锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞支架治疗中期疗效评价

目的 评价血管支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞的中期临床疗效.方法 经彩超、CTA明确诊断的31例锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞患者,其中狭窄18例(19条),闭塞13例(13条).导丝开通病变血管后置入支架.术后问诊及彩色多普勒超声进行随访.结果 除4例闭塞血管开通失败外,27例共计28条病变动脉共成功置入28枚支架.术后患者症状、体征均明显改善.术前有锁骨下动脉窃血征象14例,术后12例消失.27例随访6～62个月(平均24.0个月±16.5个月).术后3例患者再狭窄:1例发生于术后9个月,经PTA后随访12个月血管开放良好;1例术后10个月,PTA后随访8个月开放良好;1例术后12个月再狭窄,转为外科搭桥手术.1例大动脉炎术后8个月死于脑出血;1例术后14个月死于脑梗死.余均无症状、体征再发,多普勒超声提示血管通畅.结论 血管支架可安全、有效治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄/闭塞并有良好中期疗效.     

症状性锁骨下动脉狭窄和闭塞的介入治疗

目的评价症状性锁骨下动脉狭窄和闭塞介入治疗方法。方法32例锁骨下动脉狭窄和闭塞,其中锁骨下动脉狭窄19例,闭塞13例。27例有上肢缺血,7例伴头部缺血。应用导丝开通,PTA及内支架置入方法进行治疗。结果28例开通成功。术中发生脑梗死1例。单纯PTA治疗3例,1例上肢缺血症状部分好转。24例置入内支架后症状、体征明显改善。18例有锁骨下动脉窃血征象,术后16例消失。27例随访2～80个月,平均(29.5±21.0)个月。术后9个月闭塞2例,1例PTA后再获通畅。术后12个月闭塞1例,改行外科手术治疗。1例大动脉炎于术后9个月死于心功能衰竭。余在随访期内均无症状再发,超声Dopplor检查均通畅。结论介入方法可有效治疗症状性锁骨下动脉狭窄、闭塞。     

经皮血管内支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄性疾病

目的探讨应用血管内支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞性疾病的疗效。方法回顾分析10例11支锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞病变行血管内介入治疗的临床资料。结果10例8支锁骨下动脉狭窄病变(狭窄率大于70%)成功置入支架,3支闭塞锁骨下动脉中1支成功置入支架,2支闭塞锁骨下动脉未能开通。7例经股动脉置入支架,1例经肱动脉逆行置入支架。锁骨下动脉支架成功置入后肱动脉及桡动脉搏动良好,伴有盗血现象的5例患者症状消失。随访2～24个月发现1例锁骨下动脉支架置入后9个月再狭窄,后再置入1枚支架,血管开通良好。1例患者双侧锁骨下动脉狭窄同时置入2枚支架后2个月突发脑出血死亡。结论应用血管内支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法,有望成为主要的治疗手段。     

锁骨下动脉狭窄的经皮血管球囊成形术及内支架治疗

目的 评价并比较经皮血管球囊成形术及内支架治疗对动脉粥样硬化及大动脉炎所致锁骨下动脉狭窄梗阻性病变的治疗效果。方法 １３例锁骨下动脉狭窄梗阻性病变患者,病因为动脉粥样硬化７例,大动脉炎６例。其中锁骨下动脉狭窄８例,完全闭塞５例,均实施了介入治疗。６例单纯行经皮血管球囊成形术,６例置入血管内支架,１例介入治疗失败。结果 １２例行经皮血管内成形术（ＰＴＡ）或血管内支架置入治疗获成功,６例分别置入Ｓｔｒ     

血管内支架成形术治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄性疾病55例临床观察

目的探讨锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞性疾病的介入治疗疗效。方法回顾分析55例锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞病变行血管内支架治疗的临床资料。结果 46例锁骨下动脉狭窄病变(狭窄率>70%)成功置入支架,9例闭塞锁骨下动脉中8例成功置入支架。46例经股动脉置入支架,8例经肱动脉逆行置入支架。锁骨下动脉支架成功置入后肱动脉及桡动脉搏动良好,伴有盗血现象的13例患者症状消失。随访发现5例锁骨下动脉支架置入后9～12个月再狭窄,后再置入5枚支架,血管开通良好。结论应用血管内支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

主动脉-髂动脉闭塞介入重建术的中期随访

目的 评价主动脉-髂动脉闭塞介入治疗的中期疗效.方法 回顾性分析30例经介入治疗的腹主动脉.双侧髂动脉狭窄或闭塞患者的临床资料.30例中男24例、女6例,年龄35～75岁,平均(55±10)岁.采用导丝开通、导管溶栓、球囊扩张及支架置入等介入方法 治疗,出院后通过电话、信函、门诊复查等方式随访.结果26例腹主动脉-双侧髂动脉重建成功;3例分别因1条髂动脉开通失败仅腹主动脉.单侧髂动脉重建成功;1例主动脉-髂动脉重建失败.髂动脉破裂1例行WallGraft支架修补.术中发生远端动脉栓塞2例.1例一侧患肢缺血加重接受截肢.27例随访1～112个月,平均(41±9)个月.术后6个月髂动脉闭塞1例未能开通;25个月后双侧髂动脉闭塞1例,经球囊导管扩张治疗后3个月再闭塞,行双侧髂动脉支架置入.23例患肢均无症状再发或加重.结论主动脉-髂动脉介入重建术可有效恢复下肢血供,中期疗效良好.     

经皮穿刺锁骨下动脉腔内成形术

目的：评价经皮穿刺锁骨下动脉腔内成形术的效果及安全性。方法：对76例锁骨下动脉严重狭窄或完全闭塞的患者行经皮经腔血管成形术（PTA）。所有患者均有椎基底动脉和（或）上肢动脉供血不足症状。术前DSA证实锁骨下动脉狭窄69例,完全闭塞7例。行单纯球囊扩张术68例,置入支架8例。结果：PTA术后所有患者症状均消失或明显减轻。DSA、经颅多普勒超声（TCD）显示45例患者锁骨下动脉窃血被纠正,有3例出现并发症（2例穿刺部位假性动脉瘤形成,1例术中一过性眩晕暧间恢复）。经4-35个月的随访（平均29个月）,发生再狭窄3例。结论：PTA治疗锁骨下动脉严重狭窄或完全闭塞是有效和安全的,并发症低于手术治疗。     

经皮腔内介入治疗急性肱动脉损伤26例北大核心CSCD

目的探讨经皮腔内介入治疗急性肱动脉损伤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2005年1月至2014年2月期间收治的26例急性肱动脉损伤患者资料。经股动脉入路,造影证实肱动脉闭塞,明确血管闭塞的范围及程度。顺行开通失败时,穿刺患侧桡动脉,运用双向内膜下血管再通技术,建立工作导丝通道,然后行球囊扩张术及支架植入治疗。结果 26例急性肱动脉损伤患者手术成功率100%,随访6~36个月,26例中21例血管保持通畅,5例支架出现狭窄,立即行球囊扩张术,经造影血流迅速恢复通畅,26例中无一出现缺血坏死,截肢的情况。结论经皮腔内介入治疗急性肱动脉损伤,能够迅速开通肱动脉,恢复血流,临床效果显著。     

内膜下血管成形术治疗下肢动脉慢性长段硬化性闭塞疾病

目的 探讨内膜下血管成形术(SIA)在治疗髂、股动脉慢性长段硬化性闭塞疾病方面的临床效果和应用价值.资料与方法 2003年5月至2008年8月,49例髂、股动脉慢性长段硬化性闭塞患者,采用SIA进行经皮腔内血管球囊扩张(PTA)+内支架置入.结果 全组治疗成功率93.88%(46/49),24例髂动脉闭塞SIA后,随访3～48个月,血流均保持通畅;22例股浅动脉闭塞SIA后,随访3～36个月,血流仍保持通畅为20例(90.91%),2例股浅动脉支架置入后12个月出现再阻塞,经局部溶栓,支架腔内血流均保持通畅.术前术后平均踝肱指数(ABI)分别为0.23(0.11～0.42)和0.87(0.67～1.06),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 SIA在髂、股动脉慢性长段硬化性闭塞的PTA+内支架置入治疗中,可显著提高成功率,减少并发症,是安全有效的方法.     

大动脉炎颈动脉狭窄球囊扩张和内支架的治疗

目的：探讨应用球囊扩张和血管内支架治疗大支脉炎、颈动脉狭窄、材料和方法：３例大动脉炎性颈动脉狭窄的患者，狭窄段均超过８ｃｍ，１例单纯球囊扩张；２例球囊扩张后植入Ｗａｌｌｓｔｅｎｔ支架。结果：术后狭窄率均为０，达到了良好的治疗效果，单纯球囊扩张的动脉一年后动脉完全闭塞、西入血管内支架的２例，分别是在４．５个月和４个月检查，一例血管内支架的近端出现了再狭窄，另一例未出现再狭窄。结论：对于大动脉炎性长段     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.