哮喘患儿血清IL-10、IL-13及IgE的测定及意义

采用ELISA法测定52例支气管哮喘患儿（观察组,其中急性发作期27例,缓解期25例）血清白细胞介素（IL）-10、TL-13和IgE水平,并与体检正常20例儿童（对照组）进行对照;对哮喘发作期IL-10、IL-13与IgE水平行相关分析。结果 急性发作期患儿血清IL-10水平显著低于缓解期和对照组（P均〈0.05）,而IL-13和IgE水平显著高于缓解期和对照组（P均〈0.05）。IL-10与IgE呈负相关（r=-0.568,P〈0.05）,IL-13与IgE呈正相关（r=0.593,P〈0.05）。认为IL-10和IL-13参与支气管哮喘发病的整个过程;检测血清IL-10、IL-13及IgE水平可反映支气管哮喘的炎症状态及评价治疗效果。     

过敏性哮喘青春期缓解者外周血IL—4、IL—5活性和IgE的变化

目的：阐明过敏性哮喘青春期解者血清IL－4及IL－5活性和IgE的变化，方法采用ELISA法检测IL－4、IL－5活性和IgE，分别对16例青春期缓解者（A组），26例哮喘发作期（B组）及22例哮喘缓解解患者（C组）和20例正常人（D组）进行比较。结果（1）青春期缓解者-5在性未显著升高，明显低于哮喘发作期患者（P＜0．01）和缓解期患者（P＜0．05），与正常人比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。（2）青春期缓解者IL－4较哮喘发作期患者明显降低（P＜0．01），与缓解期患者和正常人比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。（3）IgE浓度比较作期明显降低（P＜0．01），与政党人比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05），但还未明显低于哮喘缓解期患者（P＞0．05）。结论过敏性喘喘期解者外周血IL－4、IL－5活性明显降低，IgE有一定程度下降，提示IL－4、IL－5、IgE在支气管哮喘发病机制上起着重要作用。     

哮喘患儿血清ECP和IgE水平及其临床意义

为探讨血清嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白（ECP）和免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平在哮喘病中的意义，对75例哮喘患儿和20例健康儿进行了ECP及IgE检测，结果哮喘发作期（28例）、ECP水平显著高于稳定期（23例）、缓解期（24例）及健康儿，稳定期，缓解期P均＜0．01；IgE则发作期高于缓解期和健康儿（P＜0．01），但与稳定期无差异（P＞0．05）。认为血清ECP水平能更准确地反映嗜酸粒细胞的活化状态和气道炎症变化，且较IgE敏感，是诊断哮喘，判断病情和指导抗炎治疗的可靠指标。     

黄精多糖对哮喘患者血清总IgE、IL-4、INF-γ及肺功能的影响

目的 探讨黄精多糖对哮喘患者血清总IgE、IL-4、INF-γ及肺功能的影响.方法 选择哮喘急性发作期患者60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例,所有患者均给予相对应级别剂量的糖皮质激素等常规治疗,黄精多糖治疗组于常规治疗基础上加用黄精多糖注射液,每月连续用7天,疗程3个月.所有患者在治疗前及治疗3个月后检测血清总IgE、IL-4、INF-γ浓度,并测定肺功能(FEV1%和PEF%).结果 与治疗前比较,治疗组患者血清总IgE、IL-4含量较治疗前明显降低(P＜0.01);血清INF-γ水平显著升高(P＜0.01),肺功能明显改善(P＜0.01).与对照组比较,治疗组患者血清总IgE和IL-4含量明显降低(P＜0.05);血清INF-γ水平显著升高(P＜0.01),肺功能明显改善(P＜0.05).结论 黄精多糖能有效改善急性发作期哮喘患者肺功能,并能降低血清总IgE和IL-4水平,从而降低哮喘患者的气道高反应性.     

哮喘患者血清TNF-α、IL-13、IgE水平变化及意义

采用ELISA法检测60例支气管哮喘患者观察组（急性发作期31例,缓解期29例）和22例健康体检者（对照组）血清IL-13、TNF-α、IgE水平。结果观察组TNF-α、IL-13、IgE水平均显著高于对照组（P均〈0.05）,发作期IL-13水平显著高于缓解期（P〈0.05）,发作期与缓解期TNF-α水平无明显差异。提示TNF-α、IL-13升高是哮喘发病的重要因素,IL-13促进IgE的产生。     

白细胞介素13在哮喘、COPD中的变化研究

目的探讨白细胞介素13（IL-13）在支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的变化。方法选择正常组30例、哮喘急性发作期和COPD急性加重期各30例,哮喘缓解期和COPD稳定期各30例。取静脉血,用ELISA方法测定血清中IL-13的水平,并进行统计学分析。结果哮喘IL-13水平分析：急性发作期68．18±2．24（pg／ml）显著高于缓解期43．49±4．04（pg／ml）,P〈0．01,且两组均显著高于正常对照组25．45±5．49（pg／m1）,P〈0．01;COPD IL-13水平分析：急性加重期组51．55±3．16（pg／m1）显著高于稳定期组34．89±2．16（pg／m1）,P〈0．01。且两组均显著高于对照组,P〈0．01。结论IL-13参与了哮喘和COPD慢性炎症的形成。     

支气管哮喘患者血浆 IL-33 水平变化及临床意义简

目的 探讨支气管哮喘患者血浆白介素33（IL-33）水平变化及临床意义.方法 对40例未治疗的支气管哮喘急性发作期及治疗后缓解期的患者、20例健康体检者血浆中IL-33的水平进行检测,并检测IgE水平及ESO计数;所有受试者行肺功能检测（PTF）.结果 ①哮喘患者急性发作期IL-33水平升高,缓解期降低（P〈0.05）;急性发作期IgE水平和ESO绝对计数均升高,缓解期降低（P〈0.05）.②哮喘急性发作期IL-33水平与IgE水平、ESO绝对计数正相关（r=0.401,0.38,P〈0.05）,与FEV1%pred和FEV1/FVC%负相关（r=-0.331,-0.434,P〈0.05,0.01）.结论 IL-33参与了哮喘的发病过程,其水平变化可有助于哮喘临床诊断和病情监测.     

哮喘患儿血清Th1/Th2类细胞因子水平及其临床意义的研究

采用 IL ISA法测定了哮喘发作期和缓解期患儿的血清白介素 - 12 ( IL- 12 )和白介素 - 4 ( IL- 4 )。结果发现 ,发作期哮喘患儿 IL - 12水平 ( 3 5 .2± 11.18pg/ ml)显著低于缓解期 ( 4 2 .75± 13 .3 8pg/ ml)和健康儿 ( 4 5 .4 3±2 9.19pg/ ml) ,P分别 <0 .0 1、0 .0 5。发作期和缓解期哮喘患儿血清 IL - 4阳性率 (分别为 5 5 .5 6%和 3 6.3 6% )均显著高于健康儿 ( 9.1% ) ,P分别 <0 .0 1、0 .0 5。IL- 12和 IL- 4呈显著负相关 ( r=- 0 .3 4 ,P<0 .0 5 )。认为哮喘患儿存在明显的 Th1 / Th2 类细胞因子失衡 ,IL- 12和 IL- 4在哮喘发病中都起重要作用。吸入糖皮质激素等治疗可改变这种失衡状态。     

IL-18和IgE在哮喘发作期患者血清中表达水平的研究

目的 研究白细胞介素-18(IL-18)和免疫球蛋白E(IgE)在哮喘发作期患者血清中的表达水平,以及两者的相关性.方法 选取哮喘发作期患者50例,哮喘缓解期患者20例、健康对照者20例.采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ABC-ELISA)测定血清IL-18表达水平,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清IgE表达水平.结果 哮喘发作组血清IL-18和IgE表达水平明显高于哮喘缓解组及健康对照组(P<0.05).哮喘发作期患者血IL-18与IgE表达水平之间存在正相关关系(r=0.865,P<0.05).结论 哮喘发作期患者血清IL-l8和IgE表达水平增高,两者有明显的相关关系.     

哮喘患儿血清Th1／Th2类细胞因子水平及其临床意义研究

采用ILISA法测定了哮喘发作期和缓解期患儿的血清白介素-12(IL-12)和白介素-4(IL-4).结果发现,发作期哮喘患儿IL-12水平(35.2±11.18pg/ml)显著低于缓解期(42.75±13.38pg/ml)和健康儿(45.43±29.19pg/ml),P分别<0.01、0.05.发作期和缓解期哮喘患儿血清IL-4阳性率(分别为55.56%和36.36%)均显著高于健康儿(9.1%),P分别<0.01、0.05.IL-12和IL-4呈显著负相关(r=-0.34,P<0.05).认为哮喘患儿存在明显的Th1/Th2类细胞因子失衡,IL-12和IL-4在哮喘发病中都起重要作用.吸入糖皮质激素等治疗可改变这种失衡状态.     

臭虫抗原与支气管哮喘关系的探讨

目的 :通过体内外实验等方法研究臭虫抗原与支气管哮喘发病间的关系。方法 :对 32 0例 (男性146例 ,女性 174例 )支气管哮喘患者作了皮肤试验 ,并对其中 36例进行嗜碱细胞组胺释放试验 ( HRBT)和臭虫特异性抗原 Ig E测定。结果 :臭虫抗原提取液皮肤试验阳性率为 63.1% ,HRBT阳性率为 91.6% ,特异性Ig E抗体阳性率为 66.2 %。结论 :温带臭虫抗原可能与南京地区支气管哮喘患者发病有密切关系。     

Extracts of Anacardium occidentale (cashew) pollen in patients with allergic bronchial asthma.

Allergic reactions to the pollen of trees is among the most prevalent allergic sensitivities. The cashew tree grows in abundance in the northeast region of the Brazil, mainly in Fortaleza city, in state of the Ceará. It flowers once a year between August and October. This is the first study conducted to establish the possible role of the cashew pollen extract in causing skin test reactivity in patients with allergic asthma. A stock solution of pollen extract was prepared with the standard weight/volume method for intradermal skin tests and for the protein content of the extract, estimated with the use of Folin phenol reagent and a spectrophotometer. Ten nonallergic volunteers and 80 subjects with allergic asthma, as documented by previous positive skin test reactions to various pollens, were studied. All of the 80 patients (100%) had positive test reactions (grade III and grade IV reactions). None of the control subjects (n = 10) had positive responses to the intradermal tests. This study provided us with knowledge of an additional pollen extract of the Anacardium occidentale, which could provoke skin test reactivities in asthmatic individuals from the northeastern area of Brazil. The results suggest a relationship between the period of flowering of the cashew tree and the increased number of allergic asthma cases.     

Prevalence of pollen sensitization in younger children who have asthma.

It is commonly believed that young children are incapable of pollen sensitization; therefore, skin testing usually is not performed to these allergens. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of positive skin tests to outdoor allergens among younger children who have asthma. Patients who have asthma, aged 6 months to 10 years, were evaluated for pollen sensitization over a 10-year period. Skin-prick testing was performed to relevant individual aeroallergens including trees, grasses, and weeds. Testing for perennial indoor allergens such as dust mites, cats, dogs, cockroaches, and molds was performed also. A total of 687 children with asthma were evaluated. No child <12 months old was sensitized to pollens. Children between 12 and 24 months of age had a 29% incidence of pollen sensitization. Three-year-old children were as likely to be skin test positive to pollen as an indoor allergen. Notably, 49% of 3- and 4-year olds were sensitized to outdoor allergens. Primary sensitizing pollens in this age group were short ragweed, box elder, and June grass. In this population, pollen sensitization was not related to tobacco or wood smoke exposure. Although it is widely believed that young children with asthma are most commonly allergic to indoor allergens, almost 40% of our 1- to 3-year old children with asthma showed IgE-mediated sensitivity to outdoor allergens. Pediatric allergists should consider performing skin-prick testing to their local common aeroallergens in young children with asthma and seasonal symptoms.     

激素治疗亚急性甲状腺炎不同停药指征的疗效观察

目的 探讨激素治疗亚急性甲状腺炎（SAT）不同停药指征的疗效差异.方法 观察组以甲状腺131^I摄取率恢复正常作为激素停药指征,总疗程不少于3个月,对照组以血沉降至正常作为开始停用激素指征,总疗程6～8周,并比较两组的治愈率、复发率和甲减发生率.结果 观察组治愈率为95%,复发率为0%,甲减发生率为5%;对照组治愈率为66.67%,复发率为22.22%,甲减发生率为16.67%,两组比较差异有显著性（P＜0.01）.结论 治疗亚急性甲状腺炎时,以甲状腺吸131^I率恢复正常作为激素停药指征,总疗程不少于3个月,可提高治愈率,避免病情复发,降低甲减发生率.     

Allergy to laxative compound (Plantago ovata seed) among health care professionals.

BACKGROUND: The seeds of Plantago ovata (psyllium, ispaghula) used in the manufacture of bulk laxatives are known to be the cause of occupational allergy (rhinitis, asthma) in health care and pharmaceutical workers. OBJECTIVE: We studied the prevalence of P ovata seed allergy among health care workers in geriatric care homes and compared it with a group of health care professionals not exposed to P ovata seed. Cross reactivity with Plantago lanceolata pollen was also studied. METHODS: Two groups of health professionals were recruited: 58 health care workers from geriatric care homes who were exposed daily to laxatives containing P ovata and 63 nonexposed health care professionals. The prevalence of allergy and sensitization to P ovata seed was determined based on clinical history, skin prick test, and analysis of specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E. IgE immunoblotting was performed to calculate the molecular weights of the P ovata seed allergens. Cross reactivity to P lanceolata pollen was studied by enzyme allergosorbent test (EAST) and immunoblot inhibition techniques. RESULTS: The prevalence of sensitization and clinical allergy to P ovata seed in the exposed group was 13.8% and 8.6%, respectively. No sensitization was observed in the nonexposed group. IgE-binding proteins of 17, 20, 25, 32-34, 54, 73-77, and > 97 kDa were identified. EAST inhibition and immunoblot inhibition demonstrated the existence of cross reactivity between P ovata seed and P lanceolata pollen extracts. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of sensitization to P ovata seed is high among health care workers in geriatric care homes (13.8%). A mild cross reactivity between P ovata seed and P lanceolata pollen was observed.     

支气管激发试验阳性患者变应原皮试的临床探讨

目的了解支气管激发试验阳性患者对14种吸入变应原（过敏原）过敏的分布状况和相关性。方法选取366例支气管激发试验阳性患者进行变应原皮试。结果366例患者中297例对14种变应原试验阳性,总阳性率为81．1％;过敏原以屋尘、粉尘螨、多价昆虫、春季花粉I等为主;其中对6种及6种以上变应原过敏的患者占35．7％。皮试阳性组患者与皮试阴性组患者吸人使第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）下降20％的乙酰甲胆碱累积剂量（PD20FEV,）差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论支气管激发试验阳性患者最常见的过敏原为屋尘、粉尘螨、多价昆虫、春季花粉I等;PD20FEV。与变应原皮试检出阳性率可能存在相关性。     

Specific IgG antibodies (total and subclasses) against Saffron pollen: a study of their correlation with specific IgE and immediate skin reactions

Saffron (Zaaferan), botanical name Crocus sativus, is the most expensive spice in the world. It is derived from the dried stigma and pistil of the purple saffron crocus flowers. Iran is the largest saffron producer accounting for more than 80% of the world's production. Saffron contains an aeroallergen that causes reactive respiratory allergic reactions in atopic subjects. IgG antibody to allergens in the serum of allergic patients is not routinely measured. In this study in order to find out more about mechanism of allergy against saffron pollen, specific antibodies (IgE and IgG, total and subclasses) in atopic subjects were assayed. We used an ELISA assay for measuring specific IgE and IgG against saffron pollen extract in the sera of 38 atopic subjects (test group) and 20 non allergic subjects (control group). The optical densities were compared between allergic subjects and non-allergic individuals. The prick test with saffron pollen extract was used to evaluate the cutaneous and specific antibody responses in the allergic subjects. The correlation was determined by statistical analysis. Specific saffron pollen IgE and IgG subclasses were found significantly higher in the allergic subjects than the control group. The immediate skin reaction was found positive in 70% of the test group. We report here, the existence of a positive correlation between specific IgE and skin reaction by prick test in atopic subjects (R= 0.433). A negative correlation between specific IgE and IgG4 subclass was also found (R= -0.576). These data may be useful to understand the mechanism of allergy to saffron and may help in clarifying clinical manifestations and to prevent IgE production as well as therapeutic application.     

北京地区门诊患者常见吸入过敏原致敏谱

目的 了解北京地区过敏性疾病常见吸入过敏原致敏谱,探讨国产过敏原皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test,SPT)试剂的安全性.方法 选取2017年1月至2020年7月就诊于本科门诊可疑过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘和过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘的患者,采用32种吸入过敏原试剂进行SPT,比较年龄和疾病变应原分布,观察评价国产SPT...     

依托咪酯在大鼠最大电休克和戊四氮模型中的抗惊厥作用

目的研究依托咪酯在最大电休克(maximal electroshock seizure,MES)和戊四氮(metrazol seizure test,MST)惊厥实验中的抗惊厥作用。方法复制160只Wistar大鼠MES和MST模型,MES实验大鼠80只随机分为4组,分别为依托咪酯10 mg/kg组(E10组)、5 mg/kg组(E5组)、2.5 mg/kg组(E2.5组)和对照1组,每组20只。MST实验大鼠80只随机分为4组,分别为依托咪酯10 mg/kg组(E10组)、5 mg/kg组(E5组)、2.5 mg/kg组(E2.5组)和对照2组,每组20只。观察MES中大鼠的惊厥发生率、死亡率和强直持续期,MST中惊厥潜伏期、惊厥数和死亡数,并记录每只大鼠的发作强度。发作24 h后,灌注固定后取脑,常规HE染色及Nissl染色。结果在MES中,与对照1组比较,E2.5组可缩短强直持续期(P<0.05),对惊厥发生率无明显影响,E5组可同时缩短强直持续期(P<0.01)降低惊厥发生率,E10组可完全拮抗大鼠电惊厥的发生。在MST中,与对照2组比较,依托咪酯各组仍具明显抗惊厥作用,其抗惊厥作用具有剂量依赖性,用量越大,大鼠惊厥发生强度越小。结论依托咪酯在动物模型观察中,具有对抗癫癎发作的作用,有希望成为临床治疗癫癎发作的药物。     

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis after apple intake

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis frequently is related to food ingestion, so that it receives the name of "food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis". The food identification is difficult in some patients. We report two patients with apple-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. STUDY: hematimetries, biochemistries, VMA and 5-HIAA in urine. Complement levels, antinuclear antibodies and viruses serology. ALLERGOLOGIC STUDY: skin prick test with a common inhalant. Skin prick test and prick by prick with different foods. Total Ig E level and specific Ig E determination by the CAP-Pharmacia System. Oral challenge test with apple, exercise test and exercise challenge test after eating an apple. Prick by prick test with fresh apple was positive. Specific Ig E determination by the CAP-Pharmacia System revealed a positive result. We get to reproduce the episode with an exercise challenge test after eating an apple in the same conditions of usual exercise in both patients.