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Visualization and measurement of functional activity throughout the human brain has been made possible by position emission tomography (PET) using tracers, the accumulation of which in the various regions of the brain are functions of regional blood flow or energy metabolism. Certain principles and mathematical expressions describing the exchange of diffusible, nonmetabolized substances between capillary and brain, published nearly 40 years ago, have been useful in this development. 相似文献
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Michael E. Mulligan 《Current problems in diagnostic radiology》2019,48(3):262-273
Enchondromas are among the most common benign tumors seen in the skeleton. They are encountered frequently in routine clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to help radiologists confidently diagnose enchondroma and distinguish it from other entities, such as bone infarct, bone graft, and low-grade chondrosarcoma. 相似文献
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Megan E. Speer Beatriz E. Adrada Elsa M. Arribas Kenneth R. Hess Lavinia P. Middleton Gary J. Whitman 《Current problems in diagnostic radiology》2019,48(4):348-352
OBJECTIVETo describe the clinical, imaging, and histopathologic findings of intracystic papillary carcinoma (IPC) of the breast.MATERIALS AND METHODSFollowing institutional review board approval, a database at a single institution was searched to identify cases of patients who received a diagnosis of IPC from 1999-2013 and who had undergone preoperative imaging with mammography, sonography, or MRI. The clinical, mammographic, sonographic, and MRI features of IPC were compared and analyzed using the BI-RADS mammography, ultrasound, and MRI lexicons.RESULTSThe study sample included 40 patients, 36 females and 4 males. The most common clinical presentation was a palpable mass. Mammographic data was assessed in 31 patients. A tumor was mammographically occult in one patient. The predominant features were oval shape of 17 tumors (57%), obscured margins of 12 (40%), and high density of 20 (67%). Ultrasound data of 37 patients revealed 20 oval masses, 13 irregular masses, and 4 round masses. Fourteen complex solid and cystic masses were identified. One patient underwent MRI that showed a complex, enhancing mass with washout kinetics. Ultrasound guided biopsy was performed on 33 of the 37 masses. Core needle biopsy and fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy were most commonly performed on the solid components of the complex solid and cystic masses. IPC was diagnosed by stereotactic biopsy in 1 patient with a suspicious mass on mammography with no correlate on sonography and 6 patients had surgical excision without imaging-guided biopsy.Pathology showed in situ IPC in 31/40 tumors and 11 were solid and cystic complex masses on ultrasound. Pathology revealed invasive IPC in 9 tumors and five had an irregular mass on ultrasound.CONCLUSIONOur study reveals no specific imaging features to differentiate in situ vs invasive IPC. The most common ultrasound feature in biopsy proven IPC was an oval mass, however, we identified that a complex solid and cystic mass is more often associated with the diagnosis of in situ IPC and an irregular mass is more often associated with the diagnosis of invasive IPC. Future studies with larger cohorts are needed to further define the clinical and imaging features of this rare malignancy. 相似文献
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Sonia L. Betancourt Cuellar Diana Palacio Marcelo F. Benveniste Brett W. Carter Gregory Gladish 《Current problems in diagnostic radiology》2019,48(2):172-183
Positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) with 2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) has been established as an effective modality for evaluation of cancer. Interpretations of patterns of physiologic 18F-FDG uptake by the heart is particularly difficult given the wide normal variations of 18F-FDG metabolic activity observed. Atypical patterns of focal or diffuse physiologic cardiac 18F-FDG uptake and post-therapeutic effects after radiation therapy, systemic diseases, or cardiomyopathy may also be confused with malignant disease on 18F-FDG PET/CT. In this article, we review the variations of normal cardiac 18F-FDG uptake observed in oncology patients and the appearances of other patterns of pathologic metabolic activity, related or not related to the malignancy being investigated, that may lead to false-negative and false-positive results. 相似文献
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D L Roback 《Clinical radiology》1979,30(3):311-312
The author describes his technique for elbow arthrography. Linear tomography is advocated as a useful supplemental technique in both single and double contrast examinations. 相似文献
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Lumarie Santiago Gary Whitman Cuiyan Wang Basak E. Dogan 《Current problems in diagnostic radiology》2018,47(5):305-310