妊高征患者外周血中血管内皮生长因子水平及其意义

目的 :通过检测妊高征患者外周血中VEGF水平 ,探讨VEGF在妊高征发病中的作用。方法 :采用双抗体酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测未妊娠妇女 (正常组 ,1 5例 )、正常妊娠妇女 (妊娠组 ,40例 )以及妊高征患者 (妊高征组 ,30例 )外周血中VEGF水平。结果 :妊娠组的VEGF水平 (1 55 2 0± 48 72 )ng/L ,与正常组的 (1 3 2 2± 4 56)ng/L相比 ,明显增高 ,两组比较 ,差异有统计意义 (P <0 0 1 ) ;妊娠组VEGF水平从孕早期开始升高 ,为 (1 2 2 85± 33 39)ng/L ,至孕晚期 (<37周 )达高峰 ,为 (1 85 70± 50 41 )ng/L ,孕足月开始下降 ,为 (1 4 2 45± 47 34)ng/L。妊高征组VEGF水平 (50 76± 2 2 57)ng/L ,明显低于妊娠组晚孕组(1 64 0 8± 52 51 )ng/L ,差异有统计意义(P <0 0 1 ) ;妊高征组随病情的加重 ,VEGF水平呈逐渐下降趋势 ,重度妊高征低于中度妊高征 ,中度妊高征低于轻度妊高征 ,差异统计显著 (分别为P <0 0 1和P <0 0 5)。结论 :VEGF水平显著下降可能是妊高征发病机理中的一个重要因素     

内皮素/一氧化氮系统失调在妊高征发病中的作用

目的 :观察妊高征患者血浆一氧化氮 (NO)和内皮素 (ET)含量的变化并探讨其在妊高征发病中的意义。方法 :应用镉柱比色法和放射免疫法分别对 43例妊高征患者 (妊高征组 )、36例正常妊娠妇女 (对照组 )和 19例正常非孕妇 (正常组 )血浆中NO代谢产物亚硝酸盐 /硝酸盐 (NO-2 /NO-3 )及ET - 1含量进行了检测。结果 :正常妊娠妇女血浆中NO-2 /NO-3 含量 (34.2 9± 10 .15 ) μmol/L明显高于非孕正常组妇女 (11.98± 3 .99)μmol/L ,并随孕周的增加而增加 ,孕中期达高峰 (39.45± 9.16 ) μmol/L ,到孕晚期有所下降 (31.42± 7.86 5 )μmol/L。血浆中ET的含量有所上升 ,但与非孕正常组妇女相比则没有显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;与正常晚期妊娠对照组相比 ,轻、中度妊高征妇女血浆中NO-2 /NO-3 含量虽有所上升 ,但没有明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而重度妊高征妇女则有明显上升 (P <0 .0 5 )。妊高征妇女血浆ET含量 (96 .0 5± 13 .5 7)ng/L与正常晚期妊娠妇女(36 .48± 6 .17ng/L)相比有极显著的上升 (P <0 .0 1) ,并且与妊高征的严重程度成正比 (r =0 .5 2 ,P <0 .0 1) ,ET/NO比值 (2 .47)明显大于正常晚期妊娠对照组妇女 (1.13,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :妊高征患者内皮细胞损伤导致ET/NO系统平衡失调可能在妊高征的发病机     

妊高征患者血浆增加内皮细胞一氧化氮合成的实验研究

目的　研究妊娠高血压综合征 (简称妊高征 ,PIH)患者的血浆对体外培养的内皮细胞一氧化氮 (NO)的影响。　方法　在体外培养的脐静脉内皮细胞中分别加入妊高征患者 (妊高征组 )和正常晚孕妇女 (晚孕组 )的血浆 ,测定 2 4h后培养液中NO代谢产物亚硝酸基 /硝酸基 (NO-2 /NO-3 )。　结果　加入妊高征组血浆的内皮细胞培养液中NO-2 /NO-3 含量为 (7.87± 0 .5 4 ) μmol/L ,加入晚孕组血浆的内皮细胞培养液中NO-2 /NO-3 含量为 (5 .93± 0 .5 9) μmol/L ,前者较后者显著增高 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　妊高征患者的血浆能刺激培养的内皮细胞合成NO。     

妊高征患者血清IL—6和TNFα含量的测定

目的　检测妊娠高血压综合征 (妊高征 )患者外周血中IL - 6和TNF的水平 ,并探讨其与妊高征发病的关系。方法　应用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测正常妊娠妇女 (对照组 ,2 0例 )以及妊高征患者 (妊高征组 ,2 8例 )外周血中IL - 6和TNF的水平。结果　妊高征组IL - 6和TNF分别为 (2 .0 6± 0 .6 8) μ/L、(2 .12± 0 .6 2 ) μg/L ;对照组IL - 6和TNF分别为 (1.0 9± 0 .5 2 ) μn/L、(1.12± 0 .5 6 ) μg/L。两组相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结果　IL - 6和TNF分别引起肾小球基底膜损伤和血管内皮细胞损伤 ,导致血管调节因子失衡。二者水平升高可能是妊高征发病机制中的一个重要因素     

血管内皮生长因子与妊娠高血压综合征的关系研究

目的　探讨血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在妊娠高血压综合征 (妊高征 )发病中的作用。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附法测定 3 5例妊高征患者 (妊高征组 ,其中轻度 10例 ,中、重度 2 5例 )的外周血及其新生儿脐静脉血VEGF水平 ,用免疫组化法测定胎盘中的VEGF水平 ,并以正常晚期妊娠妇女 (正常妊娠组 ) 2 0例和正常未孕妇女 (正常未孕组 )10例为对照。　结果 ( 1)妊高征组外周血VEGF水平为 ( 2 8 66± 9 98)ng/ml,明显高于正常妊娠组 [( 13 15± 8 46)ng/ml,P <0 0 1]和正常非孕组 [( 5 47± 3 5 2 )ng/ml ,P <0 0 1] ;轻度妊高征组血清VEGF水平为 ( 16 75± 7 2 4)ng/ml ,与正常妊娠组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;中、重度妊高征组血清VEGF水平为 ( 3 5 43± 9 0 2 )ng/ml,明显高于对照组和轻度妊高征组 (P均 <0 0 1)。产后三天下降到非孕水平。 ( 2 )妊高征组的新生儿脐血VEGF水平为 ( 4 8 3 5±9 64 )ng/ml ,低于正常妊娠组 ( 5 7 62± 11 19)ng/ml,其差异无统计学意义。两组孕妇的新生儿脐血VEGF水平均高于其母血清 (P均 <0 0 1)。 ( 3 )妊高征组胎盘VEGF轻度表达为 71 4%,中度为 2 8 6%,无重度表达 ;正常妊娠组胎盘VEGF轻度表达为 3 0 %,中度为 45 %,重度为 2 5 %。妊高征组胎盘VEGF表达显著低于     

神经肽Y与妊娠高血压综合征发病的关系

目的　探讨神经肽Y(NPY)与妊娠高血压综合征 (妊高征 )发病的关系。方法　采用放射免疫法测定 3 4例妊高征患者 (妊高征组 ,轻度 10例 ,中度 10例 ,重度 14例 )产前及产后的血浆NPY水平 ,以同期 2 0例正常孕妇(正常妊娠组 )和 10例正常非孕妇女 (正常非孕组 )为对照。结果　正常妊娠组产前血浆NPY水平 (82 .60±2 7.5 9)ng/ml稍低于正常非孕组 (85 .94± 2 8.12 )ng/ml,两组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。妊高征组产前血浆NPY水平为 (148.79± 64 .3 2 )ng/ml,明显高于正常妊娠组和正常非孕组 (P均 <0 .0 1)。轻度妊高征组血浆NPY水平高于正常妊娠组和正常非孕组 ,但差异无显著性 (P均 >0 .0 5 ) ;轻、中、重度妊高征三组间血浆NPY水平差异显著 (P均 <0 .0 1)。产后 3天血浆NPY水平下降到非孕水平。结论　妊高征患者血浆NPY水平升高 ,在妊高征的发生、发展中有一定作用     

妊娠高血压综合征患者血清及脐血瘦素水平的测定分析

目的　探讨妊娠高血压综合征 (妊高征 )患者血清及脐血瘦素水平的变化及其临床意义。方法　采用放射免疫法测定 5 0例妊高征孕妇 (妊高征组 )和 80例正常孕妇 (正常组 )的血清及脐血瘦素水平 ,并对其结果进行相关性分析。结果　①妊高征孕妇血清瘦素水平为 ( 4 0 .0 2± 8.92 ) μg L ,明显高于正常孕妇的 ( 2 4.67± 5 .2 3 ) μg L(P <0 .0 5 ) ;且重度妊高征孕妇血清瘦素水平明显高于中度及轻度孕妇 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。②妊高征孕妇血清瘦素水平与脐血瘦素水平呈正相关 (r =0 .468,P <0 .0 5 )。③妊高征孕妇血清瘦素水平与舒张压呈正相关 (r=0 .5 3 2 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　胎盘缺氧是导致妊高征妇女血清瘦素水平明显升高的主要原因。瘦素水平的高低 ,可反映胎盘缺氧的程度。     

妊娠高血压综合征患者血清β绒毛膜促性腺激素与胎盘催乳素水平测定及其临床意义

用放射免疫分析法(RIA)测定156例妊高征患者(其中轻度71例,中度33例,重度52例)及220名同期正常晚期单胎妊娠孕妇的血清β-hCG、HPL.结果(1)轻、中、重度妊高征患者血清β-hCG分别为14.29±6.25μg/L、18.07±12.44μg/L、21.59±13.67μg/L;正常晚期妊娠组为12.89±5.97μg/L,妊高征组与正常晚期妊娠组比较,差异有高度显著性(P＜0.01);轻、中、重度妊高征妇女血清HPL分别为4.58±1.01μg/L、4.33±1.21μg/L、4 29±0.93μg/L;正常晚期妊娠组为4.29±0.84μg/L,妊高征组与正常晚期妊娠组比较,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结果表明,妊高征患者血清β-hCG水平显著升高,且随妊高征病情程度加重而升高;β-hCG可作为妊高征病情的监测指标之一,HPL水平的变化不能作为妊高征的检测指标.     

妊高征患者血小板α-颗粒膜蛋白及纤维蛋白原的测定

目的 :探讨血小板活化、凝血激活与妊高征的关系及临床意义。方法 :用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法测定 4 4例妊高征患者血浆α -颗粒膜蛋白 (GMP - 140 ) ,由ACL 30 0 0 plus自动血凝仪通过PT-der法测定纤维蛋白原 ;并用相同的方法测定 30例正常妊娠晚期孕妇的上述指标 ,对结果进行统计学分析。结果 :妊高征组GMP - 140值为 30 79± 13 65,轻度妊高征组为 2 0 92± 6 33,中度妊高征组为 2 7 53± 4 98,重度妊高征组为 39 90± 16 17,正常晚孕组为 2 0 0 7± 5 76;妊高征组Fg值为4 91± 1 4 8,轻度妊高征组为 4 4 9± 0 78,中度妊高征组为 4 52± 1 0 1,重度妊高征组为 5 50±1 93,正常晚孕组为 4 15± 0 64。妊高征患者血浆GMP - 140纤维蛋白原含量均明显高于正常晚孕组 (P <0 0 1)。并随病情 (轻、中、重 )呈递增趋势。结论 :血浆GMP - 140水平及Fg含量反映患者血小板活化程度及凝血激活系统功能 ,这是观察妊高征的发生、发展的有效指标 ,对临床上进行危险性评估、判断预后、选择合理的治疗措施等均有一定的指导价值     

血管内皮生长因子在妊娠高血压综合征胎盘中的表达

目的　观察血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在妊娠高血压综合征 (妊高征 )胎盘中的表达情况。方法　用免疫组织化学法 ,检测 34例妊高征胎盘 (妊高征组 )和 30例正常晚孕胎盘 (对照组 )中的VEGF表达水平 ,并作计算机图像分析 ,测定各组标本的阳性染色光度值。结果　VEGF在妊高征胎盘和正常晚孕胎盘中均有表达 ,其分布基本一致 ,主要在滋养细胞、血管内皮及绒毛间质细胞。计算机图像分析结果示 ,妊高征组VEGF阳性染色光度为 0 .2 0 6 88± 0 .0 15 30 ,对照组VEGF阳性染色光度为 0 .2 3780± 0 .0 0 4 34,两组差异有极显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。轻度妊高征的染色光度值为 0 .2 2 6 0 3± 0 .0 0 82 8,中度为 0 .2 0 36 4± 0 .0 0 36 5 ,重度为 0 .1915 1± 0 .0 0 4 4 1,随妊高征病情的加重 ,VEGF表达水平呈下降趋势。结论　妊高征胎盘中VEGF表达水平降低可能与胎盘血管生成减少及胎盘滋养细胞侵入异常有关 ,在妊高征的发病中起重要作用     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.