78例老年病人胰十二指肠切除术体会

胰十二指肠切除术(PD)是目前治疗胰头及壶腹周围恶性肿瘤的主要手术方式之一.由于手术范围广,创伤大,并发症多,其病死率较高[1].尤其对老年病人,更是严峻的挑战.苏州大学医学部第三临床医院从2005年1月至2008年7月共施行老年胰十二指肠切除术78例,其中33例超过70岁,最年长者达85岁,体会如下.     

78例老年病人胰十二指肠切除术体会

胰十二指肠切除术(PD)是目前治疗胰头及壶腹周围恶性肿瘤的主要手术方式之一.由于手术范围广,创伤大,并发症多,其病死率较高[1].尤其对老年病人,更是严峻的挑战.苏州大学医学部第三临床医院从2005年1月至2008年7月共施行老年胰十二指肠切除术78例,其中33例超过70岁,最年长者达85岁,体会如下.     

老年病人胰十二指肠切除术可行性评价

目的 探讨对老年病人实施胰十二指肠切除术的可行性,总结降低术后并发症发生率和病死率的经验。方法 回顾性分析2002年5月至2007年5月复旦大学附属华东医院普外科行164例胰十二指肠切除术的临床资料,分析老年和非老年病人术前身体状况的评估指标、术后并发症和死亡危险因素。结果 老年与非老年病人术前ASA评分及心功能分级差异有统计学意义。老年病人术后院内病死率高于非老年病人,死亡病例多发生在术后30d以后,两组术后并发症发生率的差异无统计学意义。术前低蛋白血症、术中失血＞1000mL是术后并发症发生的危险因素。术后院内死亡的危险因素为年龄＞70岁、术前低蛋白血症、术前合并冠心病和心功能分级＞2 。结论 老年病人并不是胰十二指肠切除术的绝对禁忌证,术前改善营养状况,加强术后监护及治疗是降低并发症发生率和术后病死率的有效手段。     

胰头十二指肠切除术78例临床分析

胰头十二指肠切除术是治疗胰腺恶性肿瘤的主要方法,也是普通外科风险较高的手术之一.2002年7月-2008年6月兰州大学第一医院普外二科共实施78例,现分析如下.     

高龄病人胰十二指肠切除术32例

胰十二指肠切除术是一个复杂而危险的手术,然而是治疗Vater壶腹、十二指肠第二、三部和胆总管远端癌肿和胰头癌的首选方法。我们有胆管下段癌行胰十二指肠切除术后16年仍健在的病例。近年来,由于外科技术的不断完善,切除率明显提高。术后支持治疗的加强,术后病死率明显下降,使胰十二指肠切除术成为一种安全的手术。但对高龄病人行胰十二指肠切除术仍是一个严重的挑战。     

老年胰十二指肠切除术31例分析

目的总结老年病人胰十二指肠切除术（Pancreaticoduodenectomy，PD）的临床经验。方法回顾性分析31例60岁以上病人行PD治疗的临床资料。结果术中零输血，无胰瘘及胆痿．无围手术期死亡。结论术前矫治并存疾病，术中全面监护及精细操作。术后中西医结合防治并发症是老年PD成功的保证。     

胰十二指肠切除术191例治疗体会

本报道我院1990年～2001年191例胰十二指肠切除术，无1例手术死亡，现就胰十二指肠切除术的术式选择、适应证及如何预防吻合口漏等进行分析讨论。     

腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术45例体会

目的探讨腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术治疗壶腹部周围疾病的可行性和安全性,评估腹腔镜下不保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术（LPD）和保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术（LPPPD）的围手术期情况及并发症发生情况。方法回顾性分析本治疗组2010年1月至2014年3月期间行腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术治疗壶腹部周围疾病的45例患者的临床资料。根据患者手术方式分为LPD组及LPPPD组。结果本组行腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术的45例患者中有25例行LPD,有20例行LPPPD。1围手术期情况：手术时间为（472.95±33.47）min,术中出血量为（202.84±108.74）mL,术后ICU监护时间为（1.29±3.04）d,术后住院时间为（15.07±5.48）d。LPD组和LPPPD组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后胃肠道减压时间及术后进食时间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但LPPPD组的术后ICU监护时间明显长于LPD组（P=0.028）。2术后并发症情况：有25例（55.56%）患者术后发生了并发症,其中胰瘘10例,胆汁漏1例,胃排空障碍6例,感染3例,吻合口出血2例,肠系膜血栓形成1例,术后腹腔积液1例,乳糜瘘1例。LPD组和LPPPD组总并发症发生率及具体的并发症发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。LPPPD组术后死亡1例。结论本组研究结果初步提示,腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术治疗壶腹部周围疾病是可行的、安全的;另外LPPPD能够一定程度上避免幽门切除术后引起的消化液的返流等并发症,提高了患者术后的营养状态和生活质量。     

胰十二指肠切除术173例临床体会

目的总结胰十二指肠切除术(pancreaticoduodenectomy,PD)的临床经验。方法回顾性分析2015年8月至2016年7月本院施行PD的173例临床资料。结果 173例PD术后病理检查明确诊断:胰腺癌83例(48.0%),十二指肠乳头腺癌28例(16.2%),胆管癌22例(12.7%),壶腹癌12例(7.0%),神经内分泌肿瘤8例(4.6%),其他20例(11.6%)。术后并发症:低蛋白血症172例(99.4%),肝功能不全56例(32.4%),肺不张或者肺部感染35例(20.2%),胰瘘28例(16.2%),胸腔积液21例(12.1%),腹腔出血3(1.7%),胃肠吻合口瘘1例(0.6%),上消化道出血1例(0.6%),死亡2例(1.2%)。结论妥善的围手术期处理,精细的手术操作,特别是胰瘘的预防和处理是成功实施PD的关键。     

胰十二指肠切除术15例护理体会

目的 探讨如何提高胰十二肠切除术后护理质量。方法 对我院在2004年5月-2007年8月施行15例胰十二肠切除术的护理经验进行回顾性分析。结果 15例胰腺癌患者治愈出院。术后发生2例胰漏,3例上消化道出血,均经保守治疗后治愈。1例腹腔出血,经剖腹止血治愈。未发现有胆漏及死亡病例。结论 在掌握好优良外科技术的同时,配合做好围手术期护理工作,是提高胰十二指肠切除的治愈率和减少术后并发症和死亡率的重要措施。     

Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. Experience in 20 patients.

Twenty patients underwent a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy for benign or malignant periampullary and pancreatic disease. Eighteen patients had a partial and two patients a total pancreatectomy. There were 19 elective and 1 emergency operations. Post-operative mortality was 4% (1/20 patients) and the median follow up was 31 months (range, 15-75 months), during which period 8 patients with a malignant disease died. Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy did not compromise survival in ampullary cancer. One patient developed a marginal ulcer during the study period and one of twelve patients, examined by technetium scintigraphy (done more than 3 months after the procedure), had delayed gastric emptying. Two patients presented with a gastric retention as the first sign of recurrent pancreatic cancer. The result of the operation was judged as excellent in 7 patients, good in 8 and as bad in only 2 of the 17 patients who survived more than 6 months. Body weight was studied in 15 patients surviving more than one year after operation; five patients had gained weight, two had lost weight and in 8 there was no difference. Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy seems to be a valuable alternative in the treatment of patients with benign and selected malignant pancreaticobiliary disease.     

Postoperative complications and survival after pancreatoduodenectomy in patients aged over 70 years

An analysis of postoperative complications and survival was conducted in 31 patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for carcinoma of the pancreas or periampullary carcinoma. Of them, 11 were over 70 years of age and 20 were under 70. Anastomotic leakage was the most common complication after PD. Definite pancreatic leakage was found in one patient in the over 70 group, and one case each of pancreatic, biliary, and gastric leakage were found in the under 70 group. All complications were treated conservatively without any further operative intervention. The overall morbidity rate was 41.9% (13/31), being 45.5% (5/11) in the over 70 group and 40.0% (8/20) in the under 70 group, and no operative deaths occurred within 30 days after surgery. The cumulative survival rate of the patients aged over 70 years with carcinoma of the pancreas or periampullary carcinoma did not differ significantly from the rate of those under 70. It was thus concluded that PD achieves an adequate prognosis and survival in patients over 70 years of age.     

Experience with pancreatoduodenectomy in a cancer hospital

Records of twenty-nine patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, ampulla of Vater, common bile duct, and colon who were treated with pancreatoduodenectomy were reviewed. Operative mortality was 24 per cent. Survival was adversely affected by incomplete excision of the primary lesion, the presence of metastases in lymph nodes, and severe biliary obstruction. Twenty-two patients (76 per cent) died from the operation or were not cured. Pancreatoduodenectomy was of dubious value in the treatment of carcinoma of the head of the pancreas.     

胰十二指肠切除术后胃瘫治疗体会

手术后胃瘫综合征(postsurgical gastroparasis syndrome,PGS)是术后以胃流出道非机械性梗阻为主要征象的功能性疾病,以胃排空迟缓为主要表现的胃动力紊乱综合征.     

胰十二指肠切除术后胃瘫治疗体会

手术后胃瘫综合征(postsurgical gastroparasis syndrome,PGS)是术后以胃流出道非机械性梗阻为主要征象的功能性疾病,以胃排空迟缓为主要表现的胃动力紊乱综合征.     

胰十二指肠切除术后胃瘫治疗体会

手术后胃瘫综合征(postsurgical gastroparasis syndrome,PGS)是术后以胃流出道非机械性梗阻为主要征象的功能性疾病,以胃排空迟缓为主要表现的胃动力紊乱综合征.     

胰十二指肠切除术中胰管空肠吻合的经验

胰十二指肠切除术是胰头癌、总胆管下段癌、壶腹部及部分十二指肠恶性肿瘤首选的手术方法。近年来手术死亡率明显减少，但术后并发症仍然未见明显减少。本总结本院近15年来43例胰十二指肠手术的经验，并予报告。