不同剂型,剂量的肾上腺皮质激素治疗小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜 …

三种不同剂型、剂量的肾上腺皮质激素治疗小儿特发性血小板关怀紫癜,结果表明,对出血症状的控制速度,地塞米松冲击组优于甲基强的松龙冲击组,也优于强的松组;血小板计数的升高幅度也是冲击组优于常规剂量组,差异有显著意义;治疗后ＰＡＩｇＧ的下降在冲击治疗组优于常规剂量组。建议;对于急性出血症状明显、且ＰＡＩＧｇＧ增高也较明显的患儿,应着选大剂量糖皮质扩冲击治疗。     

不同剂量人血丙种球蛋白治疗小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜疗效观察

本组应用不同剂量人血丙种球蛋白治疗小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜２２例，其中肌注丙球每日３２０ｍｇ，连用５日１０例，静脉输注低ｐＨ静脉注射人血丙球每日４００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，连用５日８例；每日输注１ｇ／ｋｇ１次４例。以Ｔ检验方法计算观察。３组治疗后血小板计数分别为１２７．５±５３．７１×１０＾９／Ｌ，２０６．５±１４４．８４×１０＾９／Ｌ，２３８．２５±１１０．２７±１０＾９／Ｌ，３组治疗后血小板数比较无统     

不同剂量人血丙种球蛋白治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜疗效观察

本文通过观察不同剂量人血丙种球蛋白(丙球)治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP),治疗前后血小板及相关因素变化,现报告如下。 资料与方法 一、一般资料 1996年1月～2000年6月住院治疗ITP患儿32例,均符合特发性血小板减少紫癜诊疗建议(修订草案)诊断标准。男20例,女12例;年龄6个月～12岁,平均年龄5岁6个月。急性型24例,慢性型8例。分为小剂量丙球治疗组(小剂量组)12例(急性型9例,慢性型3例);标     

大剂量甲基强的松龙治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜的疗效观察

为探讨不同方法给予大剂量甲基强的松龙 (MP)治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)的疗效。通过A、B两组大剂量MP与C组常规剂量强的松治疗ITP的疗效对照进行研究。其中A组予MP 2 0～ 3 0mg kg·d ,连用三天后改为强的松口服 ;B组予MP2 0～ 3 0mg kg·d ,连用三天后减半量再用三天 ,后改为强的松口服 ;C组予强的松 1～ 2mg kg·d口服。结果 ,有效率比较 ,治疗B组 ( 95 8% )与A组 ( 89 4% )比较无显著性差异 ,两治疗组与对照C组 ( 72 % )比较有显著性差异。治疗后血小板计数变化比较 ,治疗后 7天和 14天 ,B组血小板数明显高于A、C二组 ,B、A二组及B、C二组均有显著性差异。结果示 :治疗B组治疗ITP能迅速减轻出血症状 ,升高血小板数 ,有效率高 ,偶见副作用 ,是治疗ITP的一种安全有效的方法 ,值得临床推广。     

大剂量丙种球蛋白治疗婴幼儿急性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床观察

1999年6月～2000年6月，我所应用大剂量丙种球蛋白治疗婴幼儿急性特发性血小板减少性紫癜14例(所有病例均为初诊病例)，取得了良好疗效，现报告如下：     

进一步提高小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜的研究水平

特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ＩＴＰ）是常见的小儿获得性出血性疾病,其年发病率为小儿群体的４／１０万～８／１０万［１］。小儿病例多为急性型。急性ＩＴＰ病例中７％～２８％可转为慢性型［１,２］。一、关于诊断、治疗问题１９８７年全国小儿血液病学术会议拟定了“特...     

大剂量地塞米松冲击疗法治疗小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜

特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）是小儿时期常见的出血性疾病，婴幼儿严重者易致颅内出血，首选糖皮质激素是快速有效经济的治疗方法，我院用大剂量地塞米松冲击疗法治疗小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP），疗效较好，现总结我院5年来收治的100例特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）患儿的治疗结果，报道如下：     

特发性血小板减少性紫癜125例临床疗效分析

本文总结了常用的五种治疗ＩＴＰ方案,探讨适合我国国情及小儿ＩＴＰ特点的治疗方法,Ⅰ组口服氨肽,素。Ⅱ组在Ⅰ组在的基础上加氢化考的松静点后改强的松口服。Ⅲ组在Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的基础上加用ＩＶＩｇ。Ⅳ组则在Ⅰ组基础上单用ⅣＩｇ。Ⅴ组在Ⅰ、Ⅱ组基础上加长春新碱静注。结果：五组治疗总有效率分别为１００％、８１．７％、７５％、６０％、５０％。统计学处理后Ⅰ组疗效优于Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,而Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组之间疗效无显著差异。结     

特发性血小板减少性紫癜125例疗效分析

特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ＩＴＰ）是儿科常见的出血性疾病,目前无特异的治疗方法。我们４年来共收治ＩＴＰ患儿１２５例次,使用５种不同的治疗方案,现将治疗结果报告如下。对象：１２５例ＩＴＰ患儿均为住院病例,符合全国第五届血栓与止血学术会议修订的ＩＴＰ诊断标...     

CEREBELLAR-ATAXIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM UNDER TREATMENT

ABSTRACT. Animal experiments and observations on quantitative growth of human cerebellum suggest a critical period when its development is particularly vulnerable to hypothyroidism. Sixty-seven patients aged 7–24 years with hypothyroidism under long-term treatment were examined for ataxic symptoms. These were found in 24 of 39 patients (60%) hypothyroid before or during the third month of life. Only 4 of 18 patients (20 %) hypothyroid later had cerebellar symptoms. Such symptoms could be evidence for the onset of hypothyroidism before or during the 3rd month of life. Seventeen (80%) of mentally retarded patients had cerebellar symptoms compared with 11 (30%) of 45 attending normal school. Even retrospecitvely, these data might permit a more accurate prognosis of further mental development in hypothyroid children.     

小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜血小板相关抗体、T细胞亚群检测及其临床意义

本文对1989年9月至1995年2月收治的112例小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜的血小板相关性抗体、T细胞亚群检测及其临床意义进行了探讨。结果表明：急、慢型无论是OKT3及OKT4+均低于正常对照组，且有显著性差异，P值均＜0．05；而OKT8+与正常对照组相比则较高，P值＜0．025。但是，急、慢两型相比均未见统计学上显差性差异。本文的检测血小板抗体lgG、IgM及IgA，显示均有所增高尤以PAIgG最明显，阳性率达85．7％，与文献报道近似。经治疗10例血小板动态变化，PAIg随着血小板的恢复均下降至正常，呈负相关.     

TREATMENT OF CYSTINOSIS WITH A DIET POOR IN CYSTINE AND METHIONINE

Two siblings with cystinosis are presented. Case 1, a 16-month-old boy, presented with a severe renal tubular insufficiency. Case 2, a 7-year-old girl, was a dwarf with both glomerular and tubular renal insufficiency. Case 1 was initially treated with high doses of vitamin D₂ and electrolyte supplements for more than 2 months without significant alteration of the condition. Thereafter he was treated for 23 days with 150 mg penicillamine per day again without any significant clinical or biochemical improvement. Both patients were then followed through 1 year on treatment with a diet poor in cystine and methionine supplemented with cholinechloride, an anabolic steroid, high doses of vitamin D₂, electrolytes, oral iron and a combined vitamin preparation. After some time there was considerable difficulty in giving the patients sufficient amounts of the diet, consequently the diet had to be modified with supplement of cow's milk. On this treatment case 1 attained a distinct clinical improvement with healed rickets and normal growth. There was no evidence of mobilisation of the stored cystine. Case 2 obtained a healing of the rickets and some gain in height during the treatment, but otherwise the general condition was unaltered, and she continued to have increasing renal glomerular insufficiency.     

GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR IN THE TREATMENT OF NEONATES WITH NEUTROPENIA AND SEPSIS

To evaluate the efficacy of granulocyte-macrophagecolony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF) in improving neutrophil counts and survival of neutropenicseptic neonates, the authors studied 8 neonates with gestational orpostconceptional ageat least 30 weeks; weight at least 1000 g; serious infection with concomitant neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] < 3.0 10 9 / L) or leukopenia (white blood cell count < 5.0 10 9 / L) and anticipatedsurvival at least 48 h. Patients received 5 mu g/kg of GM-CSF intravenously for 5 consecutive days or until the ANC reached 20 10 9 / L. Clinical parameters and complete blood counts were monitored. Prestudy ANCs ranged from 0.05 to 2.7 10 9 /L. Four patients had positive blood cultures, 4 had necrotizing en terocolitis, and 1 was in septic shock. All patients had elevated C-reactiveprotein. All patients had resolution ofneutropenia and survived the septic episodes. The use of GM-CSF in these patients merits further exploration.     

DEFIBRINATION SYNDROME IN A NEWBORN, AND ITS TREATMENT WITH EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION

A male infant was born asphyxiated, but after few minutes of artificial respiration, spontaneous breathing was established. During the next few hours he developed a severe bleeding tendency with signs of intracranial hemorrhage. In the palms of the hands and soles of the feet there were symmetrical large ecchymoses with a sharp border to normal skin. Coagulation studies showed the characteristics of a defibrination syndrome. He was treated with one exchange transfusion of heparinised blood, and corticosteroids for one week. After the exchange transfusion a rapid and marked improvement was noted. He was followed up during his first year of life, and the development has been quite normal. No permanent disabilities have been found. It is possible that asphyxia was the trigger mechanism for the defibrination syndrome in this case. Early recognition of the acute defibrination syndrome and immediate start of therapy may be lifesaving.     

小儿ITP骨髓巨核细胞核仁组成区定量研究

本文应用银染技术对１６例ＩＴＰ患儿骨髓巨核细胞进行了ＡｇＮＯＲ计数定量研究。其结果显示：病人骨髓巨核细胞点状ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒为１９．６９±４．４１,与正常人之间有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）;簇状ＡｇＮＯＲｓ增高更明显,高达１２．９０±５．１０,差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示,儿童ＩＴＰ骨髓中巨核细胞增生,并伴有成熟障碍。     

CYTOTOXIC TREATMENT IN CHILDREN WITH IDIOPATHIC NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

Abstract. Herin, P. and Eriksson, M. (Department of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, St. Göran's Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden). Cytotoxic treatment in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Acta Paediatr Scand, 69:315, 1980.—The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the therapeutic value of steroids and cytotoxics in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome which developed during the period 1968–1977. Thirty-eight patients were followed. They were divided into three morphological groups based on renal biopsy findings, i.e., minimal changes (MCNS, n=34), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, n=2) and atypical undefined changes (Undef., n=2). In the latter two groups therapy was less successful than in the MCNS-group. This study conclusively demonstrates that cytotoxic therapy is of value in prolonging the duration of the remission and increasing the responsiveness to steroids in children with MCNS.