贝克焦虑量表的心理测量学特性、常模分数及因子结构的研究

目的 :探索Back焦虑量表中文版 (BAI)的心理测量学特性、常模分数及因子结构。方法 :对 189例被诊断患有焦虑症或忧郁症的香港精神科门诊病人进行问卷研究。结果 :BAI的内部一致性相当良好 ,全量表 (Cronbachα)系数为 0 .95 ,最高的 5个百分等级之患者焦虑分数为 39分或以上 ,探索因子分析及验证因子分析发现简单的两因子模型能适切地解释BAI的因子结构。结论 :中文版BAI有良好的信度 ,而其因子结构中的两因子 (生理反应因子及焦虑思想因子 )不仅与原来的BAI两因子相似 ,也与认知行为理论对焦虑症的解释逻辑一致。     

Joint Factor Analysis of the Children's Depression Inventory and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale

Used a joint factor analysis with the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI; Kovacs, 1980/81, 1992) and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS; C. R. Reynolds & Richmond, 1978, 1985) to identify items that uniquely measured depression and anxiety. Data from 750 youngsters in Grades 4 through 7 were analyzed using principal-axis factoring with an oblique rotation. Salient factors were identified using guidelines provide by Gorsuch (1997). Item overlap and the large negative affectivity component across instruments were evident. Items that overlapped or had nonsalient loadings were eliminated. The sample was randomly split into 2 groups of 375 and analyses were repeated. Results indicated that a unique 9-item depression factor composed largely of items representing a negative view of oneself existed. In addition, a unique 7-item anxiety factor emerged that consisted of items reflecting worry. The validity of these abbreviated scales was explored using a separate sample of 131 students in Grades 4 through 9. The abbreviated scales were correlated with scales of positive and negative affect consistent with predictions. Findings suggest exploring alternative scoring strategies for the CDI and RCMAS to eliminate problems associated with overlapping items.     

日本学校内焦虑量表在苏州市区的适用性研究

目的 对荒木纪幸编制的初中生学校内焦虑量表进行修订,考察修订后量表的的信效度以及苏州市区初中生学校内焦虑状况.方法 对1349名初中生进行施测,所得资料以SPSS 15.0和Amos 4.0软件进行统计和处理.结果 ①修订后的量表由7个维度组成,共解释方差49.02％,Cronbach'a系数为0.903,验证性因素分...     

Interactive Effects of Anxiety Sensitivity and Subjective Social Status on Psychological Symptomatology in Black Adults

Anxiety sensitivity is the fear of anxiety-related sensations and subjective social status is a self-perception of social standing relative to others: both constructs have been linked to psychological symptomatology. This study investigated the interactive effects of anxiety sensitivity and social status in relation to anxiety and depressive symptomatology expression among 124 black adults. Participants provided sociodemographics and completed self-report questionnaires. The interactive associations between anxiety sensitivity and social status on anxiety symptomatology and depressive symptomatology were examined with hierarchical linear regressions adjusted for sociodemographics and negative affectivity. Significant interactions between anxiety sensitivity and social status were evident only for anxiety symptoms: specifically, the association between anxiety sensitivity and anxiety symptoms was much stronger for individuals with lower (versus higher) subjective social status. Black adults with this higher anxiety sensitivity/lower social status phenotype may be at heightened risk for the expression of anxiety symptomatology, and may benefit from interventions to reduce anxiety sensitivity.     

验证性因子分析在焦虑自评量表中的应用

目的 探讨和检验焦虑自评量表(SAS)在精神科患者中的因子结构.方法 联合采用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析评价SAS的因子结构.结果 探索性因子分析得到4因子,特征根分别为5.49,1.96,1.52,1.12,共解释50.46%的变异.验证性因子分析支持SAS的4因子模型,x2(拟合优度检验)为262.61(P＞0.05),近似误差均方根为0.052.结论 心理科患者SAS呈现4因子结构,SAS在不同人群中的因子结构相对稳定;探索性因子分析与验证性分析的联合运用在心理学量表研究中有重要价值.     

Structure of anxiety symptoms in urban children: competing factor models of the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale

The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS; C. R. Reynolds & B. O. Richmond, 1985) is among the most widely used self-report measures of children's anxiety. The authors compared its current empirically derived factor structure with theory-driven models derived from 8 experts on child anxiety using concept mapping. Confirmatory factor analyses compared models using data from 898 seventh graders in an urban public school system serving a high percentage of African Americans. The most parsimonious best-fitting model was an expert-derived model with factors reflecting anxious arousal, social evaluation-oversensitivity, worry, and a higher order factor. This model was theoretically meaningful, excluded items less relevant to anxiety, and was invariant across gender. Future research with the RCMAS should consider use of these dimensions. The combination of qualitative and quantitative methodology used in this study appeared to have considerable utility for refining measures.     

军人状态-特质焦虑量表的初步编制

目的：编制军人状态-特质焦虑量表。方法：通过对130名军人的预测和357名军人的进一步测试，分析量表的信度和效度指标。结果：量表的内部一致性信度较好，Alpha系数为总量表0．92，状态焦虑量表0．83，特质焦虑量表0．87；效度分析：分量表之间及其与量表总分的相关系数均在0．80以上。结论：军人状态-特质焦虑量表经初步测试．信效度良好。     

Validation of the Polish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in three populations of gynecologic patients

Introduction

We analyzed the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in gynecologic patients.

Material and methods

A total of 252 patients, consisting of three subgroups – endocrinologic gynecology (n = 67), high-risk pregnancy (n = 124), and outpatient gynecologic clinic (n = 61) – responded to the HADS, the 12-item Well-being Questionnaire (W-BQ12), the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Socio-demographic data were obtained by self-report and interviews.

Results

The HADS presented good internal consistency with Cronbach’s α at 0.84 and 0.78 for depression and anxiety subscales, respectively, and 0.88 for the whole questionnaire. The principal component analysis with Eigenvalues > 1 revealed a three-factor structure. Factors 1 (“depression”), and 2 (“anxiety”), as well as the separate Factor 3, explained 23.48%, 21.42%, and 12.07% of the variance, respectively. The items with shared loadings were A1, A3, and A6. The HADS scores correlated strongly with other depression and well-being scales, but not with STAI-X1/X2.

Conclusions

The Polish HADS revealed a three-factor structure, and 3/7 HADS-A items showed ambiguous factor loadings. All other psychometric properties were satisfactory. The HADS seems to be suitable for use in gynecologic patients, preferentially as an indicator for global psychological distress.     

焦虑对高考发挥的影响

目的 了解焦虑对高考发挥的影响,为高考心理调适提供依据。方法 高考前1周在长沙市某中学高三年级3个班施测状态一特质焦虑量表,将他们高考得分和平时成绩（3、4、5月月考成绩平均分）的差值作为高考发挥的指标。从个体之状态焦虑与特质焦虑的关系的角度来考察焦虑对高三学生高考发挥的影响。结果 在英语考试发挥中,状态焦虑与特质焦虑平衡者显著优于不平衡者（P〈0．05）。结论 激发个体潜能的“适度焦虑”并非“中度焦虑”,而是个体状态焦虑与特质焦虑的平衡状态。     

自编大学生考研焦虑量表的信、效度研究

目的编制适合于大学生考研复习阶段的考研焦虑量表,并检验该量表的信度和效度。方法对烟台师范学院的230名被试进行施测,并对其结果进行分析。结果项目分析显示,量表中的16个项目的区分度均很好;量表的内部一致性信度系数为0.8499,Spearnman-Brown分半系数为0.7916;修正后的验证性因素分析的拟合指标CFI为0.988,RMSEA为0.072。结论自编考研前焦虑量表具有较好的信、效度,可作为我国心理学研究的有效工具。     

身体欣赏量表中文修订版在大学生样本中的验证性因素分析

目的:检验身体欣赏量表(Body Appreciation Scale,BAS)中文修订版在中国大学生群体中的因子结构和测量等值性。方法:采用方便取样法,抽取983名大学生完成BAS。对数据进行验证性因素分析结构效度检验、多组比较检验和内部一致性信度检验。结果:验证性因素分析结构效度检验表明与单维结构以及包括所有题项的二维结构相比,剔除两个项目的二维结构模型拟合最佳。验证性因素分析多组比较结果表明剔除两个项目的二维结构模型在男生和女生样本间形态等值、弱等值、强等值和严格测量等值模型均可被接受。总量表内部一致性系数及一般身体欣赏(GBA)、体像投入(BII)的内部一致性系数分别为0.826、0.845、0.669。结论:BAS中文修订版剔除两个项目的二维结构模型更为理想,且在大学男生和女生之间具有测量等值性,可以用于评定大学生身体欣赏体验。     

Principal Dimensions of the Framingham Type A Scale: Differential Relationships to Cardiovascular Reactivity and Anxiety

Abstract

The present investigation sought to identify the principal dimensions of the Framingham Type A scale (FTAS) and then to examine their physiological and psychological correlates. A factor analysis of the FTAS items, which was cross-validated, revealed two factors. Items concerning achievement and competitive-striving loaded primarily on the first factor. Scores on a subscale composed of these items (labeled Competitive Drive) were related to systolic blood pressure reactivity during an interpersonal task but were unrelated to anxiety. FTAS items concerning impatient, time urgent, and domineering propensities loaded primarily on the second factor. Scores on a subscale composed of these items (labeled Speed and Impatience) were not related to cardiovascular reactivity during the task but were related to anxiety. Results are discussed in terms of the psychological heterogeneity of the Type A behavior pattern and possible differences between dimensions of the overall Type A pattern and their association with different manifestations of coronary heart disease.     

Fear of Movement/Injury in the General Population: Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of an Adapted Version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia

In recent years, several studies have pointed out the importance of pain-related fear in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. An important instrument for measuring pain-related fear in the context of low back pain is the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). Recently, a version of this questionnaire has been developed for administration among the general population (TSK-G). To determine the factor structure of the TSK-G, data from a random sample of the Dutch general population were studied separately for people who had had back complaints in the previous year, and people who had been without back complaints. For both groups the TSK-G appeared to consist of one, internally consistent, factor of 12 items. The one-factor TSK-G also appeared valid after comparison with scores on measures of catastrophizing and general health status.     

False Heart Rate Feedback and the Perception of Heart Symptoms in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease and Anxiety

Background  Little is known about the mechanisms explaining an increased perception of heart symptoms in congenital heart disease (ConHD). In the present study, it was suggested that a combination of high trait anxiety and disease history increases the perception of heart symptoms. Purpose  It was tested whether false heart cues will result in an increased perception of heart symptoms in patients with ConHD and anxiety. Method  Thirty-six patients with ConHD and 44 healthy controls performed two exercise tasks. During one of the exercise tasks, participants were exposed to a false heart cue consisting of false heart rate feedback (regular or irregular). Perceived heart symptoms were assessed and heart rate, arterial partial pressure of CO₂, and respirator rate were monitored continuously. Results  In line with the predictions, false heart rate feedback resulted in an increased perception of heart symptoms in high trait anxious patients with ConHD that could not be explained by acute heart dysfunction. However, unexpectedly, this effect was not observed immediately after the false heart rate feedback task but after a second exercise task without false feedback. Conclusion  The results suggest that not the sole presence of ConHD but ConHD in combination with high trait anxiety results in a vulnerability to overperceive heart symptoms.     

Initial Design of Culturally Informed Behavioral Intervention Technologies: Developing an mHealth Intervention for Young Sexual Minority Men With Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Major Depression

Background

To our knowledge, there is no well-articulated process for the design of culturally informed behavioral intervention technologies.

Objective

This paper describes the early stages of such a process, illustrated by the methodology for the ongoing development of a behavioral intervention technology targeting generalized anxiety disorder and major depression among young sexual minority men.

Methods

We integrated instructional design for Internet behavioral intervention technologies with greater detail on information sources that can identify user needs in understudied populations, as well as advances in the understanding of technology-specific behavioral intervention technology dimensions that may need to be culturally tailored.

Results

General psychological theory describing how to effect change in the clinical target is first integrated with theory describing potentially malleable factors that help explain the clinical problem within the population. Additional information sources are then used to (1) evaluate the theory, (2) identify population-specific factors that may affect users’ ability to relate to and benefit from the behavioral intervention technology, and (3) establish specific skills, attitudes, knowledge, etc, required to change malleable factors posited in the theory. User needs result from synthesis of this information. Product requirements are then generated through application of the user needs to specific behavioral intervention technology dimensions (eg, technology platform). We provide examples of considerations relevant to each stage of this process and how they were applied.

Conclusions

This process can guide the initial design of other culturally informed behavioral intervention technologies. This first attempt to create a systematic design process can spur development of guidelines for design of behavioral intervention technologies aimed to reduce health disparities.