NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: myelodysplastic syndromes

These suggested practice guidelines are based on extensive evaluation of the reviewed risk-based data and indicate useful current approaches for managing patients with MDS. Four drugs have recently been approved by the FDA for treating specific subtypes of MDS: lenalidomide for MDS patients with del(5q) cytogenetic abnormalities; azacytidine and decitabine for treating patients with higher-risk or nonresponsive MDS; and deferasirox for iron chelation of iron overloaded patients with MDS. However, because a substantial proportion of patient subsets with MDS lack effective treatment for their cytopenias or for altering disease natural history, clinical trials with these and other novel therapeutic agents along with supportive care remain the hallmark of management for this disease. The role of thrombopoietic cytokines for management of thrombocytopenia in MDS needs further evaluation. In addition, further determination of the effects of these therapeutic interventions on the patient's quality of life is important.(116,119,120,128,129) Progress toward improving management of MDS has occurred over the past few years, and more advances are anticipated using these guidelines as a framework for coordination of comparative clinical trials.     

Central nervous system cancers in first-degree relatives and spouses.

The increasing incidence of high-grade astrocytomas in the elderly, the associations between these malignancies and environmental factors, and case reports suggesting a familial component to these tumors prompted this study of primary brain tumors in first-degree relatives and spouses. This article describes the findings in 154 patients from 72 consecutive families accrued to the National Familial Brain Tumor Registry from 1991 to 1996. Medical records, pathological slides, and demographic data were reviewed for each identified case. Parents and children were affected in 33 families, siblings in 27, and husbands and wives in 12. The median age of the patients was 50.5 years, 55% were men, and 70% had high-grade astrocytomas. The pattern of tumor occurrence in this population is different from most familial cancers. These tumors did not involve multiple generations or occur at an unusually early age. In addition, the cases tended to cluster in time, with 47% of the familial and 50% of the husband-wife cases occurring within a 5-year span. In families with an affected parent and child, the diagnosis was made in the child before the parent in 45% of the cases. Prognostic factors for these patients appear to be similar to that reported for typical high-grade astrocytomas. This study demonstrates that primary brain tumors can occur in families without a known predisposing hereditary disease. The ages of these patients, the clustering of cases in time, the few affected generations, and the occurrence of brain tumors in spouses suggest that environmental exposures may be important in the etiology of this neoplasm. Although this hypothesis requires further study, it is plausible given the known associations in animals and humans between high-grade astrocytomas and radiation, toxic chemicals, and viruses.     

2010版《NCCN乳腺癌筛查和诊断临床实践指南》解读与体会

<正>美国国立综合癌症网络(NCCN)公布的指南中,与乳腺癌相关的共有3种,分别是《NCCN乳腺癌临床实践指南》、《NCCN乳腺癌筛查和诊断临床实践指南》和《NCCN降低乳腺癌风险临床实践指南》。     

Chinese version of NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology officially authorized by NCCN

The publishing conference of the Chinese version of National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (hereinafter referred to as NCCN Guidelines) and the inaugural peer reviewer meeting of NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology:Digestive System Cancers (hereinafter referred to as NCCN Guidelines on Digestive System Cancers) were held in People's Medical Publishing House in January 28th,2016 (Figure 1).Sun Yan,the academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering,from Cancer Institute and Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences;Guo Yinglu,the academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering,from Peking University First Hospital;Ji Jiafu,the president of Beijing Cancer Hospital as well as many leading cancer experts and representatives in China were presented at the conference (Figure 2).     

中枢神经系统骨髓瘤

多发性骨髓瘤（MM）累及中枢神经系统（CNS）十分罕见,约见于1％的MM患者。概述文献中报道的109例CNS骨髓瘤（CNSMM）的临床与实验室特征和治疗安排。CNSMM具有广谱的神经学症状和体征。迄今尚无CNSMM的治疗指南可采用,导致治疗安排变动较大。选择包括鞘内化疗（IT）、系统化疗（SC）、颅照射（CI）或其联合治疗。CNSMM的预后仍然不佳,从诊断至死亡的中位数总生存期为2．0个月（范围0．1～25个月）。与无CI治疗患者相比,包含CI治疗的患者生存期显著延长（P=0．004）。     

非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床实践指南(中国版)

2009年(第一版) 边缘带淋巴瘤 边缘区淋巴瘤(marginal zone lymphomas,MZL)是一组异质性疾病,包括结外MZL(MALT淋巴瘤)、淋巴结MZL和脾MZL.MALT淋巴瘤又细分为胃和非胃的淋巴瘤.脾MZL累及脾和骨髓,而结内MZL主要发生在淋巴结,但结外部位也常受累.     

非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床实践指南（中国版）

2009年（第一版） 慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）和、小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤（SLL） 诊断     

Central nervous system tumours in adolescents

Adolescents with brain tumours have been, and in most cases still are, haphazardly assigned, on referral, to either ‘paediatric’ or ‘adult’-based treatment centres. In this age group, there is therefore a history of inconsistent treatment, delivery of inappropriate ‘maturity-related’ care and a reduced chance of gathering vital biological, clinical and treatment-related information germane to this group of patients and their tumours. These days, adolescents with brain tumours should be actively targeted for recruitment into clinical trials and admission into dedicated neuro-oncology centres or programmes that can deliver the necessary and age appropriate multidisciplinary management.