橙皮甙在H2O2诱导的大鼠心肌细胞凋亡中的作用

目的研究橙皮甙对H2O2诱导的大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法体外培养SD乳鼠心肌细胞,用H2O2诱导培养的大鼠心肌细胞凋亡,制造心肌细胞凋亡模型。设立对照组、模型组、溶媒组、橙皮甙低剂量组（终末浓度10^-5mmol／L）、中剂量组（终末浓度10^-5mmol／L）、高剂量组（终末浓度10^-5mmol／L）,于药物作用4、8、12h后用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。结果橙皮甙组与模型纽比较有抑制SD乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的作用,且效应随橙皮甙浓度的增加和时间的延长而增强（P〈0．01）。结论橙皮甙对H2O2诱导的心肌细胞凋亡有抗凋亡保护心肌细胞的作用。     

不同类型黄酮对过氧化氢诱导的心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的：观察不同类型的黄酮类化合物红花黄色素A（查儿酮）、高良姜素（黄酮醇）、陈皮素（二氢黄酮）对H2O2诱导的心肌细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达的影响。方法：取Wistar大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞做原代培养，制备H2O2诱导的心肌细胞凋亡模型。MTT法检测3种黄酮类化合物适宜的实验浓度，TUNEL法、流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率，免疫组化法测定Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达。结果：MTT法显示各组药物只有5μmol／L组与空白组相比差异无统计学意义（P〈0．05）。仅30μmol／L组细胞活力显著高于模型组，随后实验选用30μmol／L作为试验浓度。TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡率，除红花黄色素A组外各药物组细胞凋亡率均显著小于模型组（P〈0．05）。流式细胞术检测显示，各药物组均能降低细胞凋亡率和坏死率。免疫组化显示，Caspase-3蛋白阳性表达除红花黄色素A组（与空白对照组比较P〉0．05）外各药物组均显著小于模型组（P〈0．05）。Bcl-2／Bax比值除红花黄色素A组（与正常组比较P〉0．05）外各药物组均显著高于模型组（P〈0．05）。TUNEL法检测凋亡率、Caspase-3蛋白阳性表达、Bcl-2／Bax比值均显示陈皮素和高良姜素组间无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论：陈皮素和高良姜素抑制100tnnol／LH2O2诱导新生乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的效果相当，可调节Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3蛋白表达，起到保护心肌细胞作用；而红花黄色素A对细胞坏死的影响可能比对细胞凋亡的作用更强。     

鹿蹄素类化合物的抗菌定量构效关系研究

目的研究鹿蹄素类化合物的抗菌定量构效关系。方法以鹿蹄素为先导化合物,采用聚类分析法,合成了12个新氢醌化合物。选取金葡萄球菌84184为活性常数提取的致病菌。结果所得Hansch法定量构效关系方程为：1gl／MIC＝0．0350π-0．0153π^2＋0．1784σ＋0．0020MR-1．6213 I＋4．4415,n=13,r=0．8089,F=2．65（α=0．05）。以未经回归统计分析的异丙基氢醌进行验证,发现该方程对化合物的活性预测有一定的参考意义。通过挑选作用显著的参数,发现指示变量I与抗菌活性的58％相关,从而提出：氢醌类化合物是通过氧化还原的反应而显示其抗菌活性的作用机理。结论本实验对进一步寻找更有效的鹿蹄素衍生物和阐明其作用机理,提供了一定的线索和依据。     

大蒜素对培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨大蒜素对培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧／复氧损伤的保护作用及对心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法 利用乳鼠培养心肌细胞缺氧／复氧（A／R）损伤模型,将培养心肌细胞分为正常对照组（C组）、缺氧预处理组（AP组）、缺氧/复氧组（A／R组）、大蒜素预处理组（G组）,测定各组缺氧后、复氧后细胞损伤指标乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量,并应用DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳及原位末端标记（TUNEL）法检测各组凋亡指数（AI）。结果G、AP组LDII、MDA明显较A／R组降低（P＜0．01）,SOD明显增高（P〈0．01）;A／R、AP、G组AI较C组明显增高（P〈0．01）,AP、G组AI较A／R组显著降低（P〈0．01）,G组AI较AP组稍高（P〉0．05）。结论 大蒜素具有抗心肌细胞凋亡作用。可减轻心肌细胞A／R损伤。     

丹参多酚酸盐对2型糖尿病大鼠心脏保护作用

目的探讨丹参多酚酸盐对2型糖尿病大鼠心脏保护作用。方法选择30只健康雄性Wistar大鼠中的20只,以高糖高脂饲料喂养6周后腹腔注射链脲佐菌素30mg／kg,3d后测血糖≥17．8mmol／L（n=17）入选糖尿病大鼠模型,并随机分为糖尿病组（n=9）、丹参多酚酸盐（15mg／kg）治疗组（n=8）,另外10只大鼠为对照组（n=10）。治疗组给予丹参多酚酸盐治疗8周,彩色多普勒超声检测大鼠心功能,光镜及透射电镜观察心肌病理学改变,转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法检测心肌细胞凋亡,荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测心肌细胞Bcl-2及半胱氨酸天冬酶3（Caspase-3）基因的表达情况。结果与对照组相比．糖尿病组凋亡心肌细胞明显增多[（14．57±0．56）比（0．87±0．13）]（P〈0．05）;心肌中Bcl-2基因表达减弱[（0．57±0．05）比（1．06±0．09）]（P〈0．05）;Caspase-3基因表达增强[（1．94±0．15）比（1．02±0．08）]（P〈0．05）;与糖尿病组相比,丹参多酚酸治疗组凋亡心肌细胞减少[（6．16±0．64）]（P〈0．05）;心肌Bcl-2基因表达增多[（0．84±0．09）]（P〈0．05）;Caspase-3基因表达减少[（1．37±0．13）]（P〈0．05）。结论应用丹参多酚酸盐治疗后,可延缓2型糖尿病心肌病变发展,保护心脏。     

活性氧介导5, 7- 二甲氧基黄酮诱导结肠癌HT- 29 细胞凋亡

目的研究5,7-二甲氧基黄酮（5,7-dimethoxyflavone,DMF）诱导体外培养人结肠癌HT-29细胞凋亡作用及其机制。方法以HT-29细胞为研究对象,利用ELISA法测定细胞DNA断裂,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率和活性氧（ROS）水平。结果DMF激活HT-29细胞ROS生成（P〈0．05）,呈浓度依赖性。DMF以浓度依赖方式促进HT-29细胞DNA断裂（P〈0．05）,同时,诱导细胞凋亡率增高（P〈0．05）;10μmol．L^-1N-乙酰半胱氨酸预孵育30min,能有效阻断DMF诱导ROS生成和细胞凋亡作用（P〈0．05）。结论DFM通过促进结肠癌HT-29细胞ROS生成诱导细胞凋亡。     

硝酸甘油对持续心肌缺血模型动物心肌细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因的影响

目的：研究硝酸甘油对持续心肌缺血心肌细胞凋亡以及对凋亡相关基因的影响。方法：采用大鼠动物模型，用原位标记与半定量分析检测心肌细胞凋亡程度；以S-P免疫组化分别检测Fas基因蛋白。结果：持续心肌缺血组与假手术组相比，心肌细胞凋亡程度明显增加，Fas-L蛋白、Bcl-2蛋白的表达都有明显增高，差异有极显著性（P〈0．01）；硝酸甘油组与持续心肌缺血组比较，心肌细胞凋亡程度明显降低，差异有极显著性（P〈0．01）；Bcl-2蛋白表达增高，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）、Fas—L蛋白表达降低，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：硝酸甘油能够减轻持续心肌缺血过程中心肌细胞凋亡程度。     

en橙皮甙对H2O2诱导大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的研究橙皮甙对H2O2诱导的大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法培养并鉴定SD乳鼠心肌细胞;用H2O2诱导培养的大鼠心肌细胞凋亡,观察不同浓度橙皮甙（10^-8mmol/L、10^-5mmol/L、10^-3mmol/L）对SD乳鼠心肌细胞作用4、8、12h后,用Tunel法检测心肌细胞凋亡。结果橙皮甙组与模型组比较有抑制SD乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的作用,且效应随橙皮甙浓度的增加和时间的延长而增强（P〈0.01）。结论橙皮甙对HO诱导的心肌细胞凋亡有抗凋亡保护心肌细胞的作用。     

丹参多酚酸盐对糖尿病心肌病保护作用及可能机制

目的探讨丹参多酚酸盐对糖尿病心肌病保护作用及其可能机制。方法40只健康雄性wistar大鼠随机分成4组,正常对照组（Normal control,NC）、糖尿病对照组（Diabetic control group,DC）、丹参多酚酸盐高剂量（15mg·kg^-1）治疗组（High-dose treatment group,HT）及低剂量（5mg·kg^-1）治疗组（Low-dose treatment group,LT）,每组10只,其中3组（DC、HT、LT）大鼠给予腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱发糖尿病模型。建模后第7天开始给予治疗组丹参多酚酸盐腹腔注射,NC及DC组大鼠给予相同体积生理盐水注射。给药8周后超声多普勒检测大鼠心功能,转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法（TUNEL法）检测心肌细胞凋亡,免疫组织化学法检测心肌细胞Bcl-2、Caspase-3表达。结果与NC组比较,DC组凋亡心肌细胞数增多（P〈0．05）,Bcl-2表达减弱（P〈0．05）,Caspase-3表达增强（P〈0．05）;与DC组比较,治疗组凋亡细胞数减少（P〈0．05）,Bcl-2表达增强（P〈0．05）,Caspase-3表达减弱（P〈0．05）;应用丹参多酚酸盐治疗后,可有效改善心功能,HT组较LT组作用更加明显,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论糖尿病组大鼠心功能明显下降,丹参多酚酸盐通过增强Bcl-2表达,抑制Caspase-3表达,阻遏心肌细胞凋亡,改善心功能,高剂量丹参多酚酸盐的作用更加明显。     

HPLC法测定千里香叶中黄酮类成分的含量

目的：对千里香叶中的2种主要黄酮类成分5，7，3’，4’-四甲氧基黄酮（化合物Ⅰ）和5，7，3’，4’，5’-五甲氧基黄酮（化合物Ⅱ）进行含量测定。方法：采用反相高效液相色谱法，使用ZORBAX Extend C18柱（250mm×4．6mm，5μm），流动相为甲醇-水（58：42），流速1．2mL·min^-1，检测波长337nm，柱温25℃。结果：化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ进样量在0．5-5μg范围内均有良好的线性关系，相关系数r均为0．9999（n=6）；化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ的平均回收率（n=6）分别为102．8％和99．4％，RSD分别为1．0％和1．4％。结论：本方法能够准确地测定千里香叶中的2种主要黄酮类化合物的含量，测定方法简便、快捷。     

3,4-Disubstituted-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquinazoline-2-thiones: synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and QSAR investigations using Hansch analysis

The 3,4-disubstituted-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquinazoline-2-thione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectral means, and the results of antimicrobial study of these compounds against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans by tube dilution method indicated that 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenylsulfonyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquinazoline-2-thione 6 and 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenylsulfonyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquinazoline-2-thione 12 were the most potential ones. Further, the QSAR studies by Hansch analysis applied to find out the correlation between physicochemical characteristics of synthesized compounds with antimicrobial activity demonstrated the contribution of electronic parameter, total energy (Te) and the topological parameter (valence second order molecular connectivity index (2 chi v). Excellent statistically significant models were developed by Hansch approach (r2 = 0.828-0.898) for the three microorganisms under study. The cross-validated r2 (q2), which is an indication of the predictive capability of the model for all cases was also very good (q2 = 0.776-0.875).     

Synthesis and quantitative structure-activity relationships of antiallergic 2-hydroxy-N-1H-tetrazol-5-ylbenzamides and N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-tetrazole-5-carboxamides

The synthesis and antiallergic activity of a series of 2-hydroxy-N-1H-tetrazol-5-ylbenzamides and isomeric N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-tetrazole-5-carboxamides is described. A relationship between structure and intravenous antiallergic activity in the rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test has been established using a Hansch/Free-Wilson model and used to direct studies toward potent derivatives. The contribution of physicochemical properties to activity is discussed. One member of this series, N-(3-acetyl-5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-tetrazole-5-carboxamide (3f), which was selected for further evaluation, has an ID50 value of 0.16 mg/kg po and is 130 times more potent than disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) on intravenous administration.     

Structure-activity studies of the Phe(4) residue of nociceptin(1-13)-NH(2): identification of highly potent agonists of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor.

A total of 32 compounds was prepared to investigate the functional role of Phe(4) in NC(1-13)-NH(2), the minimal sequence maintaining the same activity as the natural peptide nociceptin. These compounds could be divided into three series in which Phe(4) was replaced with residues that would (i) alter aromaticity or side chain length, (ii) introduce steric constraint, and (iii) modify the phenyl ring. Compounds were tested for biological activity as (a) inhibitors of the electrically stimulated contraction of the mouse vas deferens; (b) competitors of the binding of [(3)H]-NC-NH(2) to mouse brain membranes; and (c) inhibitors of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in CHO cells expressing the recombinant human OP(4) receptor. Results indicate that all compounds of the first and second series were inactive or very weak with the exception of [N(CH(3))Phe(4)]NC(1-13)-NH(2), which was only 3-fold less potent than NC(1-13)-NH(2). Compounds of the third series showed higher, equal, or lower potencies than NC(1-13)-NH(2). In particular, [(pF)Phe(4)]NC(1-13)-NH(2) (pF) and [(pNO(2))Phe(4)]NC(1-13)-NH(2) (pNO(2)) were more active than NC(1-13)-NH(2) by a factor of 5. In the mVD, these compounds showed the following order of potency: (pF) = (pNO(2)) > or = (pCN) > (pCl) > (pBr) > (pI) = (pCF(3)) = (pOCH(3)) > (pCH(3)) > (pNH(2)) = (pOH). (oF) and especially (mF) maintained high potencies but were less active than (pF). Similar orders of potency were observed in binding competition and cAMP accumulation studies. There was a strong (r(2) > or = 0.66) correlation between data observed in these assays. Biological activity data of compounds of the third series were plotted against some Hansch parameters that are currently used to quantify physicochemical features of the substituents. In the three biological assays agonist potency/affinity positively correlates with the electron withdrawal properties of the groups in the p-position of Phe(4) and inversely with their size.     

Quantitative structure–activity relationship analysis of antibacterial cationic anthraquinone analogs using Hansch and Fujita models

A quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) of a library of eighteen cationic anthraquinone analogs was done using the Hansch and Fujita models. This offers a clear understanding of the structural parameter that could be used to explain the antibacterial activity of this class of compounds. The physicochemical parameters taken into consideration here were the Mlog P, partial atomic charge, dipole moment, and the HOMO. These parameters correlate well (q ² > 0.8) with the observed antibacterial activity which provides valuable guidelines for new structural designs to further improve the antibacterial activity.     

Correlation of activity of 2-(X-benzyloxy)-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenones with topological indices and with the Hansch equation.

The antispasmodic activities of the 2-(X-benzyloxy)-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenones (X = H, 4'-F, 4'-NO2, 4'-CH3, 4'-Cl, 3',4'-(CH3)2, 4'-OCH3, 4'-Br, 4'-C(CH3)3, 4'-OCH2C6H5) against acetylcholine-induced contraction of the guinea pig ileum were correlated with different topological indices. Good correlations were obtained through a simple regression equation with electrotopological state indices (Si) for the carbon atoms S(C1) and S(C6). Using multiple linear regression with two variables the best correlations were obtained with carbons in the 6- and 1-positions with sigma. Such results indicate that the corresponding carbon atoms play an important role in the biological activity. The equation of Hansch showed that the activity of these compounds increases when the ring substituent in the benzyloxy group are more highly electron-releasing and hydrophobic.     

蓬子菜总黄酮对过氧化氢损伤的人脐静脉内皮细胞的保护作用

目的:探讨蓬子菜总黄酮对人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HU-VECs)的保护及损伤修复的作用。方法:采用台盼蓝染色法,观察不同剂量蓬子菜总黄酮(12.5～400μg.mL-1)对HUVECs生长的影响;建立过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导HUVECs氧化损伤模型,采用MTT比色法检测细胞增殖,酶联免疫分析方法检测内皮素-1(endothelin,ET-1)和降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin generelated peptide,CGRP)的分泌水平。AO/EB双染色法观察HUVECs的凋亡。结果:与模型组比较,蓬子菜总黄酮能减轻H2O2对HUVECs增殖抑制作用,促进CGRP的分泌,降低ET-1的分泌水平,抑制HUVECs的凋亡。结论:蓬子菜总黄酮对氧化损伤的HUVECs具有保护及修复作用,其机制与调节ET-1和CGRP的分泌有关。     

喹诺酮类化合物及其类似物构效关系的分子力学和量子化学研究

利用ＭＭＰＭ（适于含π体系的分子力学法）和ＣＮＤＯ／２（全略微分重叠半经验分子轨道法）对一系列Ｃ－７位上以碳原子与母体相连的氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物分子进行计算，将计算的分子轨道指数进行多元逐步回归处理，建立了Ｈａｎｓｃｈ回归方程，根据回归方程，对影响抑菌活性的主要因素作了讨论。     

Relationship between vasorelaxation of flavonoids and their retention index in RP-HPLC

In the present study the relationship between the vasodilation of flavonoids and their retention index (RI) was investigated. Retention index (RI) values of 18 flavonoids, including flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavanols and isoflavones were measured by an RP-HPLC method based on alkan-2-ones. Vasorelaxation of the flavonoids was measured by measuring the reduction in tension by flavonoids in rat thoracic aorta precontracted by phenylephrine (PE, 10(-6) mol/L). The results demonstrated that the potency of the vasorelaxation of flavonoids was positive by correlated with RI. The regression equation was Rex 11.68 + 0.11 RI (n = 18, r = 0.915, P < 0.01).