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1.
目的:探讨后路三柱截骨矫形术治疗先天性颈胸段脊柱畸形的疗效、安全性及并发症。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月~2017年3月于我院应用后路一期三柱截骨矫形术治疗的25例先天性颈胸段脊柱畸形患者的病历资料,其中男11例,女14例,年龄3~32岁(12.1±7.1岁)。术前合并神经功能损害6例,其中Frankel分级C级4例,D级2例。测量手术前后及末次随访时的颈胸段主弯Cobb角、局部后凸角、远端代偿弯Cobb角、双肩高度等参数,并观察神经功能转归及并发症。结果:行SRS(Scoliosis Research Society)3级截骨6例,SRS 4级截骨3例,SRS 5级截骨16例。手术时间306.1±101.5min(147~550min),术中失血量1108.0±1000.9ml(150~4500ml)。随访时间37.8±14.0(20~69)个月。颈胸段主弯Cobb角由术前59.5°±28.5°矫正到术后的28.8°±16.9°(P0.001),末次随访时为31.6°±16.4°,无明显丢失(P=0.574)。局部后凸由术前39.2°±28.2°矫正到术后的21.1°±14.4°(P0.001),末次随访时为24.0°±14.3°,无明显丢失(P=0.478)。远端代偿弯由术前的35.4°±19.5°减少为术后的18.4°±11.3°(P0.001),末次随访时为26.1°±16.9°,较术后无统计学差异(P=0.073)。双肩高度差由术前的2.6±0.9cm减少到术后的1.2±0.6cm(P0.001),末次随访时进一步改善为0.9±0.6cm,但较术后无统计学差异(P=0.093)。术前合并神经功能损害的6例患者中5例随访期间恢复至Frankel E级,1例C级恢复至Frankel D级。术后神经系统并发症6例:5例凸侧上肢麻木;1例因双下肢肌力持续下降行再次手术探查清除血肿后恢复,6例末次随访时神经功能均恢复正常。其他包括脑脊液漏1例,胸腔积液3例,伤口积液1例,肺部感染1例,远期融合远端侧凸加重行翻修手术2例,均通过对症处理后恢复。结论:对于先天性颈胸段脊柱畸形患者应用后路一期三柱截骨矫形手术治疗,能够获得良好的矫形效果,但存在较高的并发症发生率。  相似文献   

2.
在脊柱截骨矫形术中,后路截骨应用最为普遍,可应用于多种常见的脊柱侧后凸畸形,如强直性脊柱炎、先天性脊柱侧凸、青少年特发性脊柱侧凸以及严重的后凸畸形等。本文就近年来后路截骨矫形治疗重度脊柱畸形的临床应用进展进行综述。  相似文献   

3.
强直性脊柱炎颈胸段后凸畸形截骨矫正术   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
作者自1961—2002年,手术治疗强直性脊柱后凸560例,其中颈胸段后凸截骨矫正手术仅作了3例,其余病例均为胸腰段和腰段的截骨术。560例患者中合并明显颈胸段脊柱后凸的患者17人,但由于该节段截骨的危险性大,想来想去未敢大量开展这项工作,只是近10a来在应用田氏脊柱骨刀作全脊柱截骨术的基础上,才着手这项工作,取得了初步的手术方法和术后处理的经验,愿提出探讨。  相似文献   

4.
目的:评估儿童及青少年颈胸段/上胸段先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形手术治疗的疗效和并发症。方法:回顾性研究2005年4月~2018年1月于我科接受手术治疗的颈胸段及上胸段先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者45例,男27例,女18例;年龄10.9±3.1岁(5~15)岁。术前所有患者均存在双肩不等高以及斜颈,2例患者存在脊髓受压及神经功能障碍(均为ASIA D级)。术前均行全脊柱CT平扫及三维重建,畸形顶点位于颈椎12例,位于胸椎33例;形成障碍型24例,分节障碍型5例,混合型16例;28例患者存在代偿性胸弯/胸腰弯;23例患者伴发其他部位的脊柱畸形。所有患者术前均行全脊柱MRI明确椎管内病变情况。对于计划进行颈胸段(C7/T1)截骨或颈椎固定的患者,行双侧椎动脉CT造影(CTA)检查。所有患者均行三柱截骨侧后凸矫形内固定植骨融合术,其中44例患者为单纯后路手术,1例接受C6-7半椎体切除患者行前后路联合手术。截骨水平位于颈椎12例,位于胸椎33例;半椎体切除术32例,全脊椎切除术10例,经椎弓根截骨术3例。6例患者代偿弯行手术治疗,其中4例接受后路融合术,2例接受双生长棒手术。于术后3个月、6个月及1年随访,此后每年进行随访。术前、术后及随访时均摄站立位全脊柱正侧位X线片,对原发侧凸、代偿侧凸及节段性后凸Cobb角与锁骨角、斜颈角度及矢状面平衡(sagittal vertical axis,SVA)进行测量。统计手术时间、术中出血量和手术并发症情况。结果:手术时间为269.1±65.3min(150~310min),术中出血量为987±157ml(500~2700ml)。45例患者均获1年以上随访,随访时间2.8±0.6(1~13)年。原发侧凸Cobb角术前为51.3°±13.9°,术后10.3°±6.4°,末次随访时12.4°±7.5°;代偿侧凸术前为32.1°±23.0°,术后11.1°±21.0°,末次随访时16.3°±23.1°;节段性后凸Cobb角术前为24.2°±15.2°,术后9.2°±8.7°,末次随访时10.4°±9.4°;斜颈术前为19.3°±5.0°,术后4.6°±3.0°,末次随访时5.7°±4.1°;锁骨角术前为7.5°±3.1°,术后2.7°±1.9°,末次随访时2.1°±1.2°;SVA术前为-9.1±16.1mm,术后-12.3±11.2mm,末次随访时-7.5±15.2mm。术后的原发侧凸Cobb角、代偿性侧凸Cobb角、斜颈角度、锁骨角及节段性后凸Cobb角与术前比较均有统计学差异(P0.05),末次随访时的原发侧凸、代偿性侧凸及节段性后凸Cobb角与术后比较有统计学差异(P0.05);SVA术前、术后及末次随访时均在正常范围内,无统计学差异(P0.05)。2例术前存在神经功能障碍者术后完全恢复正常。22例患者发生24例次并发症,其中一过性脊髓损伤伴C8神经根损伤1例,一过性神经根损伤14例,Horner综合征1例,内固定失败2例,血胸3例,切口延迟愈合1例,肺不张1例。结论:三柱截骨术治疗颈胸段及上胸段先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形矫形效果良好,但手术相关并发症风险较高,一过性神经根损伤较为常见,需引起外科医生充分的重视。  相似文献   

5.
李光业  高建章 《中华骨科杂志》1994,14(9):571-572,T004
颈椎后凸畸形的截骨矫形李光业,高建章,杨锡铭,吴岳嵩颈椎后凸畸形是强直性脊柱炎常见的后遗症,对患者生活、工作影响很大,手术治疗风险亦较大。我们在胸腰段截骨矫形扩大减压的基础上,开展了下颈椎的截骨矫形,通过随访疗效满意。临床资料自1989年5月~199...  相似文献   

6.
 目的 探讨先天性胸腰段侧后凸畸形三柱截骨矫形术后冠状面失代偿的发生机制。方法 2008年1月至2012年6月因先天性胸腰段侧后凸畸形接受三柱截骨矫形术治疗的患者118例,男55例,女63例;年龄10~30岁,平均18岁。冠状面平衡类型:Ⅰ型(平衡状态),C7偏移小于2 cm;Ⅱ型(凸侧失平衡),C7向主弯凸侧偏移大于2 cm;Ⅲ型(凹侧失平衡),C7向主弯凹侧偏移大于2 cm。Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型为冠状面失平衡。结果 术后胸腰段侧凸和后凸均获得满意矫正。冠状面C7偏移从术前平均1.1 cm增加至术后1.5 cm。术前冠状面平衡Ⅰ型71例、Ⅱ型45例、Ⅲ型2例;术后Ⅰ型92例、Ⅱ型26例。26例(22%,26/118)有冠状面失代偿,且均为凸侧失平衡。术后Ⅱ型患者较Ⅰ型有较大的C7偏移(3.1 cm比0.2 cm)和C7偏移变化量(1.8 cm比-0.8 cm);术前Ⅱ型患者较Ⅰ型有更高的术后凸侧失平衡发生率(33%比15%)。远端固定于L5及骶骨者冠状面失平衡发生率高于固定于L4及以上者(36%比14%)。术后失代偿与术前C7偏移呈正相关(r=0.31,P=0.047)。22例在术后1年内凸侧失代偿改善。结论 顶椎区三柱截骨矫形术可有效矫正先天性胸腰段侧后凸畸形,但术后易发冠状面失代偿。术后冠状面失代偿可能与截骨矫形和术前凸侧失平衡有关。  相似文献   

7.
目的 分析后路多椎体截骨矫形术治疗儿童胸椎结核伴脊柱后凸畸形的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析于2019-03采用后路多椎体截骨矫形术治疗的1例儿童胸椎结核伴脊柱后凸畸形,术中在上下正常节段的相邻椎板安装椎弓根钉,切除T10~12椎体顶锥及椎间盘,顺应脊柱弯曲弧度置入连接棒,进行双轴旋转矫形,术后持续进行抗结核治疗.结果 手...  相似文献   

8.
[目的]介绍一期前后入路平齐截骨矫形法治疗先天性颈椎半椎体畸形的手术技术和初步临床效果。[方法]对1例先天性C6半椎体畸形采用上述手术治疗。该患者C6右侧半椎体且椎动脉穿过横突孔,术前行3D打印建立实体模型,设计截骨。先行前路手术,截除C6、C7部分椎体,使C6、C7下方获得平齐,无需处理C6右侧椎动脉;再行后路截骨及C5~T1椎弓根螺钉固定;再次自前路行前侧钢板固定矫形。[结果]术程顺利,术中未出现脊髓神经及椎动脉损伤等并发症。手术时间为5 h,术中出血量约400 ml。术后患者斜颈明显好转,颈椎Cobb角由术前33°改善至术后的5°。术后X线片及CT示颈椎冠状面平衡良好、内固定满意。[结论]一期前后联合入路平齐截骨矫形法治疗先天性颈椎半椎体畸形效果满意,可避免截骨时处理椎动脉,提升手术安全性。  相似文献   

9.
[目的]探讨改良单侧后路椎体截骨术(MU-PVCR)治疗先天性重度脊柱角状后凸畸形的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析本院采用MU-PVCR和后路钉棒矫形固定治疗的22例先天性重度脊柱角状后凸畸形患者的临床资料,记录患者围手术期资料,采用Frankel分级评估手术前后神经功能,VAS评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、日本骨科协会(JOA)评分评价临床疗效。影像测量后凸Cobb角、脊柱矢状位平衡(SVA)。[结果] 22例患者手术顺利,手术时间(125.31±34.25) min,出血量(750.10±114.67) ml。2例患者术中硬脊膜撕裂,给予缝合硬脊膜,无不良后果。随访(26.75±1.25)个月。术前6例有神经症状的患者Frankel分级由术前D级提高到术后E级。术后3个月VAS评分和ODI指数均较术前显著减少(P<0.05),术后3个月JOA评分均较术前显著增加(P<0.05)。末次随访时VAS、ODI和JOA评分较术后3个月无显著改变(P>0.05)。影像评估方面,术后3个月Cobb角和SVA测量结果均较术前显著减少(P<0.05),末次随访时Cobb角和SVA测量结果较术后3个月无显著改变(P>0.05)。[结论]对于先天性重度脊柱角状后凸畸形的患者,行改良单侧后路全脊椎截骨矫形固定融合术获得良好的临床疗效。  相似文献   

10.
陈旧性胸腰椎骨折伴后凸畸形的截骨矫形术式选择   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:观测经椎弓根截骨(PSO)与Smith-Petersen截骨(SPO)两种术式治疗胸腰椎陈旧骨折伴后凸畸形的矫形效果和临床疗效,探讨截骨矫形术式选择。方法:2006年3月~2014年12月,对47例创伤性后凸畸形患者进行了截骨矫形手术。其中男30例,女17,年龄22~69岁,平均42.5±15.5岁。均为陈旧性胸腰椎骨折导致的创伤性后凸畸形。47例患者主诉均为腰背部疼痛。针对不同病理特征和畸形程度,32例行PSO矫形,15例行SPO矫形。PSO手术在病椎行经椎弓根楔形截骨矫形,SPO手术在病椎上下及相邻间隙做2~3节段SPO截骨矫形。通过术前、术后和末次随访全脊柱正侧位X线片,测量后凸畸形Cobb角及矢状面平衡(SVA),分析两种方法矫形效果,采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估疼痛情况,应用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)分析两种方法临床疗效。结果:47例中有42例获得随访,其中PSO手术29例,SPO手术13例。随访时间8~48个月,平均29.4±7.8个月。42例均获得骨性融合。后凸畸形Cobb角PSO组术前为41.8°±10.5°,术后为2.6°±1.2°,末次随访时为3.2°±1.3°,矫正率92.3%;SPO组术前为40.2°±9.6°,术后为4.9°±2.3°,末次随访时为5.3°±3.5°,矫正率86.8%。两组术后、末次随访时Cobb角与术前相比均有显著性差异(P0.05)。PSO组SVA术前为5.0±4.1cm,术后为-0.6±2.2cm,末次随访时为1.2±1.5cm;SPO组SVA术前为3.5±2.2cm,术后为0.8±0.6㎝,末次随访时为1.3±1.1cm。两组术后、末次随访时SVA与术前相比均有显著性差异(P0.05)。PSO组VAS术前为6.46±1.72,末次随访时为0.91±0.59,ODI术前为(69.4±12.1)%,末次随访时为(23.7±11.5)%;SPO组VAS术前为6.51±1.87,末次随访时为2.08±0.75,ODI术前为(68.1±16.3)%,末次随访时为(33.1±12.5)%,两组随访VAS和ODI与术前相比有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:针对不同病理特征和畸形程度的胸腰椎陈旧骨折伴后凸畸形患者,选用PSO或SPO矫治均可取得良好矫形效果及临床疗效。  相似文献   

11.
目的评估后路经椎弓根截骨矫形部分半椎体保留治疗先天性半椎体所致脊柱侧凸畸形的临床疗效。方法共18例先天性半椎体合并脊柱侧凸患者纳入随访研究,平均年龄16.17岁(14~21岁),术前测量半椎体所致脊柱畸形的节段性主弯Cobb角45.39°±6.81°,头侧代偿弯Cobb角27.5°±2.71°,尾侧代偿弯Cobb角为26.44°±6.85°,顶椎偏距为4.28±0.58cm,节段性后/前凸角度为14.11°±18.07°。所有病例均采用后路一期经半椎体椎弓根截骨,双侧固定矫正侧凸畸形。随访时间为14.17±6.56个月。综合评估影像学、临床疗效以及并发症的情况。结果手术时间为2.82±0.74h,术中失血量317.22±65.15ml。术后节段性主弯Cobb角为11.33°±4.68°,矫正34.06°±7.88°,末次随访14.61°±4.96°;头侧代偿弯Cobb角为8.72°±1.44°,矫正18.78°±3.17°,末次随访18.78°±3.17°;尾侧代偿弯Cobb角为7.98°±1.82°,矫正18.47°±5.83°,末次随访18.47°±5.83°;节段性后/前凸角为-1.94°±12.35°,矫正14.94°±10.18°,末次随访-1.5°±12.67°。顶椎偏距的矫正为2.31±0.52cm,末次随访2.1±0.24cm。术中没有血管、神经损伤、骨折等重大并发症发生,术后没有发生冠状面和矢状面的失代偿。结论后路半椎体经椎弓根截骨矫形能有效矫正轻、中度先天性半椎体所致脊柱侧凸畸形,缩短手术时间,创伤小,减少术中失血量,矫形效果满意,所选病例骨骼发育相对成熟者,避免矫形丢失。  相似文献   

12.
目的:评估伴有面部不对称的小儿先天性颈胸段/上胸段脊柱侧凸畸形行后路半椎体切除矫形术后的临床疗效,观察患儿术后面部不对称的自然转归.方法:2010年6月~2019年1月在我院行一期后路半椎体切除矫形内固定手术的伴有面部不对称的先天性颈胸段/上胸段侧凸畸形患者共16例,其中男性7例,女性9例,年龄5~14岁(8.1±3....  相似文献   

13.
目的 :分析Lenke 5型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)患者颈椎矢状位曲度(CSA)在后路矫形术后改变的特点。方法:回顾性分析2011年7月~2017年7月解放军总医院脊柱外科收治的43例Lenke 5型AIS患者的临床资料。在术前、术后及末次随访时的X线片上测量颈椎前凸角(CL)、胸椎后凸角(TK)、胸腰段后凸角(TLK)、腰椎前凸角(LL)、融合节段内腰椎前凸角(LIF)、C7矢状位垂直距离(SVA)。同时统计患者的基本资料,包括性别、年龄、Risser征、随访时间、融合节段椎体数目(NVF)及术前胸腰段/腰弯(TL/L Curve,TL/L C)。依据患者术前CSA分为颈椎前凸组(L组,术前CL0°)、颈椎后凸组(K组,术前CL≥0°);依据患者末次随访时CSA较术前的改变分为颈椎前凸增加组(I组)与颈椎前凸减少组(D组)。使用t检验分析L组与K组、I组与D组对应参数的差异性,使用LSD-t检验分析各组内术前、术后、末次随访时参数的差异。使用Pearson相关性检验分析CL与I组和D组各参数的相关性。检验水准为双侧α=0.05。结果:43例患者中男10例,女33例;年龄15.90±4.98岁,随访时间22.84±14.10个月。L组15例,K组17例;I组26例,D组17例。L组与K组、I组与D组的基本资料无显著性差异。所有患者末次随访时TK较术前增加(P=0.000);术后TLK与术前比较有显著性差异(P=0.000);CL在术前、术后及末次随访时无统计学差异。L组与K组术前CL(P=0.000)、LIF(P=0.029)、SVA(P=0.003)差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。K组末次随访时CL较术前改善(P=0.025),TK较术前增加(P=0.000);术后TLK较术前减小(P=0.002)并维持至末次随访(P=0.002)。I组与D组术前LL(P=0.043)、CL(P=0.009)有显著性差异(P0.05)。I组末次随访时CL较术前改善(P=0.008),TK较术前(P=0.000)及术后(P=0.001)增加;术后TLK较术前减小(P=0.005)并维持到末次随访时(P=0.006)。D组术后LL较术前增加(P=0.011)并维持到末次随访(P=0.001)。I组术前CL与TK、SVA有相关性;D组CL术前与LL、SVA,术后与TLK、SVA,末次随访时与TLK有相关性。结论:术前颈椎后凸的患者较颈椎前凸的患者在术后CSA的改善更为明显;随访中TK增加、术后TLK改善可能有助于CSA的改善;术后只有LL增加而无TK、TLK的改变则可能不会引起CSA改善。  相似文献   

14.
先天性颈椎融合畸形,即Klipple-Feil综合征(Klipple-Feil syndrome,KFS),是一种以颈椎融合为特征的先天性疾病.临床上主要表现为短颈、低后发际线与颈部活动受限三联征,并且常合并有骨关节系统、神经系统、泌尿生殖系统、心血管系统畸形等异常表现.KFS的病因学是近年来国内外学者研究的热点,已从...  相似文献   

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16.
【摘要】 目的:分析应用不对称经椎弓根截骨技术矫治成人先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法:2009年9月~2013年10月采用不对称经椎弓根截骨矫治成人先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者16例,男9例,女7例。年龄18~42岁,平均23.6岁。均有腰背痛,无神经受压症状。16例患者脊柱侧凸Cobb角43°~97°,后凸Cobb角15°~70°。侧凸畸形和后凸畸形顶椎均位于同一节段,其中顶椎位于胸椎10例、腰椎6例。于术前、术后及末次随访时在X线片上测量脊柱冠状面主弯Cobb角、矢状面后凸角、冠状面平衡及矢状面平衡,比较术前、术后及末次随访时影像学参数评估手术矫形效果。于术前、末次随访时填写SRS-22问卷量表,评估患者术后的生活质量变化。结果:手术融合节段5~12个,平均7.23个节段。手术时间3~7h,平均4.26h。术中出血量700~2500ml,平均1265ml。1例L1部位截骨患者术后出现双下肢痛觉过敏,急诊手术探查发现截骨部位硬脊膜皱褶,脊髓受压,对截骨部位椎板切开减压,术后症状明显好转,术后3个月随访神经症状消失。2例患者术后出现一侧胸腔积血,紧急行胸腔闭式引流术,1周后拔除引流管。15例患者获得6~48个月(平均13.4个月)随访。获得随访的15例患者冠状位主弯Cobb角术前为58.67°±20.36°(43°~97°),术后为20.32°±8.76°(8°~37°),末次随访时为21.76°±8.34°(10°~41°),术后与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),矫正率为50.76%~82.36%,平均为65.36%,末次随访时与术后比较丢失率为2.45%。术前矢状位后凸角度为45.62°±16.26°(15°~70°),术后为16.35°±16.87°(-20°~40°),末次随访时为18.27°±13.92°(-15°~40°),术后与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),矫正率为50.97%~79.32%,平均为64.16%,末次随访时与术后比较丢失率为4.2%。15例患者中,6例术前存在冠状面失平衡,术后均恢复平衡;4例术前存在矢状面失平衡,术后3例恢复平衡,1例仍为失平衡。SRS-22问卷量表总得分由术前66.47±12.35分(49~79分)提高至末次随访时的84.13±6.42分(76~92分)(P<0.01)。15例患者均获得骨性融合,无假关节形成或内固定断裂。结论:应用不对称经椎弓根截骨技术矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形,可获得较好的矫形效果,显著改善患者躯体外观及躯体平衡,同时明显改善患者的生活质量。  相似文献   

17.

Background Context

Distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) is a primary concern of surgeons correcting cervical deformity. Identifying patients and procedures at higher risk of developing this condition is paramount in improving patient selection and care.

Purpose

The present study aimed to develop a risk index for DJK development in the first year after surgery.

Study Design/Setting

This is a retrospective review of a prospective multicenter cervical deformity database.

Patient Sample

Patients over the age of 18 meeting one of the following deformities were included in the study: cervical kyphosis (C2–7 Cobb angle>10°), cervical scoliosis (coronal Cobb angle>10°), positive cervical sagittal imbalance (C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA)>4?cm or T1-C6>10°), or horizontal gaze impairment (chin-brow vertical angle>25°).

Outcome Measures

Development of DJK at any time before 1 year.

Methods

Distal junctional kyphosis was defined by both clinical diagnosis (by enrolling surgeon) and post hoc identification of development of an angle<?10° from the end of fusion construct to the second distal vertebra, as well as a change in this angle by <?10° from baseline. Conditional Inference Decision Trees were used to identify factors predictive of DJK incidence and the cut-off points at which they have an effect. A conditional Variable-Importance table was constructed based on a non-replacement sampling set of 2,000 Conditional Inference Trees. Twelve influencing factors were found; binary logistic regression for each variable at significant cutoffs indicated their effect size.

Results

Statistical analysis included 101 surgical patients (average age: 60.1 years, 58.3% female, body mass index: 30.2) undergoing long cervical deformity correction (mean levels fused: 7.1, osteotomy used: 49.5%, approach: 46.5% posterior, 17.8% anterior, 35.7% combined). In 2 years after surgery, 6% of patients were diagnosed with clinical DJK; however, 23.8% of patients met radiographic definition for DJK. Patients with neurologic symptoms were at risk of DJK (odds ratio [OR]: 3.71, confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.63). However, no significant relationship was found between osteoporosis, age, and ambulatory status with DJK incidence. Baseline radiographic malalignments were the most numerous and strong predictors for DJK: (1) C2-T1 tilt>5.33 (OR: 6.94, CI: 2.99–16.14); (2) kyphosis<?50.6° (OR: 5.89, CI: 0.07–0.43); (3) C2–C7 lordosis<?12° (OR: 5.7, CI: 0.08–0.41); (4) T1 slope minus cervical lordosis>36.4 (OR: 5.6, CI: 2.28–13.57); (5) C2-C7 SVA>56.3° (OR: 5.4, CI: 2.20–13.23); and (6) C4_Tilt>56.7 (OR: 5.0, CI: 1.90–13.1). Clinically, combined approaches (OR: 2.67, CI: 1.21–5.89) and usage of Smith-Petersen osteotomy (OR: 2.55, CI: 1.02–6.34) were the most important predictors of DJK.

Conclusions

In a surgical cohort of patients with cervical deformity, we found a 23.8% incidence of DJK. Different procedures and patient malalignment predicted incidence of DJK up to 1 year. Preoperative T1 slope-cervical lordosis, cervical kyphosis, SVA, and cervical lordosis all strongly predicted DJK at specific cut-off points. Knowledge of these factors will potentially help direct future study and strategy aimed at minimizing this potentially dramatic occurrence.  相似文献   

18.

Background Context

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a very common operative intervention for the treatment of cervical spine degenerative disease in those who have failed non-operative measures. However, studies examining long-term follow-up on patients who underwent ACDF reveal evidence of radiographic and clinical degenerative disc disease at the levels adjacent to the fusion construct. Consistent with other junctional regions of the spine, the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) has significant morphologic variations. As a result, the CTJ undergoes significant static and dynamic stress. Given these findings, there has been some thought that ACDF down to C7 may experience additional risks for adjacent segment degeneration/disease (ASD) when compared with ASDFs that are cephalad to C7.

Purpose

The goal of this study is to evaluate the rate of radiographic and clinical ASD in patients who have undergone single- or multilevel ACDF, down to C7.

Study Design

This is a retrospective cohort study.

Patient Sample

The sample included consecutive patients from a single orthopedic surgeon at one quaternary referral medical center who underwent an ACDF between January 2008 and November 2014. Indications for surgery included radiculopathy, myelopathy, or myeloradiculopathy in the setting of failed conservative treatments. Patients were excluded if they had an ACDF of which the caudal level was cephalad to C7 or if they had undergone a previous cervical fusion.

Outcome Measures

Radiographic diagnosis of ASD was determined by the presence of disc space narrowing >50%, new or enlarged osteophytes, end plate sclerosis, or increased calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL). Postoperatively, data were collected on the presence of new radicular or myelopathic symptoms indicative of pathology at C7–T1, indicating a diagnosis of clinical ASD.

Methods

Demographic information was collected for all patients, which included age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, and Charleston Comorbidity Index (CCI). Several radiographic parameters were measured preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at the last follow-up: C2–C7 lordosis, sagittal vertical axis (SVA), thoracic inlet angle (TIA), and T1 slope C2–C7 lordosis were measured using the Cobb angle between the inferior end plate of C2 to the inferior end plate of C7. Radiographic and clinical factors associated with ASD were analyzed postoperatively.

Results

Four patients (4.8%) presented with clinical evidence of ASD, all of whom also showed signs of radiographic ASD and improved with conservative measures. No patients underwent reoperation for ASD at the C7–T1 junction. Thirty patients (36.1%) presented radiographic evidence of ASD. These were generally older (54.4 vs. 48.4 years; p=.014). There were neither significant differences in radiographic parameters nor between single- versus multilevel ACDFs and the development of ASD.

Conclusions

The cervicothoracic junction may present with vulnerability to ASD given the junctional biomechanics. However, this study provides evidence that an ACDF with the caudal level of C7 does not incur additional risk of ASD, showing similar outcomes to ACDFs at other levels.  相似文献   

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