解剖型跟骨钛板治疗SandersⅡ～Ⅳ型跟骨骨折

目的 探讨应用解剖型跟骨钛板治疗SandersⅡ～Ⅳ型跟骨骨折的临床疗效.方法 自2003年7月至2008年7月采用解剖型钢板内固定治疗34例41足SandersⅡ～Ⅳ型跟骨骨折患者,男21例(26足),女13例(15足),年龄21～61岁,平均37.5岁;单足27例,双足7例.采用Maryland足部评分系统(MFS)评分标准对术后效果进行评估.结果 所有患者术后获24～60个月(平均36.5个月)随访,骨折均获骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间为4.7～11.2个月,平均6.3个月,无骨不连及畸形愈合.按MFS评分标准评定疗效:优25足,良11足,一般4足,差1足,优良率为87.8%.结论 解剖型跟骨钛板治疗SandersⅡ-Ⅳ型跟骨骨折可获得满意的临床效果.     

AO钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折

目的评价AO钢板内固定治疗跟骨骨折的疗效。方法自2000年7月～2004年10月,25例累及距下关节的跟骨骨折行跟骨外侧入路,用可塑型AO钛型钢板内固定治疗,必要时采用植骨术。结果所有患者经8～24个月(平均16个月)随访,根据Maryland足部评分系统,25例跟骨SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型骨折患者有22例评为优良,总优良率88.0%。结论开放性复位和可塑型钛型钢板内固定以及必要的植骨是治疗跟骨骨折的有效方法。     

AO跟骨接骨板治疗SandersⅢ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨AO跟骨接骨板治疗SandersⅢ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折的疗效.方法 自2002年1月至2009年7月共收治疗24例SandersⅢ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折患者,男22例,女2例;年龄18～44岁,平均24岁.应用AO跟骨接骨板及髂骨植骨进行有限坚强内固定,术中注意关节面、B(o)hler角的复位.结果所有患者术后获12～30个月(平均22个月)随访,患者主观症状优良率为89.3%,足部外形优良率为B2.1%,足及踝关节活动优良率为75.0%,B(o)hler角优良率为75.0%.总体优良率为80.4%.结论 AO跟骨接骨板治疗Sanders Ⅲ、Ⅳ型跟骨骨折疗效满意,术后能早期功能锻炼,并可减少并发症的发生.     

切开复位钢板螺钉内固定治疗跟骨骨折

跟骨骨折以往主要采用保守治疗为主，但病残率高。2005年7月-2006年3月，我科对47例跟骨骨折患者采用手术切开复位钢板螺钉内固定治疗，笔者对其效果进行分析。     

手术治疗跟骨关节内骨折23例分析

跟骨骨折是足部常见骨折，约占全身骨折2％。足部骨折80％，其中75％为关节内骨折。本院自1999年4月至2004年7月，采用重建钛板治疗SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型跟骨骨折23例，疗效满意。     

注射型人工骨在跟骨复杂骨折中的应用

目的探讨MIIG 115注射型人工骨在治疗跟骨复杂骨折中的应用。方法自2004年7月至2006年10月，20例累及距下关节的跟骨骨折行跟骨外侧人路手术，其中1拶例行钢板内固定＋局部注射MIIG 115注射型人工骨植骨，4例行切开复位外固定支架固定＋MIIG 115注射型人工骨植骨治疗。结果所有患者经8～24个月（平均16个月）随访，骨折平均愈合时间14周，根据Maryland足部评分系统，20例跟骨SandersⅡ、Ⅲ型骨折患者有18例评为优良，总优良率90．0％，无一例出现明显并发症。结论MIIG 115注射型人工骨植骨＋内外固定治疗跟骨复杂骨折临床疗效满意，是跟骨复杂骨折有效的治疗方法。MIIG 115注射型人工骨是一种良好的骨移植替代物。     

跟骨丘部植骨重建距下关节融合治疗跟骨关节内陈旧骨折

目的探讨跟骨丘部自体骨植骨重建距下关节融合术治疗陈旧性跟骨关节内骨折的手术方法及适应证. 方法 2000年7月～2003年10月,对11例跟骨陈旧性骨折患者行自体髂骨植骨丘部重建距下关节融合的方法进行治疗.其中男9例,女2例,年龄21～48岁;均为单侧足.跟骨外侧改良L形切口,全部取髂骨植骨重建跟骨丘部高度,髂骨块平均为3.0 cm×2.5 cm×1.8 cm,跟骨外膨的外侧壁均切除. 结果 11例获随访3～18个月,平均11.5个月.重建丘部骨10～12周愈合,术后8周部分负重,平均13.2周完全负重行走.根据张铁良跟骨关节内骨折评分标准:优4例,良5例,可2例.X线片示Bhler角、跟骨宽度以及跟骨丘部高度基本恢复正常. 结论自体髂骨植骨、跟骨丘部高度重建及距下关节融合术是治疗陈旧性跟骨骨折的一种有效方法,可矫正跟骨畸形,并恢复外形及功能.     

经皮撬拨复位穿针法治疗跟骨关节内骨折

跟骨骨折临床上较常见,常为高处坠落后所致,约占全身骨折的2%,60%～75%的跟骨骨折累及距下关节面,目前治疗方法较多,我们随访了自1998年1月-2004年7月采用透视下经皮撬拨加手法复位加克氏针经皮内固定方法治疗跟骨关节内骨折33例38足,疗效满意,现总结报告如下.     

空心钉内固定治疗跟骨骨折29例

2001年7月～2003年9月我科采用空心钉对29例跟骨骨折进行手术内固定,疗效满意,现报道如下.     

切开复位内固定加人工骨移植治疗跟骨粉碎骨折

目的探讨切开复位内固定联合可注射型人工骨治疗跟骨粉碎性骨折的手术方法和疗效。方法我科自2005年7月至2008年8月采用切开复位内固定联合可注射型人工骨植入的方法对30例35足波及距下关节的跟骨粉碎性骨折进行治疗,骨折按Sanders标准分型,型26例30足,型4例5足。术中采用跟骨外侧切口,将塌陷的跟骨后关节面复位后用可注射型人工骨材料填充跟骨内空腔及跟骨解剖钢板固定。结果全部患者获得随访,随访时间为8～20个月,平均10.5个月。全部骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间2.5～6个月,平均3.5个月。按Maryland足部评分系统评价术后功能,本组优21足,良9足,可3足,差2例,总体优良率为85.7%。结论采用切开复位内固定联合可注射型人工骨治疗跟骨粉碎性骨折能获得良好复位,可提供持续而稳定的固定,能防止骨折术后早期塌陷,避免了取自体骨植骨的痛苦,临床疗效满意。     

胸腰椎骨折椎弓根内固定断裂与植骨融合方式的相关性分析

[目的]探讨胸腰椎骨折椎弓根螺钉内固定系统内固定术后,椎弓根螺钉断裂与植骨融合方式之间的关系,以探讨胸腰椎骨折植骨融合的最佳方式。[方法]回顾性研究1995年5月~2005年12月本院脊柱外科收治的胸腰椎骨折病人197例,其中A组单纯内固定(不植骨)患者14例,B组“H”形椎板植骨21例,C组横突间植骨67例,D组椎间、椎内联合横突间植骨95例。[结果]术后随访6~32个月,内固定断裂12例,其中A组4例,B组3例,C组5例,D组0例,4组中D组内固定断裂率显著低于其他3组(P<0.05)。[结论]椎间、椎体内联合横突间植骨重建脊柱三柱的稳定性,符合人体生物力学原理,能有效降低内固定断裂的发生。     

On the measurement of the functional properties of the CFTR

A number of methods are currently employed to assess the functional properties of CFTR channels and their response to pharmacological potentiators, correction of the defective CFTR trafficking, and vectorial introduction of new proteins. Here we review the most common methods used to assess CFTR channel function. The suitability of each technique to various experimental conditions is discussed.     

The Measurement of the Inclination Angle of the Hamate and Analysis of the Inclination Angle for the Rotation Deformity of the Little Finger in the Fixation of the Carpometacarpal Joint

ObjectiveComplex base fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone and dislocation of the fifth carpometacarpal joint are more prone to internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence after fixation with a transarticular plate. In the past, we have neglected that there is actually a certain angle of external rotation in the hamate surface of transarticular fixation. This study measured the inclination angle of the hamate surface relative to the fifth metacarpal surface for clinical reference.MethodsIn a prospective single‐center study, we investigated the tilt angle of 60 normal hamates. The study included thin‐layer computed tomography (CT) data from 60 patients from the orthopaedic clinic and inpatient unit from January 2017 to March 2020, including 34 men and 26 women who were 15~59 years old, average 35 years old. The CT data of 60 cases in Dicom format of the hand was input into Mimics and 3‐Matics software for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and measuring the angle α between hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface. According to the possible placement of the transarticular plate on the fifth metacarpal surface, we measured the angle β between the hamate surface 1 and the fifth metacarpal surface and the angle γ between the hamate surface 2 and the fifth metacarpal surface.ResultsThe average angle between the hamate surface and the fifth metacarpal surface was 11.66°. The hamate surfaces 1 and 2 have an external rotation angle of 7.30° and 7.51° on average with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the angles between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe horizontal angle of the dorsal side of the hamate is different from the back of the fifth metacarpal surface, and the hamate has a certain external rotation angle with respect to the fifth metacarpal surface. No matter how the transarticular plate is placed, the plate always has a certain external rotation angle relative to the fifth metacarpal surface. When the fixation is across the fifth carpometacarpal joint, if the plate does not twist and shape, it will inevitably cause internal rotation of the fifth metacarpal, resulting in internal rotation deformity of the little finger sequence.     

静脉输注甘露醇开放血脑屏障对抗生素透过血脑屏障的影响

目的　通过快速静脉输注甘露醇可逆性开放血脑屏障 (BBB) ,探知此方法能否增加抗生素透过BBB的量 ,在何时达到最高峰 ,其通透量增加后临床上有无不良反应。方法　采用自身配伍设计 ,共 6个样本组。对照组仅使用抗生素 ;其余 5组分别在使用甘露醇前 60、3 0min ,同时使用甘露醇后 3 0、60min使用抗生素 ,各组皆取使用抗生素后 1h的脑脊液测其抗生素浓度。抗生素选用头孢三嗪。结果　测量值经过q检验 ,经 2 0 %甘露醇处理前后的CSF中的头孢三嗪浓度差异有非常显著性。全组患者经临床观察未出现神经系统的不良反应。结论　经静脉快速输注2 0 %甘露醇后可以使透过BBB的水溶性抗生素的量增加 ,两者使用的顺序是在抗生素使用 3 0min内即给予甘露醇快速滴注。该方法不会增加低神经毒性抗生素在中枢神经系统的不良反应。     

三角韧带损伤的手术治疗

[目的]探讨踝关节三角韧带损伤的手术治疗及效果。[方法]2002年4月-2005年4月治疗伴有三角韧带损伤的踝关节骨折40例，均采用切开复位和坚强内固定，并修复重建三角韧带，恢复踝关节内外侧结构的稳定性。下胫腓联合分离仍不稳定者，给予皮质骨螺钉横向内固定。[结果]全部病例得到16个月-3a随访，平均1．5a。按齐氏疗效评定标准：优良30例，可8例，差2例，优良率75％。[结论]强调踝关节骨折切开解剖复位，坚强内固定的同时，应充分重视修复重建三角韧带。     

Influence of the design of the prosthesis on the outcome after hemiarthroplasty of the shoulder in displaced fractures of the head of the humerus

We reviewed 39 patients with displaced three- and four-part fractures of the humerus. In 21 patients (group A) we had used an anatomical prosthesis for the humeral head and in 18 (group B) an implant designed for fractures. When followed up at a mean of 29.3 months after surgery the overall Constant score was 51.9 points; in group A it was 51.5 and in group B 52.4 points. The subjective satisfaction of the patients was assessed using a numerical rating scale and was similar in both groups. In group A complete healing of the tuberosities was found in 29% and 50% in group B. Partial integration was seen in 29% of group A and in only one patient in group B, while resorption was noted in 43% of group A and 44% of group B. The functional outcome was significantly better in patients with complete or partial healing of the tuberosities (p=0.022). The specific trauma prosthesis did not lead to better healing of the tuberosities. The difference in clinical outcome obtained by the two designs did not reach statistical significance.     

Preservation of the pylorus and resection of the head of the pancreas

The historical evolution of the pylorus-preservation resection of the head of the pancreas is traced from the first resections early in this century to relative standardization of the operation, to a lowering of the operative mortality, and to an interest in improving nutritional status after resection. There are many theoretical advantages for the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract after pylorus and gastric preservation, such as maintenance of gastric capacitance and equilibration of osmotic pressure in gastric digestants, foodstuff digestion and absorption, and bowel motility. After the pylorus-preserving resection, gastric emptying is normal, pyloric function to prevent duodenal reflux is often normal, and gastric acids and serum levels of duodenal hormones are at normal levels, whereas after standard pancreatoduodenectomy, all of these are often abnormal. No prospective blinded studies have been published comparing nutritional values after the two operative procedures, but evidence is presented of a satisfactory result with regard to gastric capacitance, body weight gain, and lack of postgastrectomy symptoms. An undoubted advantage of the pylorus-preserving feature is a simplification of the operation. These gains are achieved without increase in operative mortality, without increase in the incidence of jejunal ulcer, and without theoretical or actual decrease in value of the procedure as a cancer operation, except in patients with duodenal carcinoma proximal to the ampulla of Vater.