缺氧性肺动脉高压时一氧化氮合酶、左旋精氨酸及亚硝基左旋精氨酸甲酯的研究

目的研究一氧化氮（ＮＯ）在缺氧性肺动脉高压（ＨＰＨ）发病中的作用。方法用烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸—黄递酶（ＮｉｃｏｔｉｎａｍｉｄｅＡｄｅｎｉｎｅＤｉｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅＰｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅＤｉａｐｈｏｒａｓｅ，ＮＡＤＰＨｄ）和免疫组化ＡＢＣ方法检测原生型和诱生型一氧化氮合酶（ｃＮＯＳ、ｉＮＯＳ）在正常和缺氧大鼠肺内的表达和分布，同时观察左旋精氨酸（Ｌａｒｇ）和亚硝基左旋精氨甲酯（ＬＮＡＭＥ）对正常和缺氧大鼠肺循环的影响。结果ＨＰＨ组，ＮＡＤＰＨｄ阳性反应见于大血管内皮、平滑肌、支气管粘膜上皮及小血管内皮和平滑肌中，而后者在正常时未见阳性反应；ｃＮＯＳ在肺血管内皮和支气管粘膜上皮中的表达明显减弱，甚至消失，而正常时不表达ｉＮＯＳ的肺血管内皮和血管、支气管平滑肌在ＨＰＨ组出现了阳性表达；缺氧时补充Ｌａｒｇ和ＬＮＡＭＥ，与单纯缺氧相比，对右心室肥大和肺血管重建无影响。结论缺氧时ｃＮＯＳ被抑制，可能对ＨＰＨ的形成具有一定的作用；而ｉＮＯＳ的诱导表达，则可能对ＨＰＨ的形成具有阻止作用。     

肺癌癌基因产物C—FOS,C—JUN,Phosphotyrosine表达…

对９７例肺癌进行了癌基因产物Ｃ－ＦＯＳ、Ｃ－ＪＵＮ、Ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｔｙｒｏｓｉｎｅ的免疫组织化学研究。结果表明：其表达率为Ｃ－ＦＯＳ＜Ｃ－ＪＵＮ＜Ｐ－Ｔｙｒ．上述三者均可在核、核膜及细胞质内表达。正常支气管、肺组织Ｃ－ＦＯＳ表达分别占３．８％及１．６％。而在肺癌、Ｃ－ＦＯＳ表达占６０％。Ｃ－ＦＯＳ及Ｃ－ＪＵＮ同时阳性的５４例（５６％），Ｃ－ＦＯＳ阴性，而Ｃ－ＪＵＮ阳性的３１例（３２％）。Ｃ－ＦＯＳ     

肺癌癌基因产物C－FOS、C－JUN、Phosphotyrosine表达的研究

对９７例肺癌进行了癌基因产物Ｃ－ＦＯＳ、Ｃ－ＪＵＮ、Ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｔｙｒｏｓｉｎｅ（以下称Ｐ－Ｔｙｒ）的免疫组织化学研究。结果表明：其表达率为Ｃ－ＦＯＳ＜ＣＪＵＮ＜ｐ－Ｔｙｒ。上述三者均可在核、核膜及细胞质内表达。正常支气管、肺组织Ｃ－ＦＯＳ表达分别占３．８％及１．６％。而在肺癌、Ｃ－ＦＯＳ表达占６０％。Ｃ＋ＦＯＳ及Ｃ－ＪＵＮ同时阳性的５４例（５６％），Ｃ－ＦＯＳ阴性，而Ｃ－ＪＵＮ阳性的３１例（３２％）。Ｃ－ＦＯＳ阳性、Ｃ－ＪＵＮ阴性的４例（４％），两者同时阴性的８例（８％）。虽然Ｃ－ＦＯＳ与Ｃ－ＪＵＮ通过拉锁构造形成杂二聚体，但Ｃ－ＦＯＳ也可单独表达。     

牛磺酸对大鼠慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压的预防作用

目的：进一步研究牛磺酸对慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压的防治作用。方法：复制大鼠间断缺氧４周模型,采用透射电镜、放射免疫和生化技术研究牛磺酸对肺动脉高压的治疗效果。结果：缺氧４周大鼠肺动脉压力升高,右心肥大,血中ＥＴ－１、ＡＣＥ水平升高,ＮＯ－２／ＮＯ－３和ＳＯＤ水平降低;ＭＰＡＰ与ＥＴ－１呈正相关,与ＮＯ－２／ＮＯ－３呈负相关;牛磺酸可抑制缺氧大鼠ＥＴ－１和ＡＣＥ分泌,增加ＮＯ和ＳＯＤ水平,降低肺动脉压力;透射电镜观察表明牛磺酸能对抗缺氧大鼠的心肺组织损伤。结论：牛磺酸通过减轻缺氧所致细胞损伤,调节血管舒缩物质的平衡,对缺氧性肺高压有一定防治作用。     

缺氧促进猪肺动脉内皮细胞sis／PDGF—B链基因的表达

应用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ和Ｓｌｏｔ－ｂｌｏｔ杂交技术研究了缺氧对猪肺动脉内皮细胞血小板源性生长因子（ＰＤＧＦ）基因表达的影响，结果表明，缺氧能明显中肺动脉内皮细胞ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ链ｍＲＮＡ的表达，而ＰＤＧＦ－Ａ链ｍＲＮＡ表达无明显影响，提示缺氧可能是体内刺激肺动脉内皮细胞ｓｉｓ／ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ链基因表达的因素之一，通过肺动脉平滑机细胞增生和收缩，在肺动脉高压血管改建中可能具有重要作用。     

一氧化氮与慢性阻塞性肺疾病

一氧化氮（ＮＯ）是由内皮细胞内的一氧化氮合成酶（ＮＯＳ）作用于Ｌ－精氨酸（Ｌ－Ａｒｇ），在分子氧参与下合成的内源性舒张因子，它能调节肺血管阻力。慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）患者长期缺氧，ＮＯ合成分泌减少，肺血管收缩，导致肺动脉高压，吸入ＮＯ可选择性作用于肺血管，使之扩张而降低肺动脉压力，对ＣＯＰＤ患者预后有较大意义。     

慢性缺氧对肺动脉内皮细胞Ⅲ型一氧化氮合酶mRNA表达的影响

目的 :世居高原的人、动物或肺动脉高压的大鼠 ,常出现ＨＰＶ钝化现象 ,即急性缺氧时肺血管收缩反应下降。这有助于防止肺动脉高压进一步升高及高原性心脏病的发生 ,有一定的代偿意义。由于ＮＯ是一种重要的血管舒张因子 ,那么慢性缺氧后肺血管对急性缺氧的收缩反应减弱是否与ＮＯ的调节作用增强有关呢 ?为验证这个推测 ,本实验动态观察了连代缺氧培养的肺动脉内皮细胞在急性缺氧时ＮＯＳⅢｍＲＮＡ表达的变化。方法 :采用胰蛋白酶消化法培养猪肺动脉内皮细胞 ,分别在常氧 (ＰＯ2 2 1 3ｋＰａ)和缺氧 (ＰＯ2 5 3± 0 7ｋＰａ)条件下培养并…     

急性重症胆管炎对家兔胸髓NOS阳性神经元分布的影响

目的 :研究急性重症胆管炎对家兔胸骨髓ＮＯＳ阳性神经元分布的影响。方法 :1 0只新西兰纯种雄性家兔随机分为两组 ,即正常对照组和急性重症胆管炎 (ＡＣＳＴ)组 ,应用ＮＡＤＰＨ组织化学法研究家兔胸髓(Ｔ2 -Ｔ1 2 )ＮＯＳ阳性神经元的分布。结果 :两组在Ｔ2 -Ｔ1 2 均可见ＮＯＳ阳性神经元 ,但主要集中在Ｔ5-Ｔ8的后角和中间带 ;ＡＣＳＴ组在后角胶状质和中央管周围区的神经纤维及其末梢ＮＯＳ着色较正常对照组明显增强。 ( 1 )在后角 ,胶状质神经纤维及终末的标记主要位于深层 (板层Ⅲ ) ,胶状质内的纤维似有背腹分束排列倾向 ,兼有横向…     

听源性惊厥点燃诱导一氧化氮合酶表达增加

为探讨一氧化氮在听源性惊厥点燃中的可能作用，用ＮＡＤＰＨ－黄递酶组织化学方法和Ｆｏｓ免疫细胞化学方法，研究了听源性惊厥易感大鼠惊厥和点燃后听觉核团和前脑结构内ＮＯＳ－Ｆｏｓ双重阳性神经元的分布及差异。结果显示：一次惊厥后，正丘内双重阳性神经元较较多，近７０％－８０％的ＮＯＳ阳性神经元呈Ｆｏｓ阳性，其他听觉核团和内仅见少星ＮＯＳ－Ｆｏｓ双重阳性神经元。点燃后，听觉核团和前脑结构内ＮＯＳ－Ｆｏｓ双得阳     

L—精氨酸对猪冠状动脉内皮功能的影响

以氧化低密度脂蛋白（ｏｘｉｄｉｚｅｄｌｏｗ－ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ）诱导猪冠状动脉内皮功能障碍，观察Ｌ－精氨酸（Ｌ－ａｒｇｉｎｉｎｅ，Ｌ－ａｒｇ）对正常及内皮功能障碍的冠脉的影响。结果显示ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ可使猪冠脉舒张功能下降而Ｌ－ａｒｇ可部分阻止这一作用。用逆转录ＰＣＲ技术检测了冠脉血管灌流后结构型一氧化氮合成酶（ｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｖｅｎｉｔｒｉｅｃｏｘｉｄｅｓｙｎｔｈａｓｅ，ｃＮＯＳ）ｍＲＮＡ表达，结果表明ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ可抑制血管ｃＮＯＳｍＲＮＡ表达而Ｌ－ａｒｇ可拮抗这一抑制作用。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995