18例创伤性气管、支气管断裂的诊断与治疗

目的　探讨创伤性气管、支气管断裂的诊断和治疗方法 ,提高诊断率及治疗效果。方法　回顾性分析 18例创伤性气管、主支气管断裂病人的临床资料。 15例行支气管端端吻合术 ,1例行支气管修补术 ,其中 1例术后支气管狭窄而行肺叶切除术 ,1例行气管修补术 ,1例行狭窄气管切除、气管端端吻合、T形硅胶管置管术。术后行纤维支气管镜 (FB)检查。结果　术后早期吻合口水肿狭窄呈裂隙状 2例 ,1个月后复查局部通畅均为良好。结论　创伤性支气管断裂容易误诊 ,FB检查是早期诊断最重要的手段 ,后期在切除狭窄段支气管时瘢痕要切除干净     

创伤性气管、支气管断裂

创伤性气管，支气管断裂，在胸部闭合性外伤中较为少见，约占胸部闭合伤的8～6％。本文对我院1977～1986年经手术证实的5例气管、支气管断裂报道如下。     

支气管修补术后护理体会

气管、支气管断裂少见，但是随着交通事业的高速发展，交通肇事骤增，闭合性胸外伤引起支气管断裂的患者也日渐增多了。我院自1999年6月至2007年11月，共收治创伤性支气管断裂患者24例，现就其护理体会报告如下。     

外伤性支气管断裂的影像诊断

目的 分析外伤性支气管断裂的X线平片及CT表现,评价影像学表现在早期诊断中的价值。资料与方法回顾性分析10例经手术病理证实的外伤性支气管断裂的影像学表现。结果 外伤性支气管断裂的主要X线表现：纵隔及皮下气肿,气胸或液气胸,肺不张,肺下垂征;CT检查可补充X线平片的不足,可显示气管支气管柱中断,气管移位或成角畸形。结论 外伤性支气管断裂有特征性的影像学表现,认识这些征象,有助于早期诊断。     

创伤性主支气管断裂的早期诊断和治疗

总结创伤性主支气管断裂的早期诊断和治疗经验。创伤性主支气管断裂的误诊率高,早期正确的诊断和治疗对病人的预后有重要的临床意义。     

胸部气管支气管损伤的早期诊治(附7例分析)

通过７例胸部气管支气管损伤的早期诊治，总结创伤性胸部气管支气管损伤早期诊断方法及手术治疗效果。     

外伤性支气管断裂的早期X线诊断(附12例报告)

本文报告12例经手术和支气管镜证实的创伤性支气管断裂的临床和X线表现,结合文献着重探讨创伤性支气管断裂的早期X线诊断。并简要地讨论了本病的治疗和预后。     

外伤性支气管断裂的影像学诊断价值

目的分析外伤性支气管断裂的X线平片和多层CT表现,探讨影像学表现在诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析5例经手术证实的外伤性支气管断裂的X线平片和多层CT影像学表现。结果支气管断裂的主要影像学表现为:气管支气管气柱中断,肺不张,肺下垂征,气胸或液气胸,纵隔气肿。多层CT重组技术能直接清晰显示支气管管壁断裂、移位或成角畸形。结论外伤性支气管断裂有特征性的影像学表现,准确认识这些征象,有助于早期诊断。     

创伤性气管,支气管断裂的早期外科治疗

我院自１９８５年５月～１９９３年７月共收治创伤性气管、支气管断裂１３例，其中１０例伤后行早期手术修补，取得了良好的治疗效果，无远期并发症。现报告如下。临床资料１．一般资料：本组１０例中男９例，女１例。年龄３～４５岁。全部病例均有突然受撞击或挤压伤史，...     

颈、胸段气管断裂抢救成功1例

气管断裂是一种严重的创伤,相对发生较少,如未及时发现或明确诊断病死率较高,尤其是颈、胸段气管,发现并准确判断其位置较难.我院2010-05-20抢救成功颈、胸段气管断裂1例.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.