丹参注射液对硫唑嘌呤大鼠肝损伤的保护作用

大鼠ipAza15mg/(kg·d)(Ⅰ组)及合用丹参8g/(kg·d)(Ⅱ组).观察血清肝功能指标及MDA、全血GSH的变化。结果1周和2周时Ⅰ组ALT,AKP,MDA均明显升高,ALB.GSH明显降低;Ⅱ组接近正常对照组水平。表明丹参对Aza的肝损伤有保护作用。     

Grape seed extract treatment reduces hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

This study was designed to determine the possible protective effect of grape seed extract (GSE), a widely used antioxidant dietary supplement, on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Wistar albino rats were subjected to 45 min of hepatic ischemia, followed by a 60 min reperfusion period. GSE was administered in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day orally for 15 days before I/R injury and repeated before the reperfusion period. Liver samples were taken for histological examination or determination of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined to assess liver functions. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta) were also assayed in serum samples for the evaluation of generalized tissue damage. Ischemia/reperfusion caused a significant decrease in hepatic GSH, and significant increases in MDA level, and MPO activity. Serum AST and ALT levels, as well as LDH activity and plasma TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels were also elevated in the I/R group. Treatment with GSE reversed all these biochemical parameters as well as histological alterations induced by I/R. In conclusion, GSE reduced I/R-induced organ injury through its ability to balance the oxidant-antioxidant status, to inhibit neutrophil infiltration and to regulate the release of inflammatory mediators.     

亚麻子提取物对D-半乳糖胺致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:探索亚麻子水提物和醇提物对D-半乳糖胺致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:采用D-半乳糖胺建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型。将90只小鼠分为9组,分别为空白组、模型组、联苯双酯滴丸组、亚麻子水提物和醇提物的低、中、高各3个剂量组。空白组和模型组每天ig等体积的生理盐水,其他各组按相应药物剂量每天ig1次,共10 d。第9天ig 12 h后,按600 mg·kg-1ip 10%D-半乳糖胺溶液进行造模。末次给药24 h后取小鼠眼球血,测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT),天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性,测定肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)的含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量。取肝脏称重计肝指数,并切片,做HE染色,光镜观察肝脏病理组织学变化。结果:与正常组比较,模型组显著升高ALT,AST,MDA水平(P0.05,P0.01),降低SOD,GSH活性(P0.01),肝组织结构不清,肝细胞溶解坏死明显;与模型组比较,亚麻子水提物(高剂量组)和亚麻子醇提物(低剂量组)可增高血清中SOD活性(P0.05),降低MDA水平(P0.01),亚麻子治疗组均降低血清ALT,AST,降低肝指数,均有改善肝组织结构,减少肝细胞坏死数量,有肝细胞再生,高剂量组改善较明显。结论:亚麻子提取物对D-半乳糖胺致小鼠急性肝损伤有一定的保护作用。     

Honokiol attenuates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting hepatic CYP1A2 activity and improving liver mitochondrial dysfunctionOA

Objective: Acetaminophen(APAP) overdose is a common cause of liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of honokiol(Hon) against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and its potential mechanism.Methods: C57BL/6 mice were administrated with Hon(10 and 30 mg/kg) after APAP(300 mg/kg) treatment. On 1.5 h and 5 h after Hon treatment, mice were sacrificed. Serum and liver were collected. And then, liver injury-related indexes, APAP metabolism-related indexes, mitochondrial respiratory...     

肝纤康对大鼠肝纤维化的抑制作用及其机制研究

目的观察肝纤康对CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的影响并探讨其可能机制。方法用CCl4复制大鼠肝纤维化模型,同时予以肝纤康灌胃治疗,测定血清ALT、MDA、HA、LM及肝组织GSH、Hyp含量,并观察肝组织病理变化。结果模型组血清ALT、MDA、HA、LM及肝组织Hyp含量显著升高,肝组织GSH含量显著降低,肝纤维化病变明显;肝纤康治疗组血清ALT、MDA、HA、LM及肝组织Hyp含量明显降低,肝组织GSH含量明显升高,肝纤维化病变明显减轻。结论肝纤康对大鼠肝纤维化具有明显抑制作用,其机制可能与减轻肝细胞脂质过氧化损伤,减少细胞外基质在肝组织沉积有关。     

Folic Acid and Grape Seed Extract Prevent Azathioprine‐induced Fetal Malformations and Renal Toxicity in Rats

Azathioprine (AZA) is an important drug commonly used in the therapy of the autoimmune system disorders. It induces many hazard effects that restrict its use. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of AZA on the fetal development and renal function and its co‐administration with either folic acid (FA) or grape seed extract (GSE). The effects of administration of GSE or FA on AZA toxicity by gavage simultaneously for 4 weeks were studied by determining the changes in kidney histology, the glutathione level (GSH), and lipid per oxidation content as malondialdehyde in the kidney tissue. Additionally, their effects on the fetal development were investigated. Azathioprine induced a renal damage as indicated from the pronounced changes in histological structure, a significant increase in serum urea and creatinine, and malondialdehyde content in the kidney tissue. Meanwhile, the GSH activity was significantly decreased. Co‐treatment with GSE significantly minimized the previously mentioned hazard effects of AZA by ameliorating the antioxidant activity. At this point, FA induced a nonsignificant protective activity. The results also revealed that administration of FA or GSE at 6th to 15th day of gestation did not altered fetal development. While, AZA administration clearly disturbed fetal development as indicated from a significant decrease in fetal weights. Furthermore, co‐administration of both drugs significantly minimized similarly the hazards of AZA on the fetal development. It may be concluded that GSE and FA are a useful remedies. Maternal administrations of either both are protective agents against AZA‐induced fetal malformations. Grape seed extract was more active than FA in potentiating the antioxidative defenses for controlling AZA‐induced oxidative renal damages. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

黄芩苷元对小鼠四氯化碳肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨黄芩苷元对小鼠CCl4肝损伤的保护作用。方法采用CCl4小鼠急性肝损伤模型,测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、肝组织MDA含量,并观察肝组织病理变化。结果黄芩苷元能保护CCl4所致小鼠肝损伤,表现为血清ALT,AST活力和肝脏MDA含量下降,同时其肝脏病变较模型组为轻。结论黄芩苷元对CCl4所致小鼠肝损伤具有保护作用。     

不同柴胡组分对大鼠肝毒性与氧化损伤机制影响的研究

目的：比较柴胡不同组分对大鼠肝毒性损伤程度和氧化损伤机制的影响。方法：给大鼠灌胃柴胡醇提和水提组分,柴胡醇提和水提组分按等生药量计算,高、中、低剂量组分别为10.0,5.0,2.5 g·kg^-1,30 d后观察一般状况,检测肝功相关指标、血中总巯基(-SH)、血和肝组织内丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的含量和活性。结果：醇提和水提柴胡组分均可导致血中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性增高,肝脏质量增加、肝体比值增大,血中总-SH含量降低,血和肝组织内MDA含量增加,GSH含量降低,SOD和GSH-Px的活性下降;上述变化随剂量增加而逐渐加重,与蒸馏水对照组相比有明显差异。结论：柴胡不同组分均可导致大鼠肝毒性损伤,其途径与过氧化损伤机制有关;且醇提组分的肝毒性损伤程度高于水提组分。     

Hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of Flemingia macrophylla on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats through anti-oxidative activities

This study investigated the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Flemingia macrophylla (AFM) against hepatic injury induced by CCl(4). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected as biomarkers in the blood to indicate hepatic injury. Product of lipid peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were evaluated for oxidative stress in hepatic injury. Moreover, histopathological observation was assayed for the degree of hepatic injury. After oral administration of AFM, 0.5 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg doses significantly decreased ALT and AST, attenuated the histopathology of hepatic injury, ameliorated oxidative stress in hepatic tissue, and increased the activities of CAT, SOD and GSH-Px. The hepatoprotective effect of daidzein and genistein were consistent to that of AFM. This study demonstrated for the first time that AFM has hepatoprotective effect on acute liver injuries induced by CCl(4), and the results suggested that the effect of AFM against CCl(4)-induced liver damage was related to antioxidant properties.     

黄芩与黄柏协同保护黄药子致肝毒性的实验研究

黄药子是临床常用中药之一,临床作用广泛,但是黄药子有毒,容易引起药源性肝损伤。观察黄芩、黄柏及其配伍与黄药子合用时,对黄药子所致肝毒性的缓解作用。该实验采用SD雌性大鼠,黄药子9 g·kg-1连续灌胃28 d造成肝毒性模型,观察各组大鼠肝脏组织学,评估转氨酶及抗氧化酶的活性。形态学和生化指标评估表明,黄药子致大鼠肝毒性模型成功,肝细胞溶解、肿胀、脂肪变性,间隙有炎性细胞,肝组织可见局部点状、片状水肿变性,部分坏死。肝功能相关指标(ALT,AST,ALP)显著升高,具有显著差异(P0.05或P0.01)。黄芩、黄柏及其配伍对黄药子引起的肝毒性具有保护作用,其中黄芩配伍黄柏对黄药子引起的肝毒性产生强大的保护作用。能使血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),肝组织MDA含量显著降低(P0.001)和GSH含量显著提高(P0.001),肝组织细胞的病变程度得到明显改善。黄芩和黄柏及其配伍是通过提高肝脏的GSH和抗氧化水平,降低血清ALT,ALP和AST水平,减轻肝组织细胞的损伤,达到保肝的效果。     

重楼对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的:探讨重楼醇提物和水提物对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:小鼠随机分为9组,分别每天给予不同剂量的药物:重楼醇提物高、中、低剂量组(3.9、2.6、1.3 g/kg)、水提组的高、中、低剂量组(7.2、4.8、2.4g/kg)和联苯双酯(0.15 g/kg),正常组和模型组给予生理盐水。7d后,除正常对照组外各组小鼠腹腔注射0.1%CCl4制备急性肝损伤模型,16h后取血检测血清ALT、AST活性;测定肝组织匀浆中MDA含量和SOD、GSH的活性及观察肝脏病理学变化。结果:醇提组高剂量(3.9g/kg)和水提物高、中、低剂量(7.2、4.8、2.4g/kg)组均能降低CCl4所致急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性(P<0.01,P<0.05),降低肝脏MDA的含量、增强SOD和GSH活力(P<0.01,P<0.05),并能明显改善肝组织的病理学损伤。结论:重楼水提物对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有较好保护作用。     

不同柴胡组分对大鼠肝毒性与氧化损伤机制影响的研究

目的:比较柴胡不同组分对大鼠肝毒性损伤程度和氧化损伤机制的影响.方法:给大鼠灌胃柴胡醇提和水提组分,柴胡醇提和水提组分按等生药量计算,高、中、低剂量组分别为10.0,5.0,2.5 g·kg~(-1),30 d后观察一般状况,检测肝功相关指标、血中总巯基(-SH)、血和肝组织内丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的含量和活性.结果:醇提和水提柴胡组分均可导致血中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性增高,肝脏质量增加、肝体比值增大,血中总-SH含量降低,血和肝组织内MDA含量增加,GSH含量降低,SOD和GSH-Px活性下降;上述变化随剂量增加而逐渐加重,与蒸馏水对照组相比有明显差异.结论:柴胡不同组分均可导致大鼠肝毒性损伤,其途径与过氧化损伤机制有关;且醇提组分的肝毒性损伤程度高于水提组分.     

柴胡总皂苷粗提物致大鼠肝毒性及氧化损伤机制相关性研究

目的:观察长期、大量给予柴胡总皂苷粗提物导致大鼠肝毒性损伤程度及与氧化损伤机制的相关性。方法:按45 d毒性试验方法,给大鼠灌胃柴胡总皂苷粗提物,按柴胡总皂苷计算,高、中、低剂量组分别为100,50,10 mg.kg-1,45 d后观察一般状况,检测肝功能相关指标,检测血和肝组织内脂质代谢情况、糖代谢、胆红素(TBIL)水平和肝组织病理检查;检测血中总巯基(-SH)的量和血、肝组织内丙二醛(MDA)水平、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的量和活性。结果:柴胡总皂苷粗提物可导致血中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性增高,肝脏重量和肝体比值增大,血和肝内TG含量增加,对血中胆固醇(CHO)和肝内糖原(Gn)影响不明显,仅高剂量组对TBIL有影响;病理组织学检查可见肝细胞损伤。可导致血中总-SH的量增加;血和肝内MDA水平、GSH含量增加,SOD,GSH-Px活性下降。上述变化随剂量的增加而逐渐加重,与蒸馏水对照组比较有明显差异。结论:柴胡总皂苷粗提物可导致大鼠明显的肝毒性损伤,其损伤途径与氧化损伤机制有关。     

Ameliorative effects of pycnogenol on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic oxidative damage in rats

This study evaluated the putative antioxidant activity of Pycnogenol (PYC) against CCl4-induced hepatic oxidative damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. A single oral dose of CCl4 (1.25 mL/kg) produced significantly increased levels of serum aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. In addition, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and decreased catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were observed in the hepatic tissues. However, concomitant administration with PYC (10 or 20 mg/kg) significantly improved CCl4-induced hepatic injury, as evidenced by the decline of serum AST and ALT activities in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, PYC reduced MDA concentration and increased GSH levels and catalase, SOD and GST activities in hepatic tissues, indicating that concomitant administration with PYC efficiently prevent the CCl4-induced oxidative damage in rats. The free radical scavenging assay showed that PYC has a dose-dependent scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. These results indicate that PYC has an antioxidant effect against CCl4-induced hepatic oxidative damage and is useful as a hepatoprotective agent against various liver diseases induced by oxidative stress.     

叶黄素对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨叶黄素(LU)预处理对酒精所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:将48只小鼠随机分为4组:对照组、酒精组、20mg/kg及40mg/kg叶黄素预处理组。小鼠连续灌胃LU 8d,第4d给予LU l h后灌胃56度红星二锅头12ml/kg。连续灌胃酒精5d。在末次给药后24h采血,测定血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)。采血后处死动物,剖取肝脏,测定肝脏系数、肝匀浆丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,同时观察肝组织病理结构。结果:模型组小鼠血清ALT、AST活性明显高于对照组,肝组织匀浆中MDA含量显著增加,而GSH含量及SOD活性显著下降。给予叶黄素20mg/kg及40mg/kg均可降低肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性,而40mg/kg叶黄素还可降低肝组织匀浆MDA水平,提高GSH含量及SOD活性,并可改善酒精损伤大鼠肝病理组织结构。结论:叶黄素可通过抗氧化作用减轻酒精诱导的小鼠肝损伤。     

4-羟基苯并恶唑-2-酮对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究4-羟基苯并恶唑-2-酮(4-hydroxy-2-benzoxazolone,简称HBOA)对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,并探讨其疗效机制。方法采用腹腔注射四氯化碳(Carbon tetrachloride,CCl4)制备小鼠急性肝损伤模型,HBOA灌胃给药,检测小鼠血清中的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性以及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,观察光镜下肝组织的病理变化。结果 HBOA能明显降低CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性,同时升高肝组织中SOD、GSH的活性,降低肝组织MDA的含量;减轻肝组织坏死程度。结论 HBOA对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤有一定的保护作用,其保护机制可能与其抗脂质过氧化有关。     

黑木耳多糖对梗阻性黄疸大鼠肝内SOD、NF-κB的影响

目的检测超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力及核因子-κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)在肝脏中的表达,探讨黑木耳提取物对梗阻性黄疸大鼠肝脏损害中的作用。方法 Wistar大鼠30只,随机抽取10只为假手术组,给予生理盐水灌胃,其余大鼠用胆总管结扎横断法制作大鼠梗阻性黄疸动物模型,将造模大鼠分为梗阻性黄疸组(模型组)、黑木耳多糖组,分别给予生理盐水及黑木耳多糖灌胃干预。14天后检测血清总胆红素(total bilirubin,TB)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)和谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT),肝脏组织匀浆后检测组织中SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)活力,以免疫组织化学方法检测NF-κB(核转录因子κB)在肝脏中的表达。结果与假手术组比较,模型组血清TB、AST、ALT及肝组织NF-κB表达明显增高,肝组织SOD活力明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,黑木耳提取物组TB、AST、ALT及肝组织NF-κB表达明显降低(P<0.05),肝组织SOD活力虽有升高但无差异。补充黑木耳多糖组与假手术组的比较,有无统计学差异。结论黑木耳提取物对梗阻性黄疸引起的肝功能损害有一定保护作用,且对炎症的控制作用要优于对氧化应激的控制作用。     

委陵菜对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤保护作用

目的 :研究委陵菜对四氯化碳 (CCl4)致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 :用委陵菜给小鼠灌胃 7天 ,观察对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤所引起血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转免酶升高、肝脂质过氧化物含量的影响。结果 :委陵菜能明显降低模型组的血清转氨酶、肝脂质过氧化物含量。结论 :委陵菜对小鼠肝脏的化学损伤有保护作用