接触一氧化碳工人血清LDL—C,HDL—C及脂质过氧化物含量的研究

本文对长期接触一氧化碳(CO)的工人血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)及脂质过氧化物(LPO)含量进行了研究。结果表明,长期接触低浓度CO者的血清TG、LPO及HbCO含量与对照组比较,有极显著性差异(P<0.001)。     

Dyslipoproteinemias in industrial workers: relationship with hypertension and overweight

The aim of the investigation was to study the lipid profile of industrial workers with attention to the relationship of lipid indexes with hypertension and overweight. 139 hypertensive male blue-collar workers were investigated, compared to 107 normotensive ones. The overweight and obese workers in each group were compared with normal body mass ones. Cholesterol and triacylglycerols (TG) were assayed by enzymatic tests CHOD-PAP and GPO-PAP respectively and the lipoprotein fractions were separated by precipitation method. Our results show high rate of industrial workers with dyslipoproteinemias, especially among the hypertensive and overweight and obese ones. The hypertension is associated with total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low density lipoprotein TG (LDL-TG), while overweight is related with TG and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), effecting significantly on very low density lipoprotein TG (VLDL-TG). The high rate of persons with concentrations of the examined lipid indexes indicating moderate and high cardiovascular risk motivates multifactorial preventive strategy towards coping the hypertension, optimizing the nutritional habits, increase in physical activity and reduction of body mass.     

紫苏油和松籽油对大鼠机体脂类和脂质过氧化的影响

在高脂饲料中分别加入６％的紫苏油和松籽油，在实验动物总能量与主要营养素摄入基本相同、脂肪占总能量３２．６％的条件下饲喂Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雄性成年大鼠３周。结果表明，紫苏油和松籽油对高脂血症大鼠均有一定的调整血脂作用。紫苏油和松籽油组大鼠血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）的比值（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ／ＨＤ－Ｌ－Ｃ）、致动脉粥样硬化指数（ＡＩ）的增加值和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ、卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（ＬＣＡＴ）活性的下降均不同程度地低于单纯食猪油的高脂对照组。紫苏油尚可提高高脂血症大鼠血清ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、高密度脂蛋白亚组分Ⅱ胆固醇（ＨＤＬ２Ｃ）水平及ＨＤＬ２－Ｃ与高密度脂蛋白亚组分Ⅲ胆固醇（ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ）比值（ＨＤＬ２－Ｃ／ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ）；松籽油未见显著升高ＨＤＬ－Ｃ作用。各组动物血清ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ水平无显著差异。紫苏油和松籽油组大鼠肝体比值低于高脂对照组。紫苏油组大鼠肝脏过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）含量高于松籽油和高脂对照组。但与正常组比较，紫苏油、松籽油和高脂对照组大鼠肝体比值、肝脂质含量、肝组织病理学检查显示的肝脂变程度和肝脏ＬＰＯ含量均增高，而肝组织中谷胱?     

中老年人群血清胆固醇水平及其相关因素的研究

目的　探讨中老年“健康”人群血清总胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白—胆固醇 (HDL- C)、低密度脂蛋白—胆固醇 (L DL- C)水平及与相关个体因素的关系。方法　随机抽取 340人 ,横断面调查方法进行问卷调查、体格检查和血脂水平测定。结果　 4 5岁以上的 340人 (男 183人、女 15 7人 )血清胆固醇水平均在正常范围内 ;女性 TC、HDL- C及 L DL- C水平均显著高于男性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;70岁以上老人 HDL- C水平均显著高于其它年龄组。逐步回归分析显示 :显著影响 TC水平的个体因素为年龄、性别 ,影响 L DL- C的因素为年龄、性别和体重指数 (BMI) ,影响 HDL- C水平的因素为年龄、饮酒、BMI。结论　超重和肥胖、经常大量饮酒是升高血胆固醇的重要因素。健康教育和行为干预过程中应强调良好的生活方式和维持适当的体重。     

上海市松江区泗泾地区健康人群血脂水平调查与分析

目的调查泗泾地区人群血脂水平和血脂谱现状,探讨泗泾镇高脂血症发病情况及高脂血症与年龄、血致动脉硬化指数（AIP）水平关系,为血脂异常防治提供客观依据。方法收集2010年4—12月在泗泾医院体检的8098例人员资料,并测定甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）,计算出非高密度脂蚕白胆固醇（non—HDL—C）、AIP,并按不同年龄段进行分组,将各组进行比较分析。结果TC水平最高男性为4．83mmol/L,女性为5．24mmol／L,高水平年龄在61—70岁;TG水平最高男性为2．02mmol/L,女性为1．67mmol／L,年龄在41-70岁：HDL-C最低水平为1．12mmol／L,各年龄段均在合适水平;LDL—C最高男性为2．36mmol／L,女性为2．47mmol／L,年龄在31～70岁．健康人异常脂蛋白血症发生率（按2007年《中国成人血脂异常防治指南》中血脂水平划分方案划1分为TC38．89％、TG32．21％、HDL—C24．92％和LDL—C5．09％。结论该地区健康人TC、TC、HDL—C和LDL—C整体水平明显高于2002年中国营养与健康调查血脂在人群中的水平。血脂谱以异常高TC占首位,依次为TG、HDL—C和LDL—C．高TG血症发生率（32．21％）与高TC血症发生率（38．49％）相差不多,应重视高TG血症防治。     

基于内蒙古地区的非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的关联性研究

目的  非传统脂质参数已被证实与心血管疾病有关,而内蒙古地区作为脑卒中高发和特定的血脂特征地区,非传统脂质参数与脑卒中风险的关联性研究较少。本研究利用内蒙古地区“心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目”探索内蒙古地区非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的关联。方法  2015―2017年,收集中国北部内蒙古地区35~75岁常住人群的人口学基本信息及各项血脂指标,最终纳入32 518人参与本项研究。将各脂质参数分为四分位,以第1四分位为参照,采用多因素Logistic回归分析模型探索非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的OR值及95% CI值。结果  本研究含脑卒中患者1 949人,以脑卒中为因变量,调整相关因素后的Logistic回归分析模型结果表明,以各非传统脂质参数第1四分位为参照,第4四分位的TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C与脑卒中有关,其对应OR值分别为1.390(95% CI: 1.206~1.601)、1.380(95% CI: 1.201~1.585)及1.473(95% CI: 1.276~1.699);且随着各脂质参数水平的升高,脑卒中风险增加(均有P < 0.001)。在不同性别、年龄中除非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, Non-HDL-C)外,TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C及TG/HDL-C与脑卒中风险相关。结论  TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C及TG/HDL-C为脑卒中的危险因素,相比于传统脂质参数,非传统脂质参数与脑卒中的关联更强,其可作为脑卒中风险分层及一级预防的新指标。     

正常人群非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和血致动脉硬化指数水平分析

目的 分析甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）均为正常范围内体检人员的非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non-HDL-C）和血致动脉硬化指数（AIP）水平情况,为防治血脂异常提供依据。方法 从2001～2006年在我院体体检的45470人中,选择甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC均为正常合适范围内的14855人,同时测定高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）,计算出non-HDL-C、LDL-C、AIP;并按性别及不同年龄段进行分组,将各组进行比较分析。结果 男性non-HDL-C、AIP水平明显高于女性,并随年龄增高而逐渐升高;AIP与TG、non-HDL-C、LDL-C成正相关,non-HDL-CTG、TC、LDL-C、AIP成正相关,两者与HDL-C均成负相关。结论 TG、TC均为正常人群中,仍具有发生动脉粥样硬化危险,且男性高于女性,并随着年龄增高而呈升高趋势,老年组更为明显,应引起重视。     

银川市区回汉小学生血脂水平现状分析

目的 探讨银川市区回、汉族学生的血脂差异,为不同民族儿童期预防心脑血管疾病提供基础数据。方法 于2013年9月随机抽取银川市区3所小学,并采用分层整群抽样方法对7~12岁学生进行抽样。采集学生空腹静脉血,并测定其血脂四项即总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。结果 1)本次调查1 403人,血脂异常检出率为28.2%,回、汉族血脂异常检出率分别为37.8%和24.6%,回族高于汉族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);回、汉族学生血脂四项异常检出率中,LDL-C、HDL-C异常检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),回族高于汉族。2)同一性别不同民族血脂水平比较,男生除TG外其余三项血脂水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),回族TC和HDL-C水平低于汉族,而LDL-C水平高于汉族;女生四项血脂水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),回族TG、TC和HDL-C水平均低于汉族,而LDL-C水平高于汉族。3)同一民族不同性别比较中,除了汉族男、女学生的TG、HDL-C比较差异有统计学意义外(P<0.05),其余差异均无统计学意义。结论 回、汉族学生血脂异常检出率存在差异,则该地区防治儿童血脂异常应考虑不同民族的遗传因素和生活方式的影响。     

健康体检人群尿酸水平与糖脂代谢关系

目的分析健康体检人群尿酸与糖脂代谢的关系。方法收集2009年10月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院进行健康体检人员的血液样本1 236份,采用日立7060全自动生化分析仪检测血液生化指标,血尿酸浓度检测采用尿酸酶法。结果男性载脂蛋白A(ApoA)为(1.23±0.139)g/L,女性为(1.32±0.150)g/L;高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)男性为(1.30±0.23)mmol/L,女性为(1.52±0.338)mmol/L,男性低于女性,而其他指标均高于女性(P<0.05);汉族ApoA、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(SCR)、甘油三酯(TG)、HDL-C高于维吾尔族,而维吾尔族载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、总胆固醇(TC)、空腹血糖(FBS)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)高于汉族,统计学分析ApoA、ApoB、TC和LDL-C差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高尿酸组除了ApoA和FBS外,其他指标均高于正常组(P<0.05);随尿酸水平增高,ApoA和HDL-C有降低的趋势外,其他脂代谢指标均增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但是尿酸对血糖影响不大;除了低高密度脂蛋白血症,其他代谢紊乱均随尿酸水平增高。结论不同民族和...     

北京社区体检人群餐后与空腹血脂水平的比较分析及意义

目的:探讨非空腹血脂异常判定标准在北京社区人群中应用的可行性。方法:采用自身对照研究。中国中医科学院广安门医院检验科于2018年1至10月招募社区体检者839名（男性292名,女性547名）,年龄中位数（四分位间距）为60（54, 66）岁,同时检测空腹和标准餐后4 h血脂谱水平,采用配对 t检验或者配对非...     

The effects of cessation from cigarette smoking on the lipid and lipoprotein profiles: a meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies revealed that cigarette smokers have lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) than nonsmokers. But prospective studies on the effects of cigarette smoking cessation on lipid profile have yielded inconclusive results. METHODS: Relevant English articles were retrieved by keyword searches of MEDLINE (1966-October 2000), Cochrane Library (2000, Issue 2), and cited references. Twenty-seven studies met the following inclusion criteria: (1) prospective cohort study including clinical trials, (2) measuring smoking status and lipid profile of HDL-C, TC, LDL-C, and TG, (3) reporting the changes of lipid concentrations in abstinent smokers, and (4) not using adjuvant antihyperlipidemic drugs. RESULTS: Overall Q statistics for net change of HDL-C, TC, LDL-C, and TG showed heterogeneity. Using a random-effects model, HDL-C level increased significantly [0.100 (CI 0.074 to 0.127) mmol/L] after smoking cessation. However, levels of TC [+0.003 (CI -0.042 to 0.048)], LDL-C [-0.064 (CI -0.149 to 0.021)], and TG [+0.028 (CI -0.014 to 0.071)] did not change significantly after smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking cessation increases serum levels of HDL-C but not of TC, LDL-C, and TG.     

Lipid profile of term infants on exclusive breastfeeding and mixed feeding: a comparative study

OBJECTIVES: To compare the lipid profiles of exclusively breastfed and mixed-fed term healthy infants in the first 6 months of life. DESIGN: Prospective comparative study. SETTING: Study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital. SUBJECTS: Four hundred consecutive term healthy infants, 200 on exclusive breastfeeding (group 1) and 200 receiving mixed feeding (group 2) were recruited at 14 weeks of age. At 6 months, 149 and 150 mother-infant pairs were followed up in groups 1 and 2, respectively. METHODS: Anthropometric measures of the mother and baby were recorded. Serum lipid levels of the mother and babies were determined at 14 weeks. Babies were followed up till 6 months and their lipid levels were determined again at 6 months. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS. RESULTS: Two groups were comparable in birth weight and maternal characteristics (P>0.05). Weight and head circumference were significantly more in the breastfed group at 14 weeks as well as at 6 months (P<0.001). Mean total cholesterol (TC) was 205.27+/-47.31 and 176.55+/-32.01 mg/dl in groups 1 and 2, respectively at 14 weeks (CI=20.77-36.66, P<0.001). At 6 months TC was 192.79+/-40.52 and 161.05+/-22.53 mg/dl in the two groups (CI=24.26-39.22, P<0.001). Change in total cholesterol from 14 weeks to 6 months was also significant in both groups (P<0.001). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides were significantly higher in the breastfed groups at 14 weeks and 6 months. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)/LDL-C significantly improved at 6 months in exclusively breastfed group (P=0.045). A positive correlation was found only at 14 weeks between mother's TC and baby's TC (r=0.332), mother's LDL-C with baby's LDL-C (r=0.223) in mixed fed group. CONCLUSION: Breastfed babies have significantly higher TC and LDL-C compared to mixed fed babies in the first 6 months of life with improving HDL-C/LDL-C ratio at 6 months. SPONSORSHIP: None.     

妊娠高血压综合征与血脂、载脂蛋白及脂蛋白(a)的关系

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征(简称妊高征)患者血脂代谢水平的变化及其临床意义。方法测定正常孕妇及妊高征患者的血清甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、载脂蛋白AI(ApoAI)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及脂蛋白(a)水平。结果妊高征组血清TG(P<0.01)、ApoB(P<0.01)、LDL-C(P<0.05)及LP(a)(P<0.05)较正常孕妇显著升高,ApoAI、HDL-C则显著降低(P<0.05),TC在两组间差别无显著性意义(P>0.05)。在轻、中、重妊高征患者之间,ApoAI(P<0.05)及HDL-C(P<0.01)依次降低,组间比较有显著性意义,LDL-C(P<0.01)及LP(a)(P<0.01)依次升高,组间有极显著性差异。TG、TC和ApoB组间比较,差别无显著性意义。结论血脂代谢异常可能在妊娠高血压疾病的发病中起一定作用。     

Influence of heat exposure on serum lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol in young male subjects

The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of passive heat exposure on serum lipid concentrations in healthy young Japanese males and to analyze the relationship between subjects' physical characteristics and the extent of change in serum lipid concentrations. Thirteen subjects with mean ages of 22.6 +/- 1.0 (mean +/- SE) years were each exposed to control temperature (Tc: 25.2 +/- 0.0 degrees C), moderate (Tm: 35.5 +/- 0.2 degrees C) and high temperature(Th: 39.8 +/- 0.1 degrees C), at a relative humidity of 60.3 +/- 1.2% for one hour. Each exposure was carried out on a different day in random sequence. Blood samples were collected just before, during and after the exposure, and serum lipid concentrations were analyzed. In the Tc condition, the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acid (FFA) did not change significantly. In the Tm condition, HDL-C increased significantly after the exposure and FFA increased during and after exposure. While in the Th condition, TC and TG decreased significantly during and after exposure, and LDL-C decreased during exposure. The correlation between changes in serum lipid concentrations and physical characteristics was analyzed if lipid concentrations changed significantly during or after exposure, but no significant correlation was found. The results indicate passive heat exposure has an effect on serum lipid concentrations which is independent of physical characteristics.     

血脂和脂蛋白水平对我国中年人群缺血性心血管病事件的预测作用

目的通过对2008年、2014年血脂数据回顾分析,探讨浙江省象山县60岁及以上企业退休人员血脂异常变化情况。方法采用横断面调查研究方法,分别收集2008年及2014年参加健康体检的老年企业退休人员血脂检测结果,按体检年度分组,按年龄分层,分别统计各组高血清总胆固醇(TC)血症、高三酰甘油(TG)血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)血症及血脂异常人数。结果象山县老年男性企业退休人员2008年高TC血症、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症、高LDL-C血症及血脂异常异常率分别为11.2%、10.2%、2.1%、5.9%、23.3%,女性分别为18.9%、10.2%、2.3%、13.8%、33.3%。2014年男性分别为22.0%、5.9%、1.3%、10.6%、27.6%,女性分别为35.4%、7.5%、1.1%、18.2%、40.0%。与2008年相比,2014年老年企业退休人员高TC血症、高LDL-C血症及血脂异常率上升,而高TG血症、低HDL-C血症异常率则出现下降。结论象山县老年企业退休人员血脂异常率较高,其中高TC血症为老年男、女性血脂异常的主要表现形式,其次为高LDL-C血症。与2008年相比,2014年象山县老年企业退休人员血脂异常有上升趋势,亟需采取措施以控制老年退休人员血脂水平。     

慢性三氯化镧暴露对大鼠血糖和血脂水平的影响

目的探讨稀土元素镧的慢性暴露对大鼠血糖、血脂的影响。方法分别以0.1、2和40 mg/kg剂量的三氯化镧(LaC l3)给大鼠经口灌胃,每天1次,90 d后处死;取全血测定糖化血红蛋白(HbA1 c),分离血清测定血糖(G lu)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平。结果与对照组相比,3个LaC l3暴露剂量组大鼠HbA1C、血清G lu、TG和LDL-C水平无统计学意义;0.1和2 mg/kg剂量LaC l3暴露组大鼠血清TC水平分别为(1.38±0.14)mmol/L和(1.37±0.26)mmol/L,与对照组大鼠(1.57±0.14)mmol/L相比有明显降低;0.1 mg/kg剂量LaC l3暴露组大鼠血清HDL-C为(0.79±0.12)mmol/L,比对照组大鼠(0.93±0.10)mmol/L有明显降低。结论0.1~40 mg/kg LaC l3慢性暴露对大鼠血清G lu、TG和LDL-C水平无显著影响;低、中剂量LaC l3慢性暴露可使大鼠血清TC和HDL-C降低。     

噪声暴露对某国有大型煤矿工人血糖和血脂水平的影响

目的 探讨某国有大型煤矿工作场所噪声对工人血糖和血脂水平的影响。方法 对新泰市某国有大型煤矿作业工人进行职业健康检查,随机选择长期接触高噪声(82.8~100.1 LAeq dB(A))428人为观察组,接触低噪声(53.9~71.0 LAeq dB(A))506人为对照组,比较两组工人血糖和血脂水平差异。结果 观察组工人血清葡萄糖为(5.32±0.79)mmol/L、总胆固醇为(4.72±0.82)mmol/L、甘油三酯为(1.67±1.31)mmol/L、高密度脂蛋白为(1.41±0.30)mmol/L、低密度脂蛋白为(2.79±0.68)mmol/L。观察组工人血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇异常率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的脂肪肝检出率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着工龄的增加,血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量也增高,各工龄组之间血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 长期接触高噪声可能是煤矿作业工人血糖和血脂水平升高的危险因素。     

Correlation of dyslipidemia with waist to height ratio, waist circumference, and body mass index in Iranian adults

Overweight and obesity are increasing problems in many countries and are related to multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Although imaging techniques can determine total body fat and its distribution reliably, anthropometric measurements remain important in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between some anthropometric measurements and dyslipidemia as an important cardiovascular risk factor in Iranian population. A total of 750 subjects (580 females and 170 males) were selected by multistage random sampling from residents of Arak (Iran) and related villages in 2005. None of them had any significant past medical history. Body mass index(BMI), waist circumference(WC), and waist to height ratio(W/Ht) of subjects were measured to identify their relationship with their lipid profile including total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), and the ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol(TC/HDL-C). Fasting blood sugar (FBS) was also measured. WC and W/Ht showed greater correlation with TC, TG, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C level than did BMI. Among lipid profile, TG showed the closest correlation with W/Ht (r=0.309, p<0.001) and WC (r=0.308, p<0.001). HDL-C level did not show any statistical relationship with W/Ht, but it was weakly correlated with WC (r=-0.088, p<0.05). None of the indices showed any association with FBS level. It can be concluded that W/Ht and WC can best predict dyslipidemia in an Iranian adult population. We suggest using both W/Ht and WC as inexpensive and easy methods in clinical and epidemiological fields.     

Joint effects of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking on atherogenic lipid and lipoprotein profiles: results from a study of Chinese male population in Taiwan

Background: The present study examines the effect of joint exposure to cigarette smoking and alcohol intake on serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) among Chinese male adults in Taiwan. Methods: A sample of 3311 men aged 20–59 years who reported having stable smoking and drinking behaviors during the period between January 1995 and December 1996 was selected from a periodic health checkup population. Serum lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol fractions were measured on fasting blood samples taken from participants. Statistical methods of analysis of variance and analysis of covariance were conducted to examine the associations of different smoking–drinking behavioral patterns with lipid and lipoprotein levels. Results: In the observed population, the percentages of men who had stable cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption behaviors were 39.5% (1307/3311) and 27.0% (895/3311), respectively. Mean values of TC and TG increased significantly and monotonically with increasing levels of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. In addition, alcohol intake was significantly associated with increased HDL-C and reduced LDL-C levels in a dose-dependent manner. More interestingly, the effect of alcohol consumption on LDL-C (negative) and TG (positive) levels was substantially greater for heavy smoker (> 20 cigarettes/day) than for light smokers ( 20 cigarettes/day) and non-smokers, while alcohol intake exerted a strong positive influence on HDL-C concentration regardless of levels of cigarette smoking. Conclusions: In this Chinese male population, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were confirmed to have similar effects on lipid and lipoprotein levels as in Caucasians. More interestingly, a significance of joint exposure to smoking and drinking in predicting lipid and lipoprotein levels was evident. These data indicate the importance of multifactorial interventions to obtain more favorable lipid and lipoprotein levels in the population.     

绝经后妇女冠心病患者性激素水平与脂质代谢的临床观察

目的:观察绝经后妇女冠心病(CHD)患者血清性激素水平与脂质代谢关系。方法:58例绝经后妇女CHD患者作为观察组,58例绝经后健康妇女作为对照组,测定两组性激素相关指标(血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)、催乳素(PRL)、黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡激素(FSH)、E/T)及脂质代谢相关指标(总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、HDL-C/LDL-C、HDL-C/TC)水平,并进行相关性分析。结果:观察组患者E2、HDL-C、E/T、HDL-C/LDL-C、HDL-C/TC水平明显低于对照组,TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);经多元回归分析观察组患者E2、E/T与TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB水平呈负相关。结论:绝经后妇女CHD患者血脂异常与性激素下降密切相关,且共同参与CHD发生、发展。