骨盆环软骨肉瘤的手术治疗

目的探讨骨盆环软骨肉瘤适当的切除及重建方式。方法1998年7月至2006年7月，56例骨盆环软骨肉瘤患者接受肿瘤切除重建手术。Enneking骨盆肿瘤分区Ⅰ区7例，Ⅰ、Ⅱ区9例，Ⅱ、Ⅲ区21例，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ区9例，Ⅲ区2例，Ⅳ区3例；骶骨软骨肉瘤5例。高分化软骨肉瘤7例，去分化软骨肉瘤5例，间叶型软骨肉瘤5例，39例为中等分化。髂骨翼局部切除＋钉棒系统重建7例；髂骨翼局部切除＋自体骨移植3例；耻、坐骨局部切除2例；半骨盆截肢8例；髋臼切除重建31例；5例骶骨软骨肉瘤中2例采用广泛切除术，3例采用分块切除术。结果行Ⅰ区肿瘤切除的7例患者，2例局部复发；行Ⅲ区肿瘤切除的2例患者未见局部复发；31例行Ⅱ区肿瘤切除、髋臼重建患者，4例局部复发；8例行半骨盆截肢术患者，2例局部复发；3例采用病灶内手术的骶骨软骨肉瘤患者均局部复发。9例行Ⅰ或Ⅲ区肿瘤切除的患者，术后行走功能基本正常。21例行髋臼周围肿瘤切除、组合式人工半骨盆重建的患者，术后8周开始扶拐行走，半年后可弃拐行走，ISOLS评分平均20分；5例行马鞍式关节重建的患者术后均须扶双拐行走；5例行肿瘤骨灭活再植＋人工髋关节置换的患者，术后3个月可扶双拐下地行走，1例术后伤口出现深部感染，经清创伤口仍不愈合，取出灭活骨、下肢旷置，术后2年复查仍有1例髂骨处接点不愈。结论髋臼周围软骨肉瘤切除后，以马鞍式假体重建的患者术后功能最差，肿瘤骨灭活再植重建患者次之，组合式人工半骨盆重建患者术后功能最佳。     

骨盆原发恶性骨肿瘤的手术治疗

目的探讨骨盆恶性肿瘤不同的切除、重建方式及并发症。方法1997年7月至2003年7月，收治骨盆原发恶性骨肿瘤患者76例，男47例，女29例。软骨肉瘤31例、尤文肉瘤15例、骨肉瘤7例、淋巴瘤3例、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤3例、血管外皮瘤1例、骨髓瘤3例、骨巨细胞瘤13例。根椐Enneking骨盆肿瘤分区，行Ⅰ区髂骨翼局部切除重建16例；Ⅲ区耻、坐骨局部切除9例；Ⅱ区髋臼周围肿瘤切除与髋臼重建30例(人工半骨盆8例、马鞍式关节7例、肿瘤骨灭活再植 人工髋关节置换6例及肿瘤刮除 骨水泥填充 人工髋关节置换术9例)及半骨盆截肢2l例。随访时间为16个月-6年。结果(1)21例行半骨盆截肢术的患者中4例局部复发(19％)，原因为肿瘤累及骶髂关节的骶骨侧。25例行Ⅰ区或Ⅲ区肿瘤切除的患者中7例局部复发(28％)，主要原因是切缘离髋臼太近。21例行Ⅱ区肿瘤切除髋臼重建的患者中4例局部复发(19％)，与肿瘤巨大、切除边缘可能残留肿瘤有关。(2)行Ⅰ区或Ⅲ区肿瘤切除的患者，术后行走功能基本正常。行Ⅱ区肿瘤切除髋臼重建的患者，术后2个月能正常坐与持拐行走，半年后部分患者步态接近正常。(3)3例死于围手术期并发症，其余患者术后症状缓解率为90％。12例出现伤口并发症，8例需手术治疗。结论骨盆肿瘤切除重建的原则是首先完整切除肿瘤，其次考虑功能重建。髋臼重建方法的选择应权衡各种方法的优缺点，尽量减少并发症的发生。     

骨盆Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅳ区肉瘤整块切除后腰盆钉棒重建系统

目的探讨骨盆Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅳ区肉瘤整块切除后新设计的腰盆钉棒重建系统的临床应用。方法回顾性研究中山大学附属第一医院骨肿瘤科,2009年6月到2010年12月期间,行骨盆Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区和Ⅳ区肉瘤整块切除和腰盆钉棒系统重建术的病例资料,评价该术式的治疗效果及术后并发症。入选条件:穿刺活检证实骨盆原发性肉瘤;肺部CT未见转移灶,Eneking分期为ⅡB期;患者能完成规范的新辅助化疗;术前MRI评估证实肉瘤未侵犯髂外动静脉、坐骨神经和盆腔脏器,确认肉瘤累及骨盆Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅳ三个区域。结果 4例累及骨盆Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区和Ⅳ区的原发性肉瘤患者接受肿瘤整块切除后腰盆钉棒系统重建。患者男3例,女1例;平均年龄29.75岁(18～45岁)。病理类型包括:尤文肉瘤2例,软骨肉瘤1例和骨肉瘤1例,尤文肉瘤和骨肉瘤完成新辅助化疗。肉瘤整块切除范围包括骨盆Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区和Ⅳ区肿瘤、肿瘤累及的髂肌、臀中小肌和部分臀大肌,同时采用骨盆髋臼和腰椎椎弓根钉棒系统重建髋臼、骨盆环和腰骶连接。术后3周患者开始进行康复治疗,术后3个月可扶拐行走。术后平均随访14个月(9～19个月),目前尚未发现复发和转移。MSTS功能评分平均为66.67%(63%～73%);Harris髋关节评分良2例,差2例。结论骨盆原发性肉瘤治疗的主要目标是通过广泛切除而获得治愈,通过骨盆环重建挽救下肢的主要功能。骨盆Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区和Ⅳ区肉瘤整块切除和腰盆钉棒系统既能完整的切除肿瘤,又能有效重建骨盆和腰骶连接功能。这种重建方式近期疗效观察能够达到患者及骨肿瘤专科医生的功能期望。     

髋臼周围肿瘤的切除与重建

目的 探讨髋臼周围肿瘤切除与重建的方式及合并症。方法 回顾分析1997年7月至2003年7月髋臼部位原发肿瘤患者行肿瘤切除重建手术的临床资料。3l例患者中,男性19例,女性12例,年龄12～78岁,平均年龄37岁。其中,软骨肉瘤12例、尤文瘤1例、骨肉瘤3例、淋巴瘤1例、癌肉瘤1例、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤1例、骨髓瘤2例、骨巨细胞瘤9例、动脉瘤样骨囊肿1例。2l例患者行髋臼切除、骨盆重建,其中人工半骨盆8例、马鞍式关节7例、灭活再植 人工髋关节置换6例。10例患者行肿瘤刮除 骨水泥填充 人工髋关节置换。结果 21例行Ⅱ区肿瘤切除、髋臼重建的患者中,5例出现局部复发,其中3例为行半骨盆灭活再植的患者。3例骨肉瘤中2例死亡;12例软骨肉瘤患者中,随访9人,6例无瘤生存。术后2个月后,21例患者能够正常坐、扶单拐行走。结论 髋臼区域的肿瘤切除后可行异体或人工半骨盆移植进行修复,或将瘤段骨壳灭活再植进行重建。髋臼周围肿瘤切除重建的过程中应注意：(1)广泛切除肿瘤;(2)熟悉各种髋臼重建方法的优缺点,防止合并症的发生;(3)髋臼重建后的稳定性较差,应注意站立时在健侧拄一手杖,保护再造髋关节;(4)预防皮缘坏死及伤口感染,骨盆肿瘤切除容易发生伤口问题。     

髂骨翼肿瘤的切除与重建

目的 探讨髂骨翼肿瘤切除及重建方式。方法1998年7月至2004年7月,61例髂骨翼肿瘤患者接受髂骨肿瘤切除重建手术。其中男38例,女23例;年龄12～78岁,平均43岁。根椐Enneking骨盆肿瘤分区：肿瘤累及Ⅰ区36例,Ⅰ、Ⅱ区17例,Ⅰ、Ⅳ区8例。肿瘤切除术后,检查骨缺损的大小,将钉棒系统应用于髂骨肿瘤切除后的缺损重建中。对于肿瘤累及Ⅳ区的患者,行钛网杯重建髋臼顶及全髋置换术。对于儿童患者,采用植骨或斯氏针＋骨水泥固定。结果61例髂骨肿瘤切除的患者中48例患者获得随访,随访时间为16个月至6年,平均43个月。其中33例存活,无肿瘤局部复发迹象;15例死亡。36例行Ⅰ区肿瘤切除的患者中,19．4％（7／36）出现局部复发;17例行Ⅰ、Ⅱ区肿瘤切刮、骨水泥填充、髋臼重建的患者中,35．3％（6／17）出现局部复发;8例行Ⅰ、Ⅳ区肿瘤切除的患者中,1例死于围手术期,50．0％（4／8）局部复发。功能结果：36例行Ⅰ区肿瘤切除的患者,术后有正常行走功能。17例行Ⅰ、Ⅱ区肿瘤刮除、骨水泥填充、髋臼顶重建、人工髋关节置换的患者,术后髋关节功能基本正常。结论可将钉棒系统应用于成人患者髂骨肿瘤切除后的缺损重建中,维持骨盆环的完整。对于儿童的髂骨肿瘤切除后的重建,应尽量采用比较简单的固定。可应用异体骨或自体髂骨（取自残存的部分髂骨）植于髂骨颈与骶骨翼之间,用加压螺丝钉固定。     

髋臼周围肿瘤切除后的功能重建

 骨盆肿瘤切除术后骨盆环的重建十分必要，这种重建对于患者术后的坐、立和行走功能非常重要。髋臼部位肿瘤多数为髂骨或耻、坐骨同时受累。 常见肿瘤包括软骨肉瘤、骨巨细胞瘤、Ewing肉瘤、成骨肉瘤等。半骨盆截肢可以达到根治性切除的目的，但因为丧失了患侧肢体，患者多难以接受。近20年来，随着诊断技术、新辅助化疗的发展及肿瘤外科切除原则的建立，骨盆肿瘤的切除及功能重建有了很大的进步。目前，可选择的髋臼重建方法有：瘤骨灭活再植、异体半骨盆移植及人工半骨盆假体重建等。     

髋臼及其周围肿瘤的分区与重建方法

目的 回顾性分析髋臼及其周围恶性肿瘤行整块切除、不同方法髋臼重建的疗效.方法 72例髋臼及其周围恶性肿瘤患者接受了肿瘤整块切除、髋臼重建手术,男42例,女30例;年龄16～78岁,平均41岁.软骨肉瘤39例、骨肉瘤10例、骨巨细胞瘤9例、Ewing肉瘤5例、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤3例、恶性神经鞘瘤2例、血管外皮瘤l例、单发转移癌3例.肿瘤累及Ⅱ区、Ⅰ+Ⅱ区、Ⅱ+Ⅲ区、Ⅰ～Ⅲ区、Ⅰ～Ⅳ区和Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅴ区者分别为4、16、29、7、10和6例.髋臼重建包括组配式人工半骨盆50例、马鞍式关节置换7例、骨盆灭活再植8例、股骨近端与盆骨融合7例.结果 61例获得随访,平均随访3.5年(1～8年).11例局部复发,8例深部感染,6例脱位.45例行组配式人工半骨盆置换术患者ISOLS评分平均22分.优7例、良24例、可9例、差5例.其中优良病例均为累及Ⅱ区和Ⅱ+Ⅲ区者,评分差的病例均为累及Ⅳ区者.5例行马鞍式关节置换、5例骨盆灭活再植和6例股骨近端与盆骨融合术患者,ISOLS评分平均为10、17和14分.结论 髋臼周围肿瘤切除后重建方法以组配式人工半骨盆置换术后功能最好,骨盆灭活再植次之,马鞍式关节置换术后功能最差.组配式人工半骨盆置换对单纯Ⅱ区肿瘤切除重建功能最好,其次为Ⅱ+Ⅲ区、Ⅰ+Ⅱ区、Ⅰ～Ⅲ区、Ⅱ+Ⅲ+Ⅴ区,术后功能最差为Ⅰ～Ⅳ区.     

骨盆骨肉瘤的外科治疗策略探讨

目的 探讨手术治疗骨盆骨肉瘤的切除及重建方式.方法 回顾性分析2000年6月至2009年6月接受肿瘤切除重建手术的21例骨盆骨肉瘤患者的病例资料.其中男性12例,女性9例;平均年龄30岁.肿瘤累及范围:Ⅰ区3例,Ⅰ+Ⅳ区3例,Ⅰ+Ⅱ区4例,Ⅱ+Ⅲ区4例,Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ区1例,Ⅲ区1例,Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅳ区5例.其中经典骨肉瘤19例,高分化骨肉瘤2例.21例均为ⅡB期.所有病例均行整块切除,外科边界为13例广泛切除,8例边缘切除.重建方式包括:可调式人工半骨盆假体重建13例;自体骨移植+钉棒系统重建5例;半骨盆截肢2例;单纯切除1例.患者术后平均随访时间30.3个月(6.0～87.0个月).结果 21例患者中13例存活,总体生存率为61.9%,无瘤生存率23.8%;5年生存率为44.2%.局部复发率为28.6%(6/21),其中累及Ⅱ区肿瘤复发4例(4/13),Ⅰ区肿瘤复发1例(1/3),Ⅰ+Ⅳ区肿瘤复发1例(1/3),Ⅲ区肿瘤单纯切除的1例患者及2例半骨盆截肢患者未发生局部复发.肿瘤广泛切除术后复发率为23.1%(3/13),边缘切除术后复发率为37.5%(3/8).9例患者术后出现肺转移(42.9%),1例患者发生骨及淋巴结转移.13例存活患者MSTS 93功能评分为(20.6±5.4)分.4例自体骨移植+钉棒系统内固定患者功能评分为(22.5±2.1)分;7例町调式人工半骨盆重建患者,于术后8周开始扶拐行走,半年后可去拐行走,功能评分为(17.7±5.5)分.结论 选择合适的切除与重建方式,多数骨盆骨肉瘤患者可以行保肢治疗,可保留部分肢体功能.     

髂部肿瘤切除重建钢板重建骨盆环

目的：探讨髂部肿瘤切除自体髂骨翻转植骨重建钢板重建骨盆环的临床疗效。方法：回顾分析12例髂骨肿瘤应用此法治疗效果,其中男8例,女4例,骨盆肿瘤Enneking分区全部为1区肿瘤,骨巨细胞瘤5例,动脉瘤样骨囊肿2例,软骨肉瘤2例,骨转移瘤2例,骨肉瘤1例。肿瘤全部行瘤段切除。结果：本组12例病人全部进行随访,随访时间6月－3,平均12个月。植骨全部愈合,平均骨愈合时间3月。1例骨肉瘤患者术后8月局部复发,术后1年死于肺转移。全部病例均可负重行走,髋关节功能正常。结论：肿瘤切除自体髂骨翻转植骨＋重建钢板重建骨盆环是一种较好的治疗髂骨肿瘤的保肢方法,但对于2B期髂骨肿瘤应慎用。     

半骨盆置换术治疗骨盆恶性肿瘤的初步应用

目的探讨半骨盆置换术在骨盆恶性肿瘤广泛切除和功能性保肢手术中的应用。方法回顾中山大学附属第一医院骨肿瘤科2003年至2006年18例半骨盆切除和重建手术治疗案例，评估骨盆恶性肿瘤广泛切除和假体置换术的疗效和并发症。结果中山大学附属第一医院骨肿瘤科18例骨盆原发性恶性骨肿瘤患者，接受了骨盆Ⅰ区＋Ⅱ区＋（Ⅲ区）切除和人工半骨盆假体置换手术。患者平均年龄为19岁，病理类型包括12例骨肉瘤、3例尤文肉瘤和3例纤维肉瘤，外科分期均为ⅡB。患者经过术前肿瘤评估，MRI显示肿瘤尚未侵犯髂血管和坐骨神经，全身骨扫描未显示肿瘤跳跃或转移，肺部CT显示肿瘤无转移；同时患者接受两个循环规范化术前化疗后，初步化疗评估为良好。术前充分准备，常规切除骨盆Ⅰ区＋Ⅱ区＋（Ⅲ区），安装组合式半骨盆。组合式半骨盆假体设计突出骶骨座、无髂骨、可调髋臼及耻骨支。术中平均出血3000ml（1500～6000m1）。1例术后腓总神经损伤，5例有伤口并发症，其中1例感染和1例残腔愈合不良的患者接受了股外侧肌（皮）瓣转移，伤口均一期愈合。术后3周开始功能锻炼，2至3个月可扶拐行走。平均随访36．73个月（15-58个月），2例局部复发，3例死于远处转移，MSTS功能评分平均65％。结论在骨盆原发性恶性肿瘤的治疗中，广泛切除是治愈肿瘤的关键，应用半骨盆假体置换能有效重建骨骼缺损，联合肌皮瓣移植可以解决困难的伤口并发症，患肢功能可以接受。改进假体设计，改善患肢功能是今后努力的方向。     

Sacral infiltration in pelvic sarcomas: joint infiltration analysis II

The incidence and characteristics of sacral infiltration in pelvic sarcomas were analyzed. Fifty-one patients with a pelvic sarcoma (chondrosarcoma, 15 patients; Ewing's sarcoma, 23 patients; and osteosarcoma, 13 patients) abutting the sacroiliac joint had surgical treatment. Tumor infiltration into the sacrum was suspected based on preoperative images in 18 patients; 15 of 18 patients had histologic tumor invasion. There was a significant difference of median volume of sarcomas with and without infiltration. One of 23 Ewing's sarcomas, seven of 15 chondrosarcomas, and seven of 13 osteosarcomas penetrated the sacroiliac joint into the sacrum. Logistic regression test showed that diagnosis was the most important factor influencing sacral infiltration. Twelve tumors infiltrated through the posterior part of the joint, two tumors infiltrated through the anterior part, and one large tumor infiltrated through an unknown route. To obtain wide surgical margins, patients at risk (elderly, large tumor, or diagnosis of osteosarcoma or chondrosarcoma) for sacral involvement may require extended internal hemipelvectomy with the medial margin extending into the sacrum. High quality imaging studies should be used to assess the need for transarticular resection.     

Chondrosarcoma of sacrum presenting with a deep vein thrombosis

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor [1]. It is often observed in the pelvis, femur, shoulder girdle and diaphysial portions of long bones [2]. Its incidence in the sacral lesion is very low, and it was reported that only 18 cases of chondrosarcoma were observed out of 900 tumor cases (0.2%) [3]. On the other hand, Ozdemir et al. [4] report that the frequent symptoms and signs of sacral malignant bone tumors including primary and metastatic malignant bone tumors are nonspecific low back pain, sensation of pelvic pressure or discomfort, and neurological symptoms when the tumor compresses the neural structures. Symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to a sacral tumor were not described in this series. Only two cases of a bone tumor initially presenting as DVT have been reported in the English literature. Tasci et al. [5] report a case of Ewing sarcoma of the fibula with venous thrombosis in the popliteal vein, and Hoekstra et al. [6] present a case of pelvic girdle chondrosarcoma with venous thrombosis in the iliac vein and inferior vena cava. However, to our knowledge, a case in which the initial symptom of sacral chondrosarcoma is DVT due to tumor embolism in the iliac vein has not been reported. In this report, we present a case of chondrosarcoma of the sacrum that initially presents as DVT, and discuss the mechanism of this phenomenon.     

保留对侧骶神经孔的部分骶骨及骶髂关节整块切除术

 目的 探讨累及部分骶骨及一侧骶髂关节的骶骨恶性肿瘤采用保留对侧神经孔、纵行半侧或超半侧骶骨整块切除的手术入路及切除方式。方法 2005年2月至2010年7月间,共有16例累及部分骶骨及一侧骶髂关节的骶骨恶性肿瘤患者接受矢状位纵行半侧或超半侧骶骨(保留对侧骶神经孔)肿瘤整块切除及功能重建手术。男10例,女6例;年龄17~70岁,平均37.9岁。软骨肉瘤5例、Ewing肉瘤3例、恶性神经鞘瘤2例、骨肉瘤2例、恶性骨巨细胞瘤1例、淋巴瘤1例、转移瘤2例。结果手术时间4.0~11.5 h,平均6.5h;术中出血量1500~5500 ml,平均3600 ml 。5例患者为Ⅰ型切除,11例患者为Ⅱ型切除。随访时间21~59个月,平均34.4个月。术后3个月进行功能评估,除3例患者保留患侧S1神经根者外,其余13例均出现患侧足踝跖屈功能障碍。所有16例患者均不同程度地保留了括约肌功能。无围手术期死亡患者。4例(25%)术后出现切口并发症,经手术清创、引流后愈合。7例(43.8%)出现局部复发,6例病灶内手术者中5例局部复发,4例为骶骨侧复发,1例为软组织复发。8例(50.0%)无瘤生存,2例(12.5%)患者带瘤生存,6例(37.5%)患者死于肿瘤。结论 保留对侧神经孔、纵行半侧或超半侧骶骨整块切除具有可操作性,相对于全骶骨切除有着较好的功能学结果。     

Tumors of the pelvis: complications after reconstruction

Introduction Complications after pelvic sarcoma surgery are frequent; however, the reports on complications are limited. Results of the authors' experience with 110 primary pelvic tumor resections and methods to achieve low complication rates for pelvic reconstruction are reported.Materials and methods From 1982 to 1996, 110 patients with pelvic sarcoma (42 Ewing sarcomas, 40 chondrosarcomas, 21 osteosarcomas, and 7 other malignant tumors) underwent surgery. Sixteen patients underwent implantation of a hemipelvic megaprosthesis, 13 patients had implantation of an allograft for sacroiliac arthrodesis, 12 patients had implantation of an autograft for sacroiliac arthrodesis, and 17 patients underwent hip transposition. There were 9 hindquarter amputations, 6 implantations of allograft and total hip endoprosthesis, 1 implantation of prosthesis with autograft, and 1 implantation of allograft and autograft. No skeletal reconstruction was done in 35 patients.Results Postoperative function was as follows: 37% in patients with prosthesis, 60% in allograft, 66% in autograft, 66% in hip transposition, 37% in amputation, and 79% without reconstruction. In total, 10/16 patients with prosthetic replacement, 9/13 with allograft implantation, 4/12 with autograft implantation, 7/17 with hip transposition, 5/9 with amputation, 6/6 with prosthesis and allograft, and 12/35 without skeletal reconstruction had complications. Frequent complications depending on the reconstruction were infection in 6/10 prostheses and in 5/13 allografts, leg length discrepancy in 2/12 autografts and 4/17 hip transpositions, hematoma in 3/9 amputations, and infection (6) and skin problems (5) in 6 prostheses with allograft.Conclusion Because of the small number of complications and good function, autograft implantation after iliac resection and hip transposition after acetabular resection are advisable.     

髋臼周围肿瘤切除股骨头旷置术

目的 探讨股骨头旷置术治疗髋臼周围肿瘤的可行性.方法 1999年10月至2009年8月采用髋臼肿瘤切除股骨头旷置术治疗累及髋臼的Enneking Ⅱ区肿瘤患者18例,男16例,女2例;年龄18～72岁,平均54岁.软骨肉瘤4例,骨肉瘤2例,骨巨细胞瘤4例,滑膜肉瘤1例,恶性纤维组织细胞瘤1例,Ewing肉瘤1例,转移瘤5例.3例行术前选择性动脉栓塞,4例行麻醉后腹主动脉或髂总动脉球囊临时阻断.术后门诊随访观察关节功能及影像学变化.结果 全部病例随访3～118个月,平均55个月.手术时间120～350min,平均170min.出血量600～2200ml,平均1200ml.切口均愈合,无一例发生伤口感染.1例骨肉瘤、3例转移癌患者于术后6个月至2年死于多脏器转移,其余病例无肿瘤局部复发.肢体不等长2.0～7.5 cm,平均5.0 cm,所有患者均需足跟垫高2～3 cm的矫形鞋进行矫正.术后3个月Enneking评分20～27分,平均23分.影像学资料提示,至随访期末无股骨头坏死发生,8例假臼磨造较好,1例发生轻度腰椎侧凸.结论 对于累及髋臼的Enneking Ⅱ区肿瘤采用肿瘤切除股骨头矿置术术后并发症发生率低,近期功能良好,肿瘤复发率低.

Abstract：

Objective To study clinical application of femoral head exclusion after resection of pelvic tumors around acetabulum with less limb damage and complications.Methods From October 1999 to August 2009,18 patients with pelvic tumors around acetabalum (zone Ⅱ of Ennekingl were treated with tumor resection and femoral head exclusion,including 16 males and 2 females with an average age of 54 years(range,18-72).The diagnosis were chondrosarcoma(4 cases),osteosarcoma(2),giant cell tumor of bone(4),synoviosareoma(1),malignant fibrous histiocytoma(1),Ewing sarcoma(1),and metastatic carcinoma(5).Throe cases were treated by selective arterial embolization before operation and 4 cases by temporary block of lower abdominal aorta or common iliac arte.Regular follow-up in clinic was done to observe function of joint and radiographic imaging.Results All patients were followed up for 55 months(range,3-118).The mean surgical time was 170 min(range,120-350 min).The mean blood loss was 1200 ml(range,600-2200 ml).All wounds were healed without infection.One patient with osteosarcoma and 3 with metastatic carcinoma died of multiple organ metastases during 6 months to 2 years after operation.The others had no local relapse.The mean limb discrepancy was 5.0 cm (range,2.0-7.5 cm).The mean Enneking score was 23 (range,20-27).All patients needed custom-made shoes with heightened heel of 2-3 cm.Osteonecrosis of the femoral head was not found in radiographic images.Eight cases had formed artificial acetabulum.One case had gentle lumbar scoliosis.Conclusion The clinical application of femoral head exclusion after resection of pelvic tumors around acetabulum had low complications,less pain,low relapse,better function in the recent period.     

Free vascularized bone transfer in limb salvage surgery of the upper extremity

Salvage of the upper extremity following tumor resection may require reconstruction of massive bone defects. This more commonly results from malignant bone tumors, but defects requiring reconstruction also may occur following resection of locally aggressive benign tumors. Examples include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, giant cell tumor, and certain soft tissue sarcomas invading bone. Obtaining satisfactory results using conventional bone grafting techniques is at best challenging when defects of substantial size are encountered. Free vascularized bone grafting procedures provide the appealing option of transferring living bone based on a vascular pedicle.