共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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实验发现F30385是一个兼具明显杀日本血吸虫童虫与成虫的硝基呋喃丙烯酰胺类的口服药物。小白鼠一次口服F30385的半数致死置为979±98毫克/公斤(P=0.95)。小白鼠感染尾蚴后4-11天,一次口服F30385 11.4毫克/鼠,减虫率高达90-99%,显著比对32天成虫的杀虫作用强。按等毒性剂量用F30385及F30066治疗小白鼠与兔血吸虫病的结果,F30385的疗效比F30066高。7只感染血吸虫病的犬用总剂量为700毫克/公斤的7-14天疗法治疗后,减虫率为95%。动物口服F30385后的毒性反应主要为胃肠道刺激与肾和肝的受损。小白鼠病理观察结果认为,停药后病变均渐恢复。 相似文献
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敌百虫是有机磷杀虫剂,又是胆碱酯酶抑制剂。本文試驗动物內用敌百虫的毒性和对日本血吸虫病的疗效,以及阿託品和PAM对敌百虫毒性与疗效的影响。小白鼠灌胃和皮下注射敌百虫1次的LD50分別为0.8和0.6克/公斤。小白鼠在服敌百虫前30分钟注射阿託品和PAM的解毒效能比单用阿託品或单用PAM为佳。家兔每天灌胃30或60毫克/公斤共2周,抑制血浆胆碱酯酶活力70%左右。猴子灌胃剂量从4毫克/公斤开始,逐日递增4毫克/公斤,至第6天不食,胆碱酯酶活力也明显受到抑制,第7天躺臥不动,停药5天后恢复。小白鼠每天灌胃敌百虫200毫克/公斤,經2周后平均每鼠余存虫13±5条,和对照组24±6条相差非常显著.兔每天灌胃30毫克/公斤或皮下注射40毫克/公斤历2周后虫数也有减少.狗口服敌百虫2周后粪便转为阴性.然后停药2周解剖,平均每狗余存虫8±9条,比对照组6狗平均47±29条显著减少。在病狗治程中,血清磺溴酞钠存留率与血象无明显改变,血浆胆碱酯酶活力降为原来水平的25%左右.停药2周后恢复至原来水平的75%左右。敌百虫与吐酒石合并使用比单独应用一药治疗的效果要更好。阿品及PAM并不减弱敌百虫的疗效。敌百虫对动物的日本血吸虫病确有疗效,价格低廉,且可口服,为找寻有效的非锑剂开辟了新的途径。 相似文献
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抗血吸虫病新药毗噻硫酮[化学名:4-甲基-5-(2’-吡嗪基)-1,2-二噻茂-3-硫酮](国外商品名Oltipraz)对感染曼氏血趿虫的小白鼠,ED_(50)为每天日服50 mg/kg,连服5天,活性高于硝唑咪2倍。猴体给药ED_(50)为20mg/kg。小白鼠LD_(50)为>5g/kg(口服)。鼠与猴体内,无诱变因素和免疫抑制作用。另给剂量45mg/鼠,分3天灌胃,减虫率为71%,减雌率88%。临床治疗埃及、曼氏和间插血吸虫病321例,剂量为每天15mg/kg与25mg/kg连服2天,低剂量组治愈率为86%,高剂量组治愈率为94%。若增加剂量、延长疗程,则疗效更佳。 相似文献
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庄庆棋 《国外医学(药学分册)》1974,(3)
黄连素对于大鼠实验性阿米巴病的保护作用在“同时给药研究”(在感染后8小时用药)和“延缓给药研究”(从感染后10天开始用药)时都可采用二种剂量进行研究,即50毫克/公斤和100毫克/公斤。实验以氯碘喹啉(消虫痢,Iodochlorhydroxy quinoline)作有效对照(100毫克/公斤)。药物口服5天。结果表明,在“同时”给药组,硫酸黄连素50毫克/ 相似文献
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《中国医药工业杂志》1982,(4)
呋喃双胺,化学名:反式β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)-N-(2-哌啶乙基)丙烯酰胺(Ⅰ),是继呋喃丙胺(F-30066)之后又一具有较强杀日本血吸虫童虫与成虫的口服药物。其盐酸盐F-30385(Ⅱ),在治疗实验动物的日本血吸虫病时,有比呋喃丙胺更好的疗效。1964年曾在嘉兴等地进行小规模临床试用,因消化道副反应较重而中止。后改用其游离盐基——呋喃双胺(F-30642)的细粉,对小鼠血吸虫病的化疗指数为呋喃丙胺的两倍,在等疗效基础上对兔的肠粘膜刺激也比呋喃丙胺与F-30385为轻。以呋喃双胺肠溶片与敌百虫注射剂合用,在浙江、江苏 相似文献
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吡喹酮衍生物′S77078、S78015、S79046和21542对小鼠血吸虫均有明显的杀死作用。S78015、S79046和21542的剂量为200~400mg/kg/d,疗程2天,对病鼠的减虫率分别为22.5~53.9%、27.6%和32.8~66.9%;S77078 200~600mg/kg/d,疗程1~2天的减虫率为60.1~97.3%,与吡喹酮的83.6~95.6%的相近似。当S77078每天总剂量为30~60mg/Kg、疗程1~2天,对病兔和病犬的减虫率分别为18.3~40.8%和53.7~80.4%,均较吡喹酮的30~60mg/kg×1天的97.1~97.3%和89.7~98.5%的为低。 相似文献
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Sayed H. Seif el-Din Naglaa M. El-Lakkany Mona A. Mohamed Manal M. Hamed Olov Sterner Sanaa S. Botros 《Pharmaceutical biology》2014,52(2):144-150
Context. Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae), Ficus elastica Roxb. (Moraceae) and Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) have been traditionally used to treat many diseases.Objective: The antischistosomal activity of these plant extracts was evaluated against Schistosoma mansoni.Materials and methods: Male mice exposed to 80?±?10 cercariae per mouse were divided into two batches. The first was divided into five groups: (I) infected untreated, while groups from (II–V) were treated orally (500?mg/kg for three consecutive days) by aqueous stem latex and flowers of C. procera, latex of F. elastica and ether extract of Z. officinale, respectively. The second batch was divided into four comparable groups (except Z. officinale-treated group) similarly treated as the first batch in addition to the antacid ranitidine (30?mg/kg) 1?h before extract administration. Safety, worm recovery, tissues egg load and oogram pattern were assessed.Results. Calotropis procera latex and flower extracts are toxic (50–70% mortality) even in a small dose (250?mg/kg) before washing off their toxic rubber. Zingiber officinale extract insignificantly decrease (7.26%) S. mansoni worms. When toxic rubber was washed off and ranitidine was used, C. procera (stem latex and flowers) and F. elastica extracts revealed significant S. mansoni worm reductions by 45.31, 53.7 and 16.71%, respectively. Moreover, C. procera extracts produced significant reductions in tissue egg load (~34–38.5%) and positively affected oogram pattern.Conclusion: The present study may be useful to supplement information with regard to C. procera and F. elastica antischistosomal activity and provide a basis for further experimental trials. 相似文献
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The effect of praziquantel (CAS 55268-74-1) on serum nitrate/nitrite level (a marker for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis) in S. mansoni infected mice was studied. The effects of the NO precursor (L-arginine) and NO-synthase inhibitor (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME) on the effect of praziquantel on nitrate/nitrite level as well as on its antischistosomal activity were also evaluated. Praziquantel increased nitrate/nitrite level in serum of infected mice in a dose dependent manner. An oral dose of 75 mg/kg praziquantel produces a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum nitrate/nitrite level by about 3.5 fold. Administration of L-arginine (200 mg/kg orally) induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in nitrate/nitrite level (to about 5 fold) compared to praziquantel 75 mg/kg alone. Praziquantel-induced increase in nitrate/nitrite level was significantly reduced by administration of L-NAME 100 mg/kg. The antischistosomal activity of praziquantel was evaluated using two models: hepatic shift model and reduction of worm burden. In the hepatic shift model, praziquantel increased the percentage of worms in the liver (from 5% in control to 60%). Praziquantel-induced hepatic shift was not significantly affected by concurrent L-arginine or L-NAME administration. In the second model, praziquantel induced a significant decrease of the worm burden (p < 0.05) and the action of praziquantel was significantly increased by L-arginine and reduced by L-NAME administration. In conclusion, NO is possibly involved in the antibilharzial effect of praziquantel and administration of L-arginine with praziquantel produces beneficial antibilharzial effect. 相似文献