抑癌基因PTEN及P16蛋白在疣状胃炎及胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨疣状胃炎与胃癌之间的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测PTEN及P16蛋白在慢性浅表性胃炎、疣状胃炎及胃癌组织中的表达.结果:疣状胃炎组PTEN蛋白阳性率显著低于慢性浅表性胃炎组(44.4% vs 92%,χ2=14.47,P＜0.01),而与胃癌组(25.8%)比较无显著差异(χ2=2.51,P＞0.05).疣状胃炎组P16蛋白阳性率显著低于慢性浅表性胃炎组(50% vs 96%,χ2=14.56,P＜0.01),但明显高于胃癌组(19.4%)(χ2=6.80,P＜0.01).结论:抑癌基因PTEN及P16可能参与了疣状胃炎癌变过程.     

残胃黏膜病变与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的 研究幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与残胃黏膜病变的关系.方法 选取胃大部切除术后的残胃患者58例为残胃1组(良性消化性溃疡术后),83例为残胃2组(早期胃癌术后),分别进行胃镜、病理组织学及Hp检测.结果 残胃1组患者胃黏膜炎症(P＞0.05)、活动性(P＜0.05)和Hp感染发生率(P＜0.05)等均高于残胃2组.两组Hp感染者慢性萎缩性胃炎、癌前病变及活动性等均高于未感染者(P＜0.05),而未感染者在残胃2组中的慢性非萎缩性胃炎较感染者更多见(P＜0.05).残胃2组Hp检出率随着胃黏膜病变程度的加重而出现降低趋势(P＞0.05),且癌前病变与Hp感染有相关性(P＜0.05).结论 术后残胃黏膜病变与Hp感染密切相关.     

老年喉癌手术并发症的临床分析

目的 探讨老年喉癌病人手术并发症产生的相关性问题与防治措施.方法 回顾分析1997年10月～2003年10月收治住院的老年(≥60岁)组喉癌病人127例及非老年(＜60岁)组喉癌病人60例的围手术处理资料.结果 老年组和非老年组术后分别有23和6人次发生并发症,均为男性.老年组并发症以感染发生率最高,依次为咽瘘、肺内感染、气管造瘘口感染;其次是应激性胃炎、症状性高血压、并发心力衰竭;发生并发心肺衰竭、下消化道出血者较少;与非老年组比较,差异不显著(χ2=2.288,P＞0.05).术后并发症个体发生情况老龄组有单发也有多发,非老年组以单发为主,二组比较差异(χ2=170,P＞0.01).术后并发症与手术方式的关系,实施半喉切除术后发生并发症老年组与非老年组比较差异显著(χ2=4.10,P＜0.05),实施全喉切除术发生并发症二组差异不显著(χ2=2.928,P＞0.05).而老年组本身实施半喉切除术与全喉切除术发生并发症的差异不显著(χ2=0.89,P＞0.05).术后并发症与全身并存病的关系,无并存病患者术后发生并发症老年组与非老年组比较差异显著(χ2=11.79,P＜0.01);有并存病患者二组差异不显著(χ2=0.039,P＞0.05).而老年组本身无并存病患者与有并存病患者术后发生并发症的差异不显著(χ2=1.77,P＞0.05).结论 老年人机体功能差、并存疾病多,手术后易出现并发症.针对老年人的特点加强围手术特殊问题的防范与处理,能减少并发症,提高治疗效果.     

幽门螺杆菌阳性胃炎患者胃粘膜-氧化氮合酶活力变化的意义

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染时胃粘膜内一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性和一氧化氮(NO)含量与细胞凋亡改变的意义.方法选择慢性活动性胃炎病人27例,其中Hp阳性者15例,Hp阴性者12例正常对照组10例.应用生物化学方法和切口末端标记法(Tunel)检测胃粘膜组织中一氧化氮产物N0-2水平、NOS活性及细胞凋亡指数.结果Hp感染时,胃粘膜NOS活性、NO-2水平及细胞凋亡指数明显升高,较Hp阴性组差异显著(P＜0.01),胃炎积分数与胃粘膜组织中NOS活性和NO-2水平呈明显正相关(r=0.66和0.84,P＜0.01).当根除Hp后,胃粘膜组织NOS活性,NO-2水平及细胞凋亡指数则显著降低,细胞凋亡指数与NOS活性和N0-2水平呈明显正相关(r=0.68和0.79,P＜0.01).结论Hp感染时可引起胃粘膜组织NOS活化,NO过量产生,细胞凋亡增加,这从又一方面说明Hp感染在胃腺癌发病机制中作用.     

幽门螺杆菌感染对消化性溃疡患者胃G,D细胞的影响

目的 探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染对溃疡患者胃G,D细胞的影响.方法 活动性十二指肠溃疡(DU)患者77例根据Hp情况分为A组(Hp根除组)51例,男37例,女14例,年龄35岁±13岁,成功根除Hp;B组(Hp持续阳性组)12例,男9例,女3例,年龄35岁±10岁,未根除Hp;C组(Hp阴性组)14例,男9例,女5例,年龄38岁±12岁.D组为Hp阳性的功能性消化不良(FD)25例,男15例,女10例,年龄38岁±13岁,成功根除Hp.在治疗之前及疗程结束之后1 mo再复查内镜,了解溃疡愈合和Hp感染情况,并取胃窦粘膜查G,D细胞数量(ABC法免疫组化)、促胃液素(Gas)和生长抑素(SST)基因表达(α-32PdATP掺入RT-PCR).结果 治疗后各DU组溃疡灶均愈合.各组胃窦G细胞数量无统计学差异(P＞0.05).Hp阳性组的D细胞数量(个/nlm2,A组9.3±2.4,B组11.9±5.3,D组12.9±5.9)低于Hp阴性患者(C组19.2±5.6个/mm2,P＜0.05),Hp根除之后D细胞数量增多(A组18.5±5.6,D组20.3±7.1个/mm2,P＜0.01),未根除Hp的B组D细胞数量依然较低(10.6±6.4个/mm2).A,D两组间的D细胞数量、G/D细胞比值均接近.治疗前各DU组Gas基因表达水平(A/gq,A组424±152,B组435±114,C组368±184)高于FD组(D组216±95 A/Bq,P＜0.01),Hp阳性DU组(A,B组)与Hp阴性DU组(C组)的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗后不论Hp是否被根除,各DU组(A,B,C组)Gas基因表达有下降趋势,但无统计学差异(P＞0.05),D组在Hp被根除后Gas基因表达水平(113±73 A/Bq)低于根除前(P＜0.05).治疗前FD组SST基因表达水平(D组180±65 A/Bq)高于各溃疡组,Hp阴性的溃疡组(C组120±48 A/Bq)高于Hp阳性溃疡组(A/Bq,A组65±22,B组77±23,P＜0.05);治疗后各组SST基因表达均增加(P＜0.01),但其他组相比Hp持续阳性的B组SST基因表达水平仍然低下(A组324±144,B组147±47,C组541±197,D组369±144 A/Bq,P＜0.05).结论 Hp感染不影响胃G细胞数量,但使D细胞数量减少,SST基因表达下降,Gas基因表达增多;溃疡灶可抑制SST基因表达,刺激促胃液素过度释放.     

慢性多灶萎缩性胃炎患者胃酸分泌与幽门螺杆菌感染及血清胃泌素的关系

目的 研究慢性多灶萎缩性胃炎(BAG)胃酸分泌与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染及血清胃泌素的关系.方法 将200例确诊的慢性胃炎患者根据病理结果分为轻度、中度、重度BAG组及对照组(非萎缩性胃炎组),监测各组患者24小时胃内pH值的变化情况,并检测其幽门螺杆菌及血清胃泌素的含量,各组间进行比较.结果 (1)150例BAG患者中,Hp感染阳性率70%,随着胃粘膜萎缩程度的加重,Hp感染阳性率逐渐上升;(2)各组间血清胃泌素值比较:轻度萎缩组与非萎缩性胃炎组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05),其余各组问比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05;(3)各组pH值分析结果:BAC胃黏膜轻度萎缩时,pH≤2时间百分比较非萎缩性胃炎组升高,pH＞4时间百分比及pH平均值、pH中位值均较非萎缩性胃炎组降低,中度及重度萎缩时pH≤2时间百分比逐渐降低,pH＞4时间百分比及pH平均值、pH中位值逐渐升高.结论 BAG的发生与Hp感染有关,胃粘膜萎缩程度与Hp感染的严重程度有关;BAG胃黏膜轻度萎缩时,血清胃泌素含量无明显变化;中、重度萎缩时,血清胃泌素含量降低;BAc胃黏膜轻度萎缩时,胃酸分泌增多;随着胃黏膜萎缩程度的加重,胃酸分泌逐渐减少.     

老年人Barrett食管的内镜表现及病理特征分析

目的 探讨老年人与非老年人Barrett食管(Barrett's esophagus,BE)的内镜表现及病理特征.方法 将371例BE患者根据年龄分老年组(254例)和非老年组(117例),并对其内镜表现及病理特征进行对比分析.结果 老年组和非老年组BE检出率分别为2.9%和0.9%(χ2=127.8,P＜0.01).2004-2008年,老年组与非老年组BE检出率均呈逐年上升趋势.老年组中有典型反流症状者112例(44.1%),非老年组8718例(66.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=55.9,P＜0.01).老年组全周型BE所占比例较非老年组高,差异有统计学意义(28.7%对10.3%,χ2=14.5,P＜0.01),非老年组岛型所占比例较老年组高,差异有统计学意义(59.5%对71.7%,χ2=4.7,P＜0.05).老年组特异性肠化发生率(42.1%),较非老年组(27.4%)明显升高(χ2=6.9,P＜0.01).老年组中轻中度上皮内瘤变的发生率较非老年组高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.9,P＜0.05).老年组中有2例腺癌,而非老年组未检出腺癌.老年组食管下段Hp检出率为35.5%(65/183),非老年组为40.9%(27/66),两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.40,P＞0.05).结论 老年人BE检出率高于非老年人,老年BE患者特异性肠化生及上皮内瘤变的检出率高于非老年人患者,临床应加强对老年高危人群的随访.     

药瘾者庚型肝炎病毒感染状况及其影响因素

目的:调查湖北地区药瘾者HGV感染状况及其影响因素.方法:检查药瘾者的血清HGV感染指标,用ELISA法检测抗-HGV.结果:716例药瘾者HGV的感染率为12.85%(92例).静脉药瘾者抗-HGV阳性率为16.96%,口服药瘾者为5.73%,两者比较差异有显著性意义(χ2=108.31,P＜0.05),吸毒2年以上者抗-HGV阳性率显著高于吸毒2年以下者(χ2=19.29,P＜0.01);女性药瘾者的抗-HGV阳性率略高于男性药瘾者,但统计学分析差异无显著性意义(χ2=1.36,P＞0.05);345例女性药瘾者中卖淫者抗-HGV阳性率显著高于无卖淫史药瘾者(χ2=4.10,P＜0.05);HBsAg阳性者和HBsAg阴性者抗-HGV阳性率的差异无显著性意义(χ2=1.31,P＞0.05);抗-HCV( )者和抗-HCV(-)者的抗-HGV阳性率差异有显著性意义(χ2=19.26,P＜0.01).所有HGV感染者的肝功能正常.结论:药瘾者具有较高的HGV感染率.药瘾者HGV感染率与吸毒时间呈正相关.     

幽门螺杆菌诱导胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡与Bax蛋白的表达

目的 观察幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染诱导胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡与Bax蛋白表达的关系,探讨Hp诱导胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡的机制.方法 采用脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记(TUNEL)技术原位观察和比较73例慢性胃炎患者胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡情况,对其中50例Hp阳性患者Hp根除前后胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡的变化进行检测;并采用免疫组织化学染色检测Bax蛋白表达变化.结果 Hp阳性患者胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡指数为12.8%,明显高于Hp阴性者(3.6%)(t=6.64,P＜0.01);Hp根除后胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡指数(4.4%)较治疗前明显降低(12.5%,t=5.39,P＜0.01),而持续阳性者凋亡指数无明显降低.Hp阳性患者胃粘膜上皮细胞Bax蛋白表达率为62.3%,显著高于Hp阴性者(35.0%,χ2=4.36,P＜0.05);Bax蛋白表达阳性的Hp阳性患者在Hp根除后Bax阳性细胞密度显著减少(t=3.18,P＜0.01),而Hp未被根除者Bax阳性细胞密度无明显变化.结论 Hp感染可诱导胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡,这可能是Hp参与胃癌发生的重要机制之一;Hp感染可促进Bax蛋白表达增加,这可能是Hp感染诱导胃粘膜上皮细胞凋亡的机制之一.     

胃液血清促胃液素在胃十二指肠病变中比值关系的变化

目的探讨胃液与血清促胃液素的比值关系在胃、十二指肠病变中的变化．方法随机选择1997－03／1997－10入住消化内科的胃病患者，根据内镜检查分成两组，第一组为慢性浅表性胃炎组，29例，第二组33例，包括胃溃疡、十二指肠球部溃疡、残胃癌、糜烂性胃炎等有胃粘膜破损者．全部病例于入院次日清晨从财静脉抽取静脉血2mL注入干燥管内，离心后置于-20℃冰冻待测，常规内镜检查时抽取胃液2mL处理同上，用放射免疫法测定促胃液素含量．结果胃液与血清促胃液素比值＞l者，一组2例，比率6．9％；二组27例，比率81．8％，两组比较有显著性差异，P＜0．01．结论胃粘膜有破损者的胃液、血清促胃液素比值要比无粘膜破损者为高．但当胃窦部已切除，缺乏胃窦G细胞时，则胃液。血清促胃液素均减少，其比值＜1     

妊娠时间与肺结核复发的相关性研究及诊治对策

目的 分析肺结核史患者妊娠时间和肺结核复发间相关性.方法 选取我院收治的有肺结核史的妊娠妇女576例作为研究对象,对其妊娠前肺结核治疗、治愈后妊娠时间、妊娠后复发肺结核等进行分析,总结有肺结核史育龄女性的妊娠时间和肺结核复发之间的关系.结果 肺结核治愈后不同时间段妊娠者的结核复发率比较,差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）,停药后间隔时间越久妊娠,肺结核复发的几率越小.结论 加强孕期痰菌检查,及早发现复发肺结核,提高母婴安全.     

我国骨关节结核诊治的回顾与展望

骨关节结核是危害人们健康的严重感染性疾病,近95％由他处结核病继发而来.罹患骨关节结核疾病后几乎均将致残,严重影响人们的健康、工作和生活.建国以来在党和国家的关心和支持下,骨关节结核的诊治水平取得了长足进步.时至今日,由于多种原因,学科发展和被重视程度受到一定的制约,同整个医疗行业的发展不相适应.回顾过去,展望未来,我们需要重新审视骨关节结核的诊治方法,努力推进骨关节结核诊疗技术的科学发展.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fos and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44~(MAPK) and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between P42/44~(MAPK) and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Raf/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44~(MAPK), c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Overweight and Obesity and Progression of ADPKD

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Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fas and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44MAPK and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between p42/44MAPK and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Rat/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44MAPK, c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Replication and Inhibitors of Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses

The Enterovirus (EV) and Parechovirus genera of the picornavirus family include many important human pathogens, including poliovirus, rhinovirus, EV-A71, EV-D68, and human parechoviruses (HPeV). They cause a wide variety of diseases, ranging from a simple common cold to life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis and myocarditis. At the moment, no antiviral therapy is available against these viruses and it is not feasible to develop vaccines against all EVs and HPeVs due to the great number of serotypes. Therefore, a lot of effort is being invested in the development of antiviral drugs. Both viral proteins and host proteins essential for virus replication can be used as targets for virus inhibitors. As such, a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication is pivotal in the design of antiviral strategies goes hand in hand with a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of knowledge of EV and HPeV replication and how this can be inhibited by small-molecule inhibitors.     

Effects of sex and time of day on metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice

Non-invasive techniques to monitor stress hormones in small animals like mice offer several advantages and are highly demanded in laboratory as well as in field research. Since knowledge about the species-specific metabolism and excretion of glucocorticoids is essential to develop such a technique, we conducted radiometabolism studies in mice (Mus musculus f. domesticus, strain C57BL/6J). Each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 740 kBq of 3H-labelled corticosterone and all voided urine and fecal samples were collected for five days. In a first experiment 16 animals (eight of each sex) received the injection at 9 a.m., while eight mice (four of each sex) were injected at 9 p.m. in a second experiment. In both experiments radioactive metabolites were recovered predominantly in the feces, although males excreted significantly higher proportions via the feces (about 73%) than females (about 53%). Peak radioactivity in the urine was detected within about 2h after injection, while in the feces peak concentrations were observed later (depending on the time of injection: about 10h postinjection in experiment 1 and about 4h postinjection in experiment 2, thus proving an effect of the time of day). The number and relative abundance of fecal [3H]corticosterone metabolites was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC separations revealed that corticosterone was extensively metabolized mainly to more polar substances. Regarding the types of metabolites formed, significant differences were found between males and females, but not between the experiments. Additionally, the immunoreactivity of these metabolites was assessed by screening the HPLC fractions with four enzyme immunoassays (EIA). However, only a newly established EIA for 5alpha-pregnane-3beta,11beta,21-triol-20-one (measuring corticosterone metabolites with a 5alpha-3beta,11beta-diol structure) detected several peaks of radioactive metabolites with high intensity in both sexes, while the other EIAs showed only minor immunoreactivity. Thus, our study for the first time provides substantial information about metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice and is the first demonstrating a significant impact of the animals' sex and the time of day. Based on these data it should be possible to monitor adrenocortical activity non-invasively in this species by measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites with the newly developed EIA. Since mice are extensively used in research world-wide, this could open new perspectives in various fields from ecology to behavioral endocrinology.     

心电图、心电向量图与冠状动脉造影结果对比分析

目的:通过分析心电图(Electrocardiogram,ECG)和心电向量图(Vectorcardiogram,VCG)的改变与冠脉造影（CAG）结果进行对比,探讨ECG、VCG在冠状动脉病变中的诊断价值。方法: 选择2008年1月~2009年12月临床拟诊断为冠心病患者108例,行常规ECG、VCG检查,并于1周内进行CAG,对检查结果依据各自的诊断标准进行判定,以CAG为标准诊断法,利用四格表法,计算相关评价真实性的指标并进行比较。结果: ①VCG检测的灵敏度、特异度、准确度显著高于ECG(P<0.05,P<0．01)。②ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变支数组间比较:在单支病变、双支病变中,VCG阳性率明显高于ECG(P<0.05),左主干或三支病变无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变、双支病变阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01);VCG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变阳性率高(P<0.05);与双支病变阳性率比较无统计学意义;③ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变程度组间比较:冠脉病变狭窄50%～69%的VCG阳性率明显高于ECG (P<0.05),其他两组阳性率比较无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组冠脉病变狭窄≥90%较50%～69%、70%～89%的阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01); VCG组狭窄≥90%较50%～69%阳性率高（P<0.01),其他无统计学意义。结论: VCG对冠心病检测价值显著高于ECG。     

Detection and characterization of the product of hydroethidine and intracellular superoxide by HPLC and limitations of fluorescence

Here we report the structural characterization of the product formed from the reaction between hydroethidine (HE) and superoxide (O(2)(.-)). By using mass spectral and NMR techniques, the chemical structure of this product was determined as 2-hydroxyethidium (2-OH-E(+)). By using an authentic standard, we developed an HPLC approach to detect and quantitate the reaction product of HE and O(2)(.-) formed in bovine aortic endothelial cells after treatment with menadione or antimycin A to induce intracellular reactive oxygen species. Concomitantly, we used a spin trap, 5-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (BMPO), to detect and identify the structure of reactive oxygen species formed. BMPO trapped the O(2)(.-) that formed extracellularly and was detected as the BMPO-OH adduct during use of the EPR technique. BMPO, being cell-permeable, inhibited the intracellular formation of 2-OH-E(+). However, the intracellular BMPO spin adduct was not detected. The definitive characterization of the reaction product of O(2)(.-) with HE described here forms the basis of an unambiguous assay for intracellular detection and quantitation of O(2)(.-). Analysis of the fluorescence characteristics of ethidium (E(+)) and 2-OH-E(+) strongly suggests that the currently available fluorescence methodology is not suitable for quantitating intracellular O(2)(.-). We conclude that the HPLC/fluorescence assay using HE as a probe is more suitable [corrected] for detecting intracellular O(2)(.-).     

荣宝和氯硝柳胺灭螺效果比较及成本分析

目的 评价新型灭螺药物荣宝杀灭钉螺的效果,探讨其推广应用价值.方法 按目前推荐的荣宝灭螺剂量,喷洒法为30 g/m2,浸杀法为50 g/m3;氯硝柳胺喷洒法和浸杀法分别采用2 g/m2和2 g/m3杀螺剂量,分别在室内和现场进行灭螺试验,观察两种药物的灭螺效果并初步分析评估其成本.结果 在现场气温22～30℃条件下,荣宝50 g/m3浸杀3、5、7 d后,螺袋内钉螺校正死亡率均达到100.0%,与氯硝柳胺2 g/m3灭螺效果相似;荣宝30 g/m2剂量喷洒3、5、7、15 d后,钉螺校正死亡率分别为54.5%、58.0%、69.0%、79.1%,氯硝柳胺喷洒组钉螺校正死亡率分别为61.0%、69.4%、76.7%、77.9%.在室温18℃条件下,荣宝以30 g/m2喷洒3、5、7、15 d后,钉螺校正死亡率分别为72.9%、87.2%、91.5%、76.1%;而相应2 g/m2氯硝柳胺喷洒后的钉螺校正死亡率分别为81.3%、95.7%、97.9%、80.4%.同样完成1000 m2的喷洒灭螺任务,荣宝所需灭螺药物和人力资费成本比氯硝柳胺多支出0.114元/m2;完成72 m3的浸杀灭螺任务,荣宝所需灭螺药物和人力资费成本比氯硝柳胺多支出0.127元/m3.50 g/m3荣宝浸杀灭螺剂量,对成鱼(＞250 g)的活力不会造成影响,但对鱼类幼苗仍具较强毒性.结论 荣宝与氯硝柳胺灭螺效果相似,由于其成本较高,氯硝柳胺仍然是目前首选灭螺药物,但荣宝的鱼类毒性低,可作为氯硝柳胺之外有益的补充灭螺药物.