Evaluation of computer-aided detection and dual energy software in detection of peripheral pulmonary embolism on dual-energy pulmonary CT angiography

Purpose  

To evaluate the sensitivity of computer-aided detection(CAD) and dual-energy software(‘Lung PBV’, ‘Lung Vessels’) for detecting peripheral pulmonary embolism(PE).     

Diuretic renography in hydronephrosis: renal tissue tracer transit predicts functional course and thereby need for surgery

Purpose  

The recognition of those hydronephrotic kidneys which require therapy to preserve renal function remains difficult. We retrospectively compared the ‘tissue tracer transit’ (TTT) of ^99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (^99mTc-MAG₃) with ‘response to furosemide stimulation’ (RFS) and with ‘single kidney function < 40%’ (SKF < 40%) to predict functional course and thereby need for surgery.     

Increased anterior pelvic tilt in patients with acetabular retroversion compared to the general population: A radiographic and prevalence study

IntroductionThe prevalence of acetabular retroversion is sparsely investigated. It may be associated with increased anterior pelvic tilt. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients with symptomatic and radiographically verified acetabular retroversion demonstrated increased anterior pelvic tilt compared to a control group, and furthermore to evaluate the prevalence of acetabular retroversion in the general population.MethodsAnteroposterior pelvic radiographs in standing position of 111 patients with acetabular retroversion prior to anteverting periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) and 132 matched controls from the general Danish population were assessed. Pelvic tilt was assessed by the sacrococcygeal joint–symphysis distance and pelvic-tilt-ratio. Acetabular retroversion was defined as positive cross-over sign and posterior wall sign. Prior to assessments, interrater reliability analysis was performed. Measurements were agreed by two independent assessors. A nonparametric regression model was used to test between-group differences in median pelvic tilt. The prevalence was calculated as the ratio of subjects and hips with acetabular retroversion, respectively.ResultsThe patient group had significantly larger median anterior pelvic tilt of 14.3 mm in sacrococcygeal joint–symphysis distance and ?0.08 in pelvic-tilt-ratio, compared to controls. The prevalence of subjects in the general population with either unilateral or bilateral acetabular retroversion was 24% and 18% for all hips.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that patients with symptomatic acetabular retroversion have increased anterior pelvic tilt compared to the general population. Radiographic sign of acetabular retroversion was highly prevalent in the general population.Implication for practiceIncreased anterior pelvic tilt should be considered when diagnosing and treating patients with hip pain, as symptoms may be related to the functional position of the pelvis and not necessarily solely come from the radiographic verified acetabular retroversion.     

Twenty-degree-tilt radiography for evaluation of lateral humeral condylar fracture in children

Objective  

To investigate the efficacy of ‘20°-tilt anteroposterior (A-P) radiography’ in the assessment of lateral condylar fractures of the distal humerus.     

Magnetic resonance diagnosis of posterior horn tears of the lateral meniscus using a thin axial plane: the zip sign��a preliminary study

Objective  

The “zip” sign is a newly described form of meniscal tear progressing from the distal insertion of menisco-femoral ligaments (MFLs) through the lateral meniscal wall; the tear occurs during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the zip sign on knee MRI within the context of ACL injuries.     

Evaluation of subsidence, chondrocyte survival and graft incorporation following autologous osteochondral transplantation

Purpose  

The aim of this study was to evaluate subsidence tendency, surface congruency, chondrocyte survival and plug incorporation after osteochondral transplantation in an animal model. The potential benefit of precise seating of the transplanted osteochondral plug on the recipient subchondral host bone (‘bottoming’) on these parameters was assessed in particular.     

Correlated regions of cerebral blood flow with clinical parameters in Parkinson’s disease; comparison using ‘Anatomy’ and ‘Talairach Daemon’ software

Objectives  

We assign the anatomical names of functional activation regions in the brain, based on the probabilistic cyto-architectonic atlas by Anatomy 1.7 from an analysis of correlations between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and clinical parameters of the non-demented Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients by SPM8. We evaluated Anatomy 1.7 of SPM toolbox compared to ‘Talairach Daemon’ (TD) Client 2.4.2 software.     

Evaluation of dynamic row-action maximum likelihood algorithm reconstruction for quantitative 15O brain PET

Objective  

A modified version of row-action maximum likelihood algorithm (RAMLA) using a ‘subset-dependent’ relaxation parameter for noise suppression, or dynamic RAMLA (DRAMA), has been proposed. The aim of this study was to assess the capability of DRAMA reconstruction for quantitative ¹⁵O brain positron emission tomography (PET).     

Hyperdense basilar artery sign—a reliable sign of basilar artery occlusion

Introduction  

We aimed to investigate the value of the hyperdense basilar artery (HBA) sign and of basilar artery (BA) attenuation measurements as predictors of basilar artery occlusion (BAO) on nonenhanced cranial CT (NECT).     

Administration de courte durée de prednisolone et sécrétion d'érythropoïétine

Introduction

The aim of the study is to assess the effects of a short-term therapeutical prednisolone intake on erythropoietin (EPO) secretion.

Synthesis

We studied, according to a double-blind, randomized cross-over protocol, the effects of a 7 day prednisolone intake (60 mg/day) in 10 healthy male subjects on hematocrit, EPO and hemoglobin concentrations. No significant change was found between the treatments (prednisolone/placebo) in the parameters investigated.

Conclusion

In view of the results obtained, short-term therapeutic glucocorticoid intake did not induce any enhancement of erythropoiesis via EPO stimulation that can result in ergogenic advantage during submaximal exercise.     

Step and shoot coronary CT angiography using 256-slice CT: effect of heart rate and heart rate variability on image quality

Objective  

To evaluate the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) on intra-image “motion” and inter-image “stairstep” artefacts in step-and-shoot coronary CT angiography (CCTA) using a wide detector CT scanner.     

A clinical sign to detect root avulsions of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus

Purpose  

The goal of the present report was to describe a new clinical sign to make a clinical diagnosis of meniscal extrusion related to medial meniscal root avulsion.     

Hyperdense basilar artery sign diagnoses acute posterior circulation stroke and predicts short-term outcome

Introduction  

It is well established that the hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign is a specific marker for early ischemia in anterior circulation. However, little is known about the hyperdense basilar artery sign (HDBA) in posterior circulation. Our aim was to determine whether the HDBA sign has utility in early diagnosis of acute posterior circulation stroke and prediction of short-term outcome.     

Contribution of the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI to Dynamic MRI in the detection of hypovascular small (≤ 2 cm) HCC in cirrhosis

Objective  

To prospectively assess the additional value of the hepatobiliary (HB) phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRI in identifying and characterising small (≤2 cm) hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) undetermined in dynamic phases alone because of their atypical features, according to the AASLD criteria.     

Pipeline embolization device (PED) for neurovascular reconstruction: initial experience in the treatment of 101 intracranial aneurysms and dissections

Introduction  

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the recently available flow diverter “pipeline embolization device” (PED) for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms and dissections.     

Myocardial imaging with <Superscript>99m</Superscript>Tc-Tetrofosmin: Influence of post-stress acquisition time,regional radiotracer uptake,and wall motion abnormalities on the clinical result

Background  

We previously demonstrated that early (15′, T1) post-stress myocardial imaging with Tetrofosmin could be more accurate than standard acquisitions (45′, T2) in identifying coronary artery disease.     

Use of the V-sign in the diagnosis of bucket-handle meniscal tear of the knee

Objective  

Bucket-handle tear is a displaced vertical longitudinal tear of the meniscus. Several signs of the tear have been described on MRI but none in the axial plane. We propose to describe such a sign named the V-sign that is seen at the junction of the displaced fragment and the meniscus, which is in place.     

Systematic review: Bias in imaging studies - the effect of manipulating clinical context,recall bias and reporting intensity

Objectives  

To perform a systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy studies which manipulate or investigate the context of interpretation. In particular, those which modify or conceal sample characteristics (e.g. disease prevalence or reporting intensity) or research setting (“laboratory” versus “field”). We also investigated recall bias.     

Contrast-fluid level in the inferior vena cava (IVC niveau sign) in patients with acute type A aortic dissection: computed tomography findings during acute cardiac tamponade

Purpose  

The purpose of this study was to report a new computed tomography (CT) finding in acute cardiac tamponade: a contrast-fluid level in the hepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) during an arterial dominant phase CT study (IVC niveau sign) in patients with acute type A aortic dissection.     

Noninvasive monitoring the biology of atherosclerotic plaque development with radiolabeled annexin V and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor in spontaneous atherosclerotic mice

Objectives  

To compare the ability of ^99mTc-labeled broad-based matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (RP805) (MPI) and ^99mTc-annexin V to identify more advanced atherosclerotic disease in apolipoprotein E-null (apoE^−/−) mice.