外固定架联合负压封闭引流术急诊处理严重软组织损伤的小腿骨折

目的探讨外固定架联合负压封闭引流术(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)急诊处理合并严重软组织损伤小腿骨折的效果。方法对41例严重软组织损伤小腿骨折患者均行急诊外固定架联合负压封闭引流术。其中8例合并大块皮肤软组织撕脱创面Ⅰ期打薄皮肤回植,以VSD覆盖。24例软组织缺损创面同期行VSD覆盖创面。9例骨筋膜室综合症者之减张切口亦同期以VSD覆盖。结果7~10天去除VSD,8例Ⅰ期打薄回植的皮肤绝大部分存活。24例合并软组织缺损创面均未见脓性分泌物,9例骨筋膜室综合症者患肢血运良好,Ⅱ期组织瓣移植和游离植皮均成活。随访6个月~2年,所有病例外固定架均拆除,骨折愈合,无骨髓炎、骨不连发生。结论外固定架联合负压封闭引流术对于常见的合并严重软组织损伤的小腿骨折有良好的治疗效果,能急诊同期处理骨折和软组织损伤。     

分期治疗胫腓骨远端开放骨折的疗效分析

对收治的胫腓骨远端开放骨折患者35例急诊行胫骨外固定架固定＋伤口清创缝合/伤口清创负压封闭引流（ VSD）覆盖创面,恢复胫骨长度及下肢基本力线,术后使用抗生素预防感染,伤口情况稳定后Ⅱ期拆除外固定,行胫腓骨骨折内固定治疗,术后踝关节功能锻炼。随访15～27个月（平均20个月）,伤口均无感染,6例伤口局部皮肤坏死,经清创VSD治疗均获得愈合。     

开放性植骨联合VSD在感染性胫骨骨缺损治疗中的临床应用

目的探讨开放性植骨联合负压封闭引流(VSD)在感染性胫骨骨缺损治疗中的临床疗效。方法 2012年8月~2014年6月安徽省中西医结合医院创伤骨科收治胫骨感染性骨缺损11例,男性7例,女性4例;年龄25~56岁,平均37.5岁;均为GustiloⅢ型胫骨开放性骨折伴软组织不同程度损伤。受伤原因:道路交通伤8例,重物压砸伤3例。患者入院后常规行清创骨折内外固定,出院后定期随访,患肢表现为骨折不愈合,骨坏死形成,创区反复渗液、流脓,胫骨平均缺损长度为(4.5±1.5)cm。先行感染病灶清除术,术后应用负压封闭引流(VSD)覆盖创面,待创面稳定后再行自身髂骨植骨加负压封闭引流(VSD),最后根据植骨创面大小及肉芽生长情况选择植皮或皮瓣修复术闭合创面。结果 11例患者获得随访6~24个月,平均12个月,均获得骨性愈合;术后骨折愈合时间平均6个月(4~12个月)。肉芽组织覆盖植骨区的平均时间为18d(15~35d)。11例中2例植骨区创面直接拉拢缝合,3例予以植皮手术,其余6例中随意筋膜皮瓣修复4例,皮神经营养皮瓣修复2例。所有植皮及皮瓣均成活良好。结论开放性植骨联合负压封闭引流(VSD)在感染性胫骨骨缺损治疗中操作相对简单,可有效控制创面感染,缩短骨折愈合时间,疗效肯定。     

Ilizarov骨搬移技术治疗胫骨大段骨缺损合并软组织缺损

目的 探讨Ilizarov技术Ⅰ期治疗胫骨大段骨缺损合并软组织缺损的可行性.方法 2003年9月-2010年9月收治胫骨大段骨缺损合并软组织缺损患者24例,均为胫骨开放性骨折(Gustilo Ⅲ B型20例,Gustilo Ⅲ C型4例).在患肢上安放Ilizarov外固定架.清创术后小腿胫前内侧软组织缺损10 cm×6 cm,胫骨骨缺损(8±4)cm.对15例胫骨骨缺损＜5 cm的患者使用Ⅰ期清创、腓骨截骨、胫骨缺损端加压.对9例胫骨缺损＞5 cm的患者采用Ⅰ期清创、骨运输-骨延长.对15例患者采用Ⅰ期清创,封闭创面或缩小创面、骨搬移,Ⅱ期清理皮肤嵌顿及清理骨折端.结果 所有患者随访10～24个月,平均14个月.骨缺损均得以重建,患肢肢体长度与健侧之差＜2 cm,骨折愈合,创面均闭合.1例术后出现腓总神经麻痹,术后3个月恢复.19例未通过额外手术进行修复.3例通过游离皮片植皮成活,2例通过局部旋转皮瓣修复覆盖创面.结论 Ⅰ期使用Ilizarov外固定架进行骨搬移肢体是治疗胫骨骨缺损合并软组织缺损的有效方法.     

外固定架结合负压封闭引流治疗复杂Pilon骨折

应用外固定架结合负压封闭引流（VSD）治疗复杂Pilon骨折26例。术后因皮肤缺损、皮肤张力大,应用VSD修复外露创面。经过治疗后,植皮和皮瓣转移全部成活。     

封闭负压引流治疗腕部开放性骨折合并软组织缺损

目的评价应用封闭负压引流(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)治疗腕部开放性骨折合并软组织缺损的临床效果。方法16例腕部开放性骨折合并软组织缺损,经清创、骨折复位固定,肌腱、神经、血管修复后,用VSD治疗创面1~2次,再Ⅱ期皮片移植或皮瓣转移修复。结果所有病例无骨筋膜室综合征发生,合并的缺损创面肉芽组织生长良好,细菌培养阴性,皮片移植和皮瓣修复后创面均愈合,骨折全部愈合,腕关节功能优良率87%。结论用VSD治疗腕部开放性骨折合并软组织缺损,能预防骨筋膜室综合征的发生,降低创面感染的风险,促进创面修复,获得较好的腕关节功能,值得临床应用推广。     

交锁髓内钉联合负压封闭引流治疗胫骨干开放性骨折

目的探讨交锁髓内钉联合负压封闭引流（VSD）治疗胫骨干开放性骨折的疗效。方法我科自2008年1月～2011年3月运用磁力导航胫骨交锁髓内钉联合内置多侧孔硅胶管冲洗管负压封闭引流材料治疗GustiloⅡ型、Ⅲa型、Ⅲb型胫骨干开放性骨折33例,5～7d更换护创材料,创面肉芽新鲜后Ⅱ期缝合、游离植皮或组织瓣移植术修复皮肤缺损。结果 33例中29例Ⅰ期愈合1,例老年患者因合并糖尿病,血糖控制不佳发生迟发性骨髓炎2,例延迟愈合,1例骨不连。15例GustiloⅢb型皮肤缺损行皮瓣转移术修复,10例GustiloⅢa型行植皮治疗,8例GustiloⅡ型经换药后创面愈合。结论在彻底清创无高危因素的前提下,联合应用交锁髓内钉与负压封闭引流治疗GustiloⅢb以下型胫骨干开放性骨折是一种安全、有效的方法。     

Ⅰ期内固定与外固定支架治疗胫骨GustiloⅢA型开放性骨折的对照研究

目的 探讨GustiloⅢA型胫骨开放性骨折的治疗方法及临床疗效.方法 对2008年1月~2011年1月我院收治并获得随访资料的55例GustiloⅢA型胫骨开放性骨折进行回顾性分析,其中A组27例采用清创,Ⅰ期应用非扩髓带锁髓内钉或锁定接骨板内固定,伤口深部置管冲洗,创面用负压封闭引流(VSD)材料封闭,持续负压引流...     

负压封闭引流技术在Gustilo ⅢB型损伤中的应用

应用负压封闭引流(VSD)技术结合有限内固定和(或)外固定支架固定,Ⅱ期游离植皮或皮瓣转移修复创面,治疗16例Gustilo ⅢB型损伤,结果 22～34d创面获得愈合,3～6个月骨折愈合。     

小腿局部组织感染性缺损的临床分型及治疗选择

目的探讨小腿局部组织感染性缺损的临床分型与治疗选择。方法 2004年2月～2009年12月我院收治了386例小腿局部组织感染性缺损的病例,根据组织缺损的程度及范围将其分为Ⅲ型二度。单纯皮肤软组织缺损与感染为Ⅰ型;同时伴有胫骨骨折及(或)肌腱、神经断裂为Ⅱ型;同时伴有胫骨缺损为Ⅲ型。胫骨及(或)肌腱、血管、神经暴露的面积5 cm×5 cm为一度;5 cm×5 cm为二度。Ⅰ、Ⅱ型一度:负压封闭引流(VSD)技术加植皮术治疗;Ⅰ、Ⅱ型二度:VSD加皮瓣修复技术治疗;Ⅲ型:骨搬移技术治疗。结果全组病例均获临床治愈,其中Ⅰ型二度69例,7例皮瓣边缘坏死,4例感染复发形成窦道,经换药后治愈;Ⅱ型一度71例,15例创面肉芽生长慢,改用皮瓣转移后治愈;Ⅱ型二度54例,9例感染复发窦道形成,3例经换药治疗后痊愈,6例感染不能控制,经骨搬移治疗后痊愈;Ⅲ型97例,3例局部骨感染复发,经再次清创截骨延长后治愈,3例骨延长区骨痂形成不全,经植骨后治愈。结论小腿局部组织感染性缺损的分型有利于指导临床选择合理有效的治疗方法。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

人体中的镭-226、镭-228、钋-210、铅-210

本文报道了广东阳江高本底地区6名、对照地区8名人尸体的骨²²⁶Ra、²²⁶Ra的浓度以及部分居民内脏器官中。²¹⁰Po、²¹⁰Pb的浓度。结果轰明阳江高本底地区和对照地区居民骨镭-226、镭-228的浓度分别为29.9pCi/kg, 26.9pCi/kgl 8.7pCi/kg, 8.2pCi/kg.由此估算出阳江高本底地区屠民骨中²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra的负薄璧及对骨衬、骨髓所产生的剂量当量分别为对照地区民民的3.4倍, 3.3倍。两地区居民内脏器官中^{210Po、210Pb的测定分析铡数较少但仍看出, 高本底地区均明显高于对照地区.}     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).