CONTENTS IN BRIEF

Ａｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｏｆｍａｎｉｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｕｓｅｄｉｎｌｕｍｂａｒｄｉｓｃｈｅｒｎｉａｔｉｏｎ .ＢＩＳｈｅｎｇ ,ＬＩＹｉｋａｉ,ＺＨＡＯＷｅｉｄｏｎｇ ,ｅｔａｌ.8.Ａｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｍｅｍｏｒｙｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｅｒｅｂｒａｌｍｕｌｔｉ -ｉｎｆａｒｃｔｄｅｍｅｎｔｉａｒａｔｍｏｄｅｌ.ＧＵＯＭｉｎｘｉａ,ＹＵＳｈｉｘｕｎ ,ＬＩＲｕｉ.11.Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｐｅｄｉｃｅｌｅｄｐｅｒｉｐｈｅｒａｌｎｅｒｖｅｔｉｓｓｕｅｇｒａｆｔｉｎｇｉｎｒｅｐａｉｒｓｐｉｎａｌｃ…     

ADVANCES IN STUDY ON MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF MOUSE LEUKEMIA VIRUS IN CHINA

In China, Cheng et al firstly reported the es-tablishment of L6565 viral leukemia strain in 1966,and published a review of twelve mouse leukemiastrains, spontaneous or transplantable, establisheddomestically in 1983. Virus particles in ultrathin sec-tions were found in those eight leukemia strains.Generally speaking, the study of viral etiology of     

MICROARRAYS AND THEIR POTENTIAL IN MEDICINE

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＭｉｃｒｏａｒｒａｙ (ａｌｓｏｃｏｎｆｕｓｉｎｇｌｙｃａｌｌｅｄｂｉｏｃｈｉｐ ,ＤＮＡｃｈｉｐ ,ｇｅｎｅａｒｒａｙ ,ｏｒａｒｒａｙ)ｉｓａｂｕｒｇｅｏｎｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｏｌ ｏｇｙｗｉｔｈｔｒｅｍｅｎｄｏｕｓｉｍｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｂｉｏｍｅｄｉｃａｌｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ[1～3] 　　 .Ｔｈｅｂａｓｉｓｂｅｈｉｎｄａｎｏｌｉｇｏｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅｍｉｃｒｏａｒ ｒａｙｉｓｓｉｍｐｌｅ:ａｆｆｉｘｋｎｏｗｎｏｌｉｇｏｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅＤＮＡｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓｔｏａｎｉｎｅｒ…     

月经间期放置GyneFix IN IUD最佳时限的探讨

目的　探讨不同月经周期、月经期的妇女在月经间期放置GyneFixINIUD的最佳时限。方法　应用阴道彩色多普勒超声显像法 (CDFI)测量 14 2例经后不同置器时间、妇女置器前子宫内膜厚度、植入小结深度三者间的关系。结果　月经周期第 12天前置器小结深度为 ( 0 .5± 0 .0 6 )cm ,第 12天以后子宫内膜明显增厚 ,植入小结变浅 ,为 ( 0 .37± 0 .0 3)cm(P<0 .0 5 )。在同一置器时间组中 ,随着子宫内膜厚度的增加 ,小结植入深度有变浅趋势 ,两者呈负相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　经阴道彩色多普勒二维超声显像可直接监测GyneFixINIUD的状况 ,对于多数月经规则的妇女 ,月经周期第 12天以前为最佳置器时限。     

HUMAN PRIMITIVE HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS ARE MORE ENRICHED IN CD34~ CD38~- POPULATION THAN IN CD34~ CD38~ POPULATION

To clarify the hematopoietic potential of various sub-classes of human hematopoietic progenitor cells, we used a multicolor staining protocol in conjunction with anti-CD34 and -CD38 McAb. We characterized two cell fractions in CD34 cells with or without CD38 expression. A clonogenic assay showed that most CFC were present in CD34 CD38 population. Morphologic analysis showed that blast-like cells were more enriched in the CD34 CD38 fraction. To clarify the biologic differences between both fractions, we examined the more primitive progenitor cell function by assessing long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) on the stromal cells. At the first two weeks, more CF.C harvested from the culture in the fractions initiated with both populations. However, more LTC-IC were present during weeks 4 to 12 in the CD34 CD38- population. These results indicate the primitive progenitors are more enriched in CD34 CD38 population than in CD34 CD38 cells.     

EFFECT OF rhIL-6 ON EARLY HEMATOPOIETIC RECOVERY IN IRRADIATED MICE

The effect of recombinant human interleukin-6 ( rhIL-6) on the early phase of post-irradiation hematopoietic recovery ( mainly CFU-S, CFU-GM and CFU-E) has been studies in 6.5 Gy gamma-irradiated C57BL / 6J mice, which had been given subcutaneous injection of rhIL-6 b. i. d. at 10, 100, 200, 500 and 1 000μg/kg/d for 4 or 6 consecutive days started from 30 min after irradiation. It was shown that the effect of IL-6 on the early phase of post-irradiation hematopoietic recovery is dose-dependent and diphasic. At the doses of 200-1000μ/kg/d, IL-6 had a favorable effect on post-irradiation hematopoietic recovery expressed as increse of spleen weight and CFU-S, and elevation of CFU-GM yield and total CFU-GM content in femur. Administration of relatively low doses of IL-6(10-100 μg/kg/d) suppressed postirradiation hematopoietic regeneration. High a dose (1 000μg/kg/d) did not show any stronger stimulative effect on post-irradiation hematopoietic reconstitution. There is an optimal range of IL-6 dose for tr     

SARS CORONAVIRUS ENRICHED IN LYMPHOCYTES ：AN EARLY DETECTION OF SARS

[Objective] Because of the highly contagious nature of the SARS-Coronavirns (CoV),a rapid and reliable diagnostic test is urgently needed for making a definite diagnosis at early phase so that infected individuals can be isolated while avoiding blanket quarantines and the unnecessary burden on the medical care system. Unfortanantly,current kits/procedures had only less than 20% positive detecting rate with serum or other samples of real SARS patients. Due to the compositions varies with times and individuals, the septtan and lung lavage are impossible to serve as a standardized sample source for the comparison or monitoring of viral load. Therefore, the currently avAilAble kits/procedm‘es should be improved and a good sample source should be identified. [Methods] Viral RNA in two hundred microlitter plasma or one million lymphocytes from SARS patients were extracted with Trizol, and then entire RNA was used as a template in a modified procedure of RT- PCR. CoV viral load was quantified in 45 patients at different phases of SARS infection and compared between the paired samples of plasma and lymphocytes obtained from 5 patients who had recovered from SARS for 2 months and lived in a normal life. [Results] Our methods detected CoV at a level of a few copies with 60-80% positive detection rate for plasma from SARS patients within 1 to 7 days after fever, which was much more sensitive than other current available method (positive rate at 8%—20%). The mean viral copies in 17 acute phase patients ( 1 to 7 days after fever) was 8,951, while that in 18 sub-acute phase patients (13 to 36 days after fever) was 98 and that in 10 recovered patients (79 to 91 days after fever) was 88. Importantly,tbe levels of CoV in lymphocytes of 5 patients who had recovered from SARS for 2 months were 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that in the plasma. [Conclusions] The early and definite diagnosis of SARS can be achieved by our modified RT-PCR. CoV load peaked during the acute phase and rapidly dropped in sub-acute and recovery phases. The lymphocytes may be the targets or reservoir for CoV and are the best sample source for early SARS diagnosis and the monitoring of CoV infections.     

DEFECTIVE LYMPHOCYTES SUPPORTING HEMATOPOIESIS IN PATIENTS WITH PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired hemo-lytic disease in which there is a stem cell disorder of clonal nature. Previous studies have demonstrated that the numbers of burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) and colony-forming units-granulocyte / macrophage (CFU-GM) from bone marrow of PNH patients growing in the medium containing PHA-LCM from the normai donors were more reduced than those of normai bone marrow. The purpose of present study was to investigate if PNH lymphocytes are defective in supporting hematopoiesis in vitro. PHA-LCM from PNH blood was added to the culture medium for the growth of PNH and normai BFU-E and CFU-GM. The numbers of PNH bone marrow BFU-E and CFU-GM in the medium containing PHA-LCM from PNH blood were less than those from normai blood; the numbers of normai bone marrow BFU-E and CFU-GM grown in the medium containing PHA-LCM from PNH blood were more decreased than those from normai blood. The results suggest that diminished numbers of PNH bone marrovv BFU-     

DETECTION OF HIGH-PATHOGENICITY ISLAND-HARBORING ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN WITH DIARRHEA DISEASE IN CHINA

[Objective] To investigate the etiologicla status of etiologica status of high-pathogenicity island-harboring Escherichia coil(HPIEC) in dianhea disease among children. [Method] Diarrheagenic Esoherichia coli was isolated and identified from the stool specimens of 1032 children with dianhea diseases by culturing, serotyping, Polymerase chain reaction amplification (PCR), the High-pathogenicity island-harboring Esoherichia coli (HPIEC) was identified by PCR and in situ hybridization. [Results] A total of 652 strains of E.coli isolated from 1032 stool specimens and confirmed by serotyping, PCR and colony hybridization out of which 225 were identified as diarrheagenic E.coil,including 20 EPEC,81 ETEC, 47 SLTEC, 74 ESIEC, and 3 EIEC strains. 112(17.2%)irp2 virulent gene positive E.coli (HPIEC) were detected from the 652 strains, out of which 24 were from the 74 ESIEC strains and 17 from the 47 SLTEC strains. The typical clinical symptoms of children with diarrhea disease caused by HPI- harboring E.coli included anorexia(87.5%) ,abdominal pain(58.0%), diarrhea (75.9%,Over six episoders, mostly of mucous stool a day), and fever(50.9%). [Conclusion] High-pathogenicity island-harboring E.coli is one of the important pathogens of diarrhea diseases in children.     

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECTS OF GRANULOCYTE DERIVED INHIBITORS AND CYTOKINES ON APOPTOSIS IN POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES

An extract (G-INH) made from mature human granulocytes freshly isolated from normai blood causes human neutrophils to undergo apoptosis in vitro as shown by morphologic changes and by the typical ladder pattern of small DNA fragments noted on agarose gel electrophoresis of isolated DNA. Apoptosis occurs in from 20% to 30% of neutrophils over 24 hours of culture in vitro and the addition of G-INH to the medium causes a dose-related increase in the incidence of apoptosis. Heating G-INH at 60t for 30 minutes does not destroy its capacity to induce apoptosis but GM-CSF, G-CSF, and to a lesser extent IL-1β, antagonize this action. IL-3 does not diminish G-INH induced apoptosis of neutrophils. Substances, released from, mature neutrophils may participate in regulating the survival of other neutrophils, particularly in sites where the cells are in close proximity as in the marrow. Self destruction of post-mitotic neutrophils in marrow may thus represent an-other level at which regulation of cell production an     

EFFECT OF RECOMBINANT MOUSE INTERLEUKIN-3 ON HEMATOPOIESIS IN NORMAL AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE-TREATED MICE

Intraperitoneal injection of recombinant mouse IL-3 in normal mice for 6 days did not induce any significant changes in leukocyte and neutrophil counts. In comparison with saline controls, IL-3-treated mice experienced a 1.7-fold increase of bone marrow nucleated cells and 3.6-fold increase of CFU-GM colonies. Tritium thymidine incorporation of bone marrow cells significantly increased in IL-3-treated mice as compared with that in normal saline-treated mice. These results suggested that IL-3 expanded the number of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells but not the peripheral neutrophils. We examined the effect of IL-3 on hematopoietic reconstitution in a cyclophosphamide-treated mouse model. We found that the absolute neutrophil number of mice treated with IL-3 increased significantly on day 6 post injection when compared with the control mice (6.2± 4.1×109 / L versus 0.98± 1.4 × 109/ L, P<0.01) . The results demonstrated that IL-3 stimulated an early recovery of neutrophils after cyclophosphamide-i     

INCREMENTAL DYNAMIC COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULES

Objective The purpose of this study is to appraise the value of incremental dynamic enhanced computed tomography in surgical treatment of patients with solitary pulmonary nodules （SPNs）. Methods The data of 42 cases with solitary pulmonary nodules who underwent surgical treatment from May 2002 to June 2003 in our hospital were collected to find the relationship between preoperative dynamic enhanced CT image and postoperative pathology. Result All bronchogenic carcinoma showed significant enhancement after intravenous 100 mL iodinated contrast material. The average degree of enhancement of bronchogenic carcinoma was significantly different from that of tuberculoma and other benign lesions. Conclusion Dynamic enhanced computed tomography is very valuable in distinguishing between malignant nodules and benign ones. Emphasis should be paid to lymph nodes in the dynamic enhanced computed tomography, which is useful both to the diagnosis of SPN and for surgical treatment.     

EFFECTS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION ON BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION IN RATS WITH RADIATION-BURN COMBINED INJURY

The effects of pre-irradiation blood transfusion(BT)on survival rateof radiation-burn combinedly injured rats receiving bone marrow transplantation(BMT) were studied. It was found that after 9-11 Gy of radiation was given, the 90-daysurvival rate of the rats receiving BT(72%) and BMT was significantly higher than thatof those receiving BMT only(42%)(P<0.01).In those rats surviving over 100 days,cells of donor type could be found. In the first 30 days of surviving, the number of Tcells was significantly higher in the BMT alone group than in the group of BMT plusBT, but no difference In restoration of B cell was revealed. The findings suggest that BTcould promote the recipient's tolerance to BMT. The effects of BT on BMT are similarto those on skin grafting.     

LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY： INITINAL EXPREIENCE OF 23 CASES IN SUN YAT- SEN UNIVERSITY

Radicalprostatectomyisastandardcurativetreatmentforlocalized prostatecancer .Duringthelast 3years ,newlaparoscopicradicalprostatectomy(LRP)techniqueshavebeendeveloped ,presentingsatisfactoryresultsthataresimilartothoseobtainedbytheretropubicopensurgery[1] .Thisarticlede scribestheauthors’initialexperiencegainedduringthefirst 19consecutiveLRPbetweenOctober 2 0 0 0andAugust 2 0 0 3.1　CLINICALMATERIAL2 3patients,agedfrom 6 2to 72withaverageof6 4.5 yold ,wereadmittedtoourhospitalforrecu…     

EMERGENCY MEDICINE IN CHINA 2000--世纪之交的中国急诊

从 1 999年 1 2月 1 1日～ 2 0 0 0年 1月 8日 ,我有幸由两位中国记者陪同访问了中国上海、南京、杭州、北京、沈阳和武汉等 6个大城市的急诊科和急救中心 ,访问和调查了各层次的急诊医生 ,也收集了有关专业方面的各类资料 ,如教科书、培训手册、文章、期刊和各类设施的介绍资料等。1　背景研究1 .1　中国急诊医学的发展 :中国的医学体系有着漫长而又复杂的历史 ,有记载始于商朝 (公元前 1 70 0～公元前 1 1 0 0年 ) ,直到 1 9世纪初 ,传统中医学一统中国的医疗实践 ,并早在千年中国就有了医校和学府。直至如今 ,在中国以中西医结合和传统中…     

THE FREQUENCY OF BACILLUS INFLUENZ? IN THE NOSE AND THROAT IN ACUTE LOBAR PNEUMONIA

1. Bacillus influenza is frequently found in association with lobar pneumonia. 2. In lobar pneumonia both Bacillus influenza and pneumococcus are frequently found in the nose. 3. The influenza bacilli found in the upper respiratory tract of cases of lobar pneumonia are of various types. 4. The exact significance of these findings is at the present time not clear.     

HUMERAL FRACTURES IN ‘ARM WRESTLERS‘

We report three cases of fractures of the shaft of the humerus occurring during arm wrestling contests, which have now become a common pub — and even professional — sport. We then review all the literature on the subject. This is an unusual injury occurring in arm wrestling, but does occur and it should be remembered that radiological assessment is vital if this injury is not to be missed and the injury mismanaged.