部队官兵心肺复苏急救能力的现况调查及干预研究

目的:全面了解并提高我军官兵的心肺复苏(CPR)急救能力。方法:全军范围内抽样2 200名官兵,来源于海陆空三军,现场填写调查表考核,现场多媒体教学,现场CPR技能演示,半年后随机抽查上述单位官兵600名进行复查。结果:示教前官兵CPR知识缺乏,操作不够熟练,海军战士成绩优于空军和陆军(P<0.01)。示教后官兵的CPR理论和技能成绩明显提高(P<0.01)。结论:官兵CPR知识和技能与实际要求存在较大的差距,努力提高军队CPR技能,为潜在的高科技战争做好准备有重要的现实意义。     

士兵渡海登陆作战高发病中暑、溺水、蛇咬伤或蛰伤的自救互救能力调查及干预研究

目的了解并提高士兵渡海登陆作战高发病中暑、溺水、蛇咬伤或蛰伤的自救互救能力。方法抽样来自海陆空三军的1800名士兵,现场填写调查表,现场多媒体教学及急救技能演示,半年后重复调查和考核。结果示教前士兵溺水、中暑、蛇咬伤或蛰伤的自救互救能力不足,军龄、文化程度对考核成绩无显著性影响（P〉0.05）,兵种间成绩差异显著,海军士兵成绩优于空军和陆军（P〈0.01）。干预半年后士兵考核成绩显著提高（P〈0.01）。结论士兵溺水、中暑、蛇咬伤或蛰伤的自救互救能力与实际要求存在较大的差距。提高士兵渡海作战高发病的自救互救能力,对未来高技术战争的军事准备具有重要的现实意义。     

104名骨与关节损伤舰艇官兵的心理护理研究CSCD

目的 通过对骨与关节损伤术后的舰艇官兵患者进行筛查与心理护理干预,并评估其效果,为建立有效的舰艇官兵心理护理干预策略模式提供实验依据.方法 采用事件影响量表（IES-R）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）对接受骨与关节损伤手术的104例舰艇官兵进行心理评估,以其中HAMA总分14分以上且自愿参加研究的80例患者作为研究对象,采用数字表法随机分为实施联合心理护理的实验组和实施基础护理的对照组,每组各40例.护理1周后,分别对实验组及对照组实施IES-R及HAMA测评,进行对比研究,评估联合心理护理的干预效果.结果 （1）实验组IES-R得分,干预前（44.25±3.12）与干预后（20.38±1.69）比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（2）干预后的IES-R得分,实验组（20.38 ± 1.69）与对照组（40.95 ±2.55）比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（3）实验组HAMA得分,干预前（18.62 ±2.42）与干预后（6.54±1.55）比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（4）干预后的HAMA得分,实验组（6.54±1.55）与对照组（15.28 ±1.99）比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 对骨与关节损伤的舰艇官兵实施联合心理护理干预,能够有效纠正、缓解骨与关节损伤术后的应激、焦虑,使其身心得到更好的康复,是进行心理护理干预的有效方法.     

考核期间预防训练伤

正军事训练伤是部队军事训练中的常见病和多发病,影响到部队开展军事训练进程和官兵军事素质的提高。而军事训练考核期间是训练伤的集中高发期。调查发现,军事训练考核期间的训练伤主要以骨关节肌肉损伤为主,如膝关节、踝关节的肌肉拉伤损伤等。其致伤原因主要是过分强调了训练成绩的提高,忽视了科学施训,突击式加大训练力度、训练强度;反复从事同一课目训练,     

高湿环境下患病中医症候分布调查分析

目的 初步了解高湿环境下驻训官兵患病的主要中医症状分布情况.方法 首先组织专家编制高湿环境下官兵健康状况调查问卷,采用HTC-2型数字温湿度计测量部队驻地湿度,选择驻四川省什邡市的3个部队为调查对象,在专门培训的调查员指导下,由调查部队官兵自行填写调查问卷.累计发放问卷320份,收回有效问卷312份.结果 部队驻地湿度分别为92.3%、85.7%、81.1%.近2 w内,调查官兵的湿伤肺发生率为72.5%,湿伤脾胃发生率为61.2%,湿伤肌肤发生率为69.0%,湿痹关节发生率为50.6%.来自北方的官兵湿伤肺发生率为81.8%,高于来自南方的官兵（χ2=3.771,P＜0.05）.发生率前5位湿伤肺中医症状为咽痒、鼻塞、咳嗽、流涕、胸闷;发生率前5位湿伤脾胃中医症状为食欲减少、腹胀、嗳气（反酸）、腹痛、肠鸣;发生率前5位湿伤肌肤中医症状为皮肤瘙痒、脚湿气、粉刺、湿疮、风疹块;发生率前5位湿痹关节中医症状为腰膝酸痛、颈痛、关节痛、四肢疼痛、关节活动受限.结论 高湿环境下,官兵发生率最高的是肺系疾病,来自北方的官兵湿伤肺发生率高于来自南方的官兵.     

寒区某部官兵进驻热区后皮肤病患病情况调查

目的：调查寒区某部官兵首次进驻热区后皮肤病患病情况。方法：选择寒区部队官兵200例,采用全军皮肤病统一调查表和门诊登记表,调查其进驻热区前后皮肤病患病情况,并进行比较。结果：进驻热区6个月后发生皮肤病139例,占69.5%;与进驻热区前比较,皮肤病患病率升高非常显著（P〈0.01）。进驻热区后感染性皮肤病、外因性皮肤病和心身性皮肤病患病率分别为55.0%、7.5%和7.0%。结论：应加强寒区部队官兵进驻热区后皮肤病的防治。     

某部海训官兵睡眠质量及情绪状态调查分析

目的:研究海训官兵睡眠质量、疲劳程度与情绪状态的相关关系。方法:采用随机抽样的方法选取131名进行海训演习的海军某部登陆舰艇官兵作为研究对象,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷、疲劳自觉症状调查表、焦虑自评量表以及抑郁自评量表对其进行问卷调查。结果:共发放131份问卷,回收有效问卷116份,有效回收率为88.5%。28.45%...     

预防干预对舟桥部队军事训练人员皮肤病的防治效果分析

目的 探讨降低舟桥部队指战员军事训练期间皮肤病患病率的预防干预措施.方法 对军训人员进行健康教育(包括常见皮肤病知识讲座及相关问卷调查等),同时在军训期间采取试用防蚊虫床单、试穿汉麻鞋袜等综合性干预措施,至军训结束后判定皮肤病的防治效果.结果 健康教育讲座后问卷调查及格率较讲座前明显提高(P＜0.01).发放防蚊虫床单303件,回收288件.回收率95%.统计使用3、6、10d时的防蚊虫咬效果,官兵基本满意率分别为82.3%、68.1%、62.9%,防蚊虫床单舒适度基本满意率分别为92.7%、88.8%、86.4%.在未用药的情况下,试穿汉麻鞋袜的42例足癣患者中1例痊愈,22例改善,19例无变化.结论 新型防蚊虫床单有一定的防蚊作用,汉麻鞋袜对于防治足癣也有一定的效果,适合在部队野外训练时使用.在部队中广泛开展健康教育等综合性预防干预措施可以降低军事训练人员皮肤病的患病率.     

广州地区武警官兵军事训练伤调查分析

军事训练伤一直是困扰部队训练的难题 ,其解决与否直接影响部队训练任务的安排与实施 ,在一定程度上也影响部队战斗力的提高。武警部队日常训练量和训练强度非常大 ,军事训练伤发生率较高。为此 ,作者分析总结了广州地区武警官兵训练伤的基本特点以及导致训练伤发生的相关因素 ,在此基础上提出相应的改进措施和对策。1　对象和方法　随机抽取广州地区武警官兵 1 1 3人 ,年龄 1 8～ 2 5岁。设计训练伤调查表 ,对受试对象进行问卷调查。共发放问卷1 1 3张 ,收回有效问卷 1 1 0张。有效率为 99%。2　调查结果2 .1　军事训练伤的现状　此次调查…     

依托院前急救平台提高卫勤保障能力的实践

目的:探讨依托院前急救平台增强来自地方的卫生人员卫勤保障能力的可行性。方法:采用自行设计的卫勤保障知识认知调查表,对本院来自地方的卫生人员45例在轮转急诊科前后进行调查分析,并对轮转前后5大战地救护技术及急救仪器使用操作的考核情况进行比较。结果:卫生人员在急诊科轮转训练后对各类卫勤保障知识、5项急救技能及急救仪器使用操作得分均非常显著高于轮转前(P<0.01)。结论:急诊科轮转培训是提高卫生人员卫勤保障能力的有效途径。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.