色谱联用技术在中药研究领域的应用

中药现代化离不开现代、高效的分离、分析技术。现代分析技术的发展，尤其是色谱联用技术的出现加快了中药研发的步伐。该技术具有所需样品量少、速度快等特点，且可得到更多信息。目前，正处于快速发展阶段并广泛应用的色谱联用技术包括气相色谱-质谱联用（GC—MS）、液相色谱质谱联用（LC—MS）、高效液相-核磁共振仪联用（HPLCNMR）、毛细管电泳-核磁共振仪联用（CE—NMR）、液相色谱-质谱／质谱联用（LC一／MS／MS）、液相色谱-核磁-质谱联用（LC—NMR—MS）、毛细管电泳-质谱联用（CEMS）等，本就其在中药研究领域的应用作一简要综述。     

灵芝成分测定方法研究进展

随着检测技术不断发展,灵芝有效成分的测定方法也不断更新和完善.本文根据灵芝活性成分的不同,分几个方面对其检测技术的应用进展情况做一综述.检测方法主要有近红外光谱和化学计量学方法、高效液相色谱指纹图谱法、高效液相色谱-电喷雾-质谱(HPLC-ESI-MS)法,荧光光谱法、MALDI-TOF-MS、苯酚-硫酸比色法、紫外分光光度法、柱前衍生化-HPLC法、氨基酸分析法、氢化物-原子荧光光谱法、毛细管电泳-质谱联用法、超高效液相色谱-串联质、气相色谱分析-质谱法分析、质谱和核磁共振方法、LC-QTOF-MS飞行时间质谱法、超高效液相色谱单四极质谱以及多项检测技术的联合应用等.     

中药制剂中非法掺入化学药物的研究近况

目的：近年来中药制剂中非法添加功效相似的化学药物时有发生，目前从中鉴别检查化学药物的方法主要有：薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法、液相色谱-质谱联用法、高效毛细管电泳法、红外光谱法，这些研究为制定相应的技术检验标准提供了依据。     

抗生素的分析方法简介

对常用抗生素的分析方法进行评述,其中包括微生物检定法、薄层色谱法、高效毛细管电泳法、高效液相色谱法、紫外分光光度法、液相色谱-质谱联用。     

蛋白质一级结构测定的新进展

对蛋白质一级结构测定技术的发展作了简要回顾，同时介绍一些新技术如微柱高效液相色谱、无孔层析短柱、毛细管液相色谱、毛细管电泳、电喷雾电离（ESI）和基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间（MALDI-TOF）质谱在蛋白质一级结构测定中的应用。     

基因工程药物质量控制中仪器分析法的应用进展

此文讨论了基因工程药物的质量控制要点;综述了高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法、质谱法在基因工程药物质量分析中的应用进展,指出质谱及其联用技术的应用将是今后主要的发展方向     

利福霉素类抗生素分析方法研究进展

本文对近15年来利福霉素类抗生素分析方法的研究进展进行了评述,其中包括薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法、近红外漫反射光谱法、化学发光法、差示脉冲极谱法、毛细管电泳法及液相色谱-质谱联用技术等.     

液相色谱-质谱/串联质谱联用技术及其在药物分析中的应用

液相色谱-质谱联用技术结合了色谱、质谱两者的优点，将色谱的高分离性能和质谱的高鉴别特点相结合，组成了较完美的现代分析技术。本文介绍近年来液相色谱-质谱接口技术的研究进展及液相色谱-质谱／串联质谱联用技术等在药物分析中的应用，包括药物研究的分离与鉴定，药物动力学研究的体内浓度分布、代谢物分析等，展示了它的发展前景。随着液相色谱-质谱接口技术的不断完善，液质联用技术将在药物分析中占据越来越重要的地位。     

色谱-质谱联用技术在药品检验中的应用

简述了气相色谱-质谱、液相色谱-质谱和毛细管电泳-质谱联用技术的基本特点及现代应用概况。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术在蛋白质检测中的应用

随着科学的进步,质谱从一种用来分析有机化合物的分子量和结构的强有力工具发展成了可以应用于生物大分子分析的必不可少的技术.近些年来,将具有强大分离能力的高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(HPLC-MS)发展迅猛,有着高灵敏度、高分辨率、专属性强等优点,在食品分析、药品分析、生物样品等中有着广泛的应用.本文对高效液相色谱-质谱联...     

Mass spectrometry-based approaches for the detection of proteins of Staphylococcus species

Mass spectrometry (MS) has become a powerful and popular method to analyze macromolecules from biological systems towards the application of clinical chemistry. Disease markers related to infections can be identified with MS analysis in combination with electrophoresis or chromatographic separations. Further, direct analysis of whole pathogenic bacterial cells (taken directly from a colony) by MS can reveal specific biomarkers that can be used for taxonomy. A brief introduction to the two advanced ionization techniques, electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, for MS is provided in this review. Sample preparation, separation and MS-related techniques for staphylococcal proteins analysis are summarized. The review is concluded with some current clinical applications of mass spectrometry in the area of biomarker research, vaccine development, diagnosis and strain typing of infectious Staphylococci.     

液相色谱-质谱联用技术在中药方剂现代研究中的应用进展

液相色谱与质谱联用技术(LC-MS)将液相色谱的高分离效能与质谱的结构鉴定功能结合起来,已逐渐成为方剂现代研究的强有力手段.本文从液相色谱与质谱联用技术在各类型化合物裂解规律研究、方剂中效应成分快速定性定量分析、方剂配伍规律研究、方剂效应物质的体内代谢研究等方面的应用进展进行了综述,并对该技术目前在方剂研究中存在的问题及应用前景进行展望.     

Selected aspects of the development of methods for the analysis of drugs by high performance liquid chromatography

The successful analysis of drugs in biological fluids and other matrices by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) relies upon the optimization of the chromatographic separation, the sample preparation and the post-column detection. Recent advances in the detection and derivatisation of exogenous substances are described elsewhere in this volume (Sternson 1986). This paper deals with selected aspects of the optimization of the chromatographic separation, concentrating on the theoretical basis and practical application of mobile phase selectivity in reversed phase ion-pair systems. In addition, recent advances in sample preparation techniques which permit the direct injection of biological fluids are discussed.     

Multidimensional separations in the pharmaceutical arena

The introduction of novel, powerful and rapid multidimensional separation and characterization methods has produced revolutionary global changes at the genome, proteome and metabolome level, bringing about a radical transition in our views of living systems, at the molecular level. The age of proteomics and metabolomics demands high-resolution multidimensional separation techniques. Multidimensional gas and liquid chromatography techniques, in addition to capillary and microchip electrophoresis methods, offer increased resolution and sensitivity, while also affording adequate throughput and reproducibility to meet the demands of the modern pharmaceutical industry. Coupled with MS, these techniques provide not only separation but also reliable identification of the sample components. The resolving power of these methods has proved to be superior over individual one-dimensional approaches, enabling the comprehensive separation of complex biological mixtures, with excellent resolution and reproducibility. High capacity computer systems that are capable of rigorous qualitative and quantitative analysis of the separation profiles allow the establishment and mining of large databases. Examples of various modern multidimensional separation techniques, and their integration with MS, are reviewed, here, with respect to pharmaceutical analysis.     

膜分离技术在药物分离纯化中的应用

膜分离技术较之传统的蒸馏、吸附、萃取、深冷分离等相比,具有低能耗、效率高、操作连续化、品质稳定等优点,目前在医药、化工、环境领域都有广泛应用.本文简要阐述了膜分离技术的特点及其在药物分离纯化中的应用.     

Application of difference circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy for determination of pharmaceutical compounds. Analysis of stereoisomers by the HPLC-CD/UV method

Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is gaining an increasing importance in pharmaceutical analysis. One of the main advantages of the CD spectroscopic method is its inherent selectivity, which provides the selective analysis of chiral molecules possessing optically active absorbance bands. In addition to direct CD spectroscopic methods, several new procedures have been developed based on CD spectroscopy for the analysis and determination of pharmaceutical compounds in the past few years. One of the most progressive fields of chiroptical analysis is the combination of high performance liquid chromatographic separation and CD spectroscopy and the application of simultaneous dual CD/UV detection. The aim of our research work was to work out new procedures based on CD and CD related techniques and to investigate the application of these methods in pharmaceutical analysis. This work presents a new, selective and sensitive difference CD spectroscopic method based on oxime formation of the keto group for the determination of delta 4-3-ketosteroids and 6-keto-morphinans. Molar CD and UV spectral parameters of E and Z oxime isomers, produced in the course of oxime formation reaction, have been determined by HPLC separation and simultaneous dual CD and UV detection, without isolation of the isomers. The stereochemistry of spirocyclic pyridopyridazine compounds has been investigated by simultaneous dual CD and UV spectroscopy following HPLC separation. The enantiomeric relationship of the pyridopyridazine stereoisomers has been proved by the application of ellipticity-absorbance ratio spectra in a novel way.     

Selected aspects of the development of methods for the analysis of drugs by high performance liquid chromatography

1. The successful analysis of drugs in biological fluids and other matrices by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) relies upon the optimization of the chromatographic separation, the sample preparation and the post-column detection. Recent advances in the detection and derivatisation of exogenous substances are described elsewhere in this volume (Sternson 1986).

2. This paper deals with selected aspects of the optimization of the chromatographic separation, concentrating on the theoretical basis and practical application of mobile phase selectivity in reversed phase ion-pair systems.

3. In addition, recent advances in sample preparation techniques which permit the direct injection of biological fluids are discussed.     

大孔吸附树脂分离技术在现代中药中的适宜性

目的探讨大孔吸附树脂在中药现代化研究中的作用,为科学使用大孔树脂提供参考。方法通过调查,分析不同型号不同性能的大孔树脂在中药分离纯化过程中的应用。结果大孔吸附树脂分离有一定的局限性,可根据需要,将多种分离技术进行有机的结合,形成最佳分离手段的组合。结论大孔树脂质量标准有待规范,使用方法需不断改进。     

液相色谱-质谱联用技术在中药药代动力学研究中的应用进展

液相色谱-质谱法在中药药代动力学研究中的应用,包括中草药单一有效成分体内药物浓度测定及多组分同时测定、中草药体内代谢产物的鉴定与分析等。中草药特别是中药方剂,成分较复杂,较化学药物的药代动力学研究更困难;而液相色谱-质谱法结合了液相色谱的高分离能力和质谱的高灵敏度和极强的定性专属性,适于中药药代动力学研究。     

Practical kinetics I: Quantitation of barbiturate stability by TLC.

The purpose of this work was the application of established techniques to the quantitation of stability investigations of liquid formulations as well as in solution kinetic studies. The process consists of streaking aliquots of reaction solution on TLC plates, development, elution, and analysis of the substances in the eluate. Several barbiturates were investigated regarding their decomposition at elevated temperatures. Reasonable correlation is noted between obtained rate constants and literature data. This technique represents a utilitarian approach to stability screening of compounds in solution, aqueous or otherwise, where chromatographic separation and analytical methodology for the pure compound are available.