weight gain in all but one group. Two groups of animals dosed at 100 and 200 mg/kg/day in the nocturnal dosing period showed an increase in percent preimplantation loss, and both of these were F344 rats. HLZ rats were the only strain to show a significant level of postimplantation loss and a decrease in serum progesterone at 200 mg/kg/day both following diurnal and nocturnal dosing. Doses of 100 mg/kg/day also produced postimplantation loss following diurnal and nocturnal dosing, but progesterone levels were decreased only after nocturnal dosing. Alterations in serum LH were seen in several groups. Serum estradiol was significantly increased only in SD rats dosed at the diurnal interval with 200 mg/kg ATR. We conclude that F344 rats are most susceptible to preimplantation effects of ATR and that HLZ rats appear most sensitive to the postimplantation effects of the chemical. LE and SD rats were least sensitive to effects of ATR during very early pregnancy.     

紫杉醇对大鼠的一般生殖毒性作用

紫杉醇是一种抗肿瘤新药，对大鼠的一般生殖毒性实验结果表明，给药剂量在１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ时雄鼠和雌鼠摄食量减少，体重增长下降，雌鼠肾上腺及卵巢重量减轻，雄鼠的生育率和雌鼠受孕率下降，但对交配率无明显影响；母鼠剖检时发现黄体数、着床数及活胎数减少，着床痕数增加。未见致畸胎作用。对活胎体重、身长和尾长无明显影响。     

小柴胡汤对子宫内膜异位症大鼠异位内膜形态结构的影响

目的:探讨小柴胡汤治疗大鼠子宫内膜异位症对其异位内膜形态结构的影响。方法:采用实验性大鼠子宫内膜异位症动物模型,分 5组,小柴胡汤组分别给小柴胡汤 5, 10, 15g·kg-1·d-1,达那唑组给达那唑0. 1g·kg-1,对照组给蒸馏水 20mL·kg-1,均ig,qd。从大体、光镜、电镜等形态学水平,观察小柴胡汤对子宫内膜异位症大鼠异位内膜形态结构的影响。结果:给予小柴胡汤 5, 10, 15g·kg-1·d-1 4wk后,子宫内膜异位症大鼠均可见异位内膜体积缩小、萎缩;在光镜和电镜下观察到子宫内膜异位症大鼠异位内膜生长明显受抑制。结论:小柴胡汤对实验性大鼠子宫内膜异位症具有治疗作用。     

坤灵丸对雌性大鼠生育力及胚胎-胎仔发育影响的研究

目的 评价坤灵丸对雌性大鼠的生育力及胚胎发育的影响。方法 在生育力及早期胚胎发育毒性研究中,每组25只雌性SD大鼠从交配前14 d开始,每天ig给予1次坤灵丸（0.875、1.750、3.500 g制剂/kg）或去离子水至妊娠第7天,评价雌鼠症状、体质量、摄食量、生殖能力和早期胚胎发育情况;在胚胎-胎仔发育毒性研究中,每组25只雌性SD大鼠从妊娠第6~15天每天ig给予坤灵丸（0.875、1.750、3.500 g制剂/kg）或去离子水1次,评价妊娠母鼠的症状、体质量、摄食量、生殖能力及胎仔的体质量、性别和外观、内脏、骨胳发育的畸形或变异。结果 在生育力及早期胚胎发育毒性研究和胚胎-胎仔发育毒性研究中,坤灵丸给药剂量达到3.500 g/kg时未产生任何药物相关的母体毒性和胚胎毒性。结论 本试验条件下,雌鼠生育力及胚胎发育毒性的安全剂量为3.500 g/kg,按照体质量计算,该剂量相当于人用最大临床使用剂量的43.2倍。     

Developmental toxicity of benzyl benzoate in rats after maternal exposure throughout pregnancy

The maternal and fetal toxicity of benzyl benzoate, commonly used as antiparasitic insecticide, was evaluated in pregnant rats after a daily oral dose of 25 and 100 mg/kg. Biochemical, histopathological, and morphological examinations were performed. Dams were observed for maternal body weights and food and water consumption and subjected to caesarean section on (GD) 20. Maternal and fetal liver, kidney, heart, brain, and placenta were examined histopathologically under light microscope. Maternal and fetal liver and placenta were stained immunohistochemically for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Morphometric analysis of fetal body lengths, placental measurements, and fetal skeletal stainings was performed. Statistically significant alterations in biochemical parameters and placental and skeletal measurements were determined in treatment groups. In addition to histopathological changes, considerable differences were observed in the immunolocalization of VEGF in treatment groups. These results demonstrated that benzyl benzoate and its metabolites can transport to the placenta and eventually enter the fetuses. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 40–53, 2014.     

Chronic di-n-butyl phthalate exposure in rats reduces fertility and alters ovarian function during pregnancy in female Long Evans hooded rats.

Testis function in fetal and peripubertal male rats is disrupted by subchronic exposure to phthalate esters (PEs). In contrast to the male rat, it is generally held that reproduction in female rats is much less sensitive to phthalate-induced disruption. However, the current study demonstrates that oral administration of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) to female Long Evans (LE) hooded rats from weaning, through puberty, mating, and gestation disrupts pregnancy maintenance at dose levels similar to those that affect testis function in male rats. Administration of 500 and 1000 mg DBP/kg/day, but not 250 mg DBP/kg/day, to female LE rats induced midpregnancy abortions. The percentage of females delivering live pups was reduced by more than 50% at 500 mg/kg/day and by 90% at 1000 mg/kg/day in the absence of overt toxicity, whereas the ages at vaginal opening and first estrus, estrous cyclicity, and mating indices (N mated/N paired or N pregnant/N mated) were not significantly affected. On gestational day 13, prior to the stage when litters were being aborted, ex vivo ovarian hormone production was significantly decreased by in vivo DBP treatment at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day. These results should be considered when evaluating mechanisms of reproductive toxicity for the PE because it is likely that these reproductive alterations in the female rat arise via a mode of action similar to that operative in male rats.     

缓释醋酸亮丙瑞林微球对大鼠子宫异位内膜的抑制作用

目的 :观察国内研制的醋酸亮丙瑞林微球(LE ms)对异位子宫内膜的抑制作用 ,并初步探讨原料药的作用机制。方法 :以手术方法制备子宫内膜异位症 (endometriosis ,EMT)模型SD大鼠 6 0只 ,随机分组给药 ,并计算各用药组对异位内膜的抑制率。另取SD大鼠 30只 ,随机分为假手术组、EMT模型组、用药组。 3周后 ,测血清E2 水平 ;异位内膜体积 ;子宫、卵巢、胸腺和脾脏重量 ;NK细胞活性。结果 :醋酸亮丙瑞林 (LE) 2 0 μg·kg-1、进口LE ms2 0 μg·kg-1·d-1,抑制率依次为 87.2 %和 78.3%。国产LE ms 2、2 0、2 0 0 μg·kg-1·d-1对大鼠异位内膜抑制率依次为 5 7.3%、89.0 %和 94 .7%。LE可使EMT大鼠动情周期消失 ;血清E2 水平降低 ;子宫重量明显减轻 ;胸腺重量明显增加和NK细胞活性明显提高。结论 :国内研制的醋酸亮丙瑞林微球疗效与相同剂量的进口同类产品及原料药的作用相当 ,其作用机制可能是抑制大鼠性腺轴系并通过拮抗雌激素作用来提高EMT大鼠的免疫功能。     

高危早期宫内妊娠临床流产方法应用综述

介绍了高危早期妊娠流产的概念、囚素及目前几种终止高危早期宫内妊娠的临床流产方法，对各种方法的优缺点进行分析对比。并提出加强对高危流产手术的管理和重视、针对不同因素的高危早期妊娠选择合适的流产方法，是减少并发症发生、确保受术者安全的关键。