Specific increase in serum autotaxin activity in patients with pancreatic cancer

ObjectivesTo evaluate the potential clinical significance of serum autotaxin (ATX) level in patients with cancers of the digestive system.Design and methodsSerum ATX activity was measured as the lysophospholipase D activity in patients with cancer of the esophagus (n = 8), stomach (n = 18), colorectum (n = 21), biliary tract (n = 19), or pancreas (n = 103) and in patients with benign pancreatic diseases (n = 73).ResultsAmong patients with various cancers of digestive system, increased serum ATX activity was predominantly observed among pancreatic cancer patients. Serum ATX activity was not increased in patients with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cysts. In the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, the area under the receiver operating curve for serum ATX activity was 0.541 (95% CI, 0.435–0.648) for men and 0.772 (95% CI, 0.659–0.885) for women. No significant correlation was observed between serum ATX activity and CEA, CA19-9 or Dupan2 levels.ConclusionSerum ATX activity may be useful for identifying pancreatic cancer when used together with other serum markers of pancreatic cancer.     

糖类抗原在肺癌 乳腺癌及胰腺癌患者血清表达水平分析

目的探讨糖类抗原（CA）125、糖类抗原（CA）199、糖类抗原（CA）153水平检测在肺癌、乳腺癌及胰腺癌患者诊疗过程中的临床价值。方法采用化学发光免疫分析系统检测健康对照组及经临床确诊的肺癌、乳腺癌及胰腺癌患者血清CA125、CA199、CA153水平。结果肺癌组CA153水平高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=2.222 1,P〈0.05）;乳腺癌组CA125、CA199、CA153水平明显高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=2.1848,t=2.512 3,t=2.153 3,P〈0.05）;胰腺癌组CA125、CA199水平高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=2.8814,P〈0.01,t=12.540 8,P〈0.01）;CA199在胰腺癌组的阳性率达100%。结论 CA125、CA199、CA153检测在肺癌、乳腺癌及胰腺癌患者诊疗过程中具有重要的参考价值。     

血清黏蛋白抗原4对胰腺癌的诊断价值研究

摘要：目的：研究血清黏蛋白抗原4(mucin antigen 4,MUC4)对胰腺癌诊断价值。 方法：用ELISA法测定胰腺癌患者血清中MUC4的含量,根据ROC曲线确定MUC4的cut off值并计算ROC曲线下面积（AUC^ROC）,根据诊断效能评估表评价MUC4、CA19-9和CA242对胰腺癌诊断价值。 结果:胰腺癌患者血清MUC4的浓度和阳性率与慢性胰腺炎组及健康对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01),而慢性胰腺炎组与健康对照组之间无明显差异(P>0.05);MUC4的cut off值为4.54 ng/mL,AUC^ROC为0.880;胰腺癌患者血清MUC4表达敏感性、特异性和准确性明显优于CA19-9和CA242（P<0.01）。 结论:MUC4可单独或与其他指标联合应用诊断胰腺癌,作为鉴别胰腺癌和慢性胰腺炎的重要参考指标。     

血清丝氨酸蛋白酶A3表达与卵巢癌患者临床病理特征的关系

目的 分析血清丝氨酸蛋白酶A3(HtrA3)表达与卵巢癌患者临床病理特征的相关性.方法 选取100例卵巢癌患者为研究对象,根据手术病理检查结果记录患者临床病理特征,并于患者入院当天检测血清HtrA3表达水平,分析血清HtrA3表达与卵巢癌临床病理特征的关系.结果 100例患者中,52例病理分级为高级别,48例为低级别,58例为肿瘤细胞转移和扩散;国际妇产科联合会(FIGO)分期Ⅰ期17例,Ⅱ期28例,Ⅲ期55例.肿瘤细胞转移和扩散、Ⅲ期、高级别患者血清HtrA3表达水平低于肿瘤细胞未转移和扩散、Ⅰ～Ⅱ期和低级别患者,且CA125表达水平高于肿瘤细胞未转移和扩散、Ⅰ ～Ⅱ期和低级别患者,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同病理类型、年龄、肿瘤直径患者的血清HtrA3、CA125表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,卵巢癌患者人院当天血清CA125表达水平高是患者肿瘤细胞转移和扩散、FIGO分期高、高级别的危险因素(OR＞1,P＜O.05);血清HtrA3表达水平高是卵巢癌患者肿瘤细胞转移和扩散、FIGO分期高和高级别的保护因素(OR＜1,P＜0.05);受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线显示,卵巢癌患者人院当天血清HtrA3表达水平预测肿瘤细胞转移、扩散、FIGO高分期和高级别风险的AUC均＞0.70.结论 血清HtrA3表达与卵巢癌患者临床病理特征存在一定关系.     

自身免疫病患者血清胞间粘附分子检测的意义探讨

目的了解进行性硬皮病（ＰＳＳ）、类风湿性关节炎（ＲＡ）、系统性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子（ｓＩＣＡＭ）１和３的水平及与病情的关系。方法用进口酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）试剂盒分别检测活动期ＰＳＳ、ＲＡ、ＳＬＥ患者与正常人血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１以及ＰＳＳ、ＲＡ患者、正常人血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－３的含量，比较其水平的差异。结果正常对照组（２０例）ｓＩＣＡＭ－１和ｓＩＣＡＭ－３水平分别为２０２．３５±７４．１２μｇ／Ｌ和３６．１８±１４．６８μｇ／Ｌ；ＰＳＳ组患者（３０例）分别为４１３．９２±１４４．５３μｇ／Ｌ和４７．５０±２６．６８μｇ／Ｌ；ＲＡ组患者（２５例）分别为４０５．８８±１８１．１６μｇ／Ｌ和２９．２５±１１．６４μｇ／Ｌ；ＳＬＥ组患者（１９例）ｓＩＣＡＭ－１的水平为３８９．０６±２４１．９４μｇ／Ｌ。各患者组的ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平与正常对照组比较差异有非常显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＰＳＳ、ＲＡ组患者与正常对照组ｓＩＣＡＭ－３测值相互间差异无显著性，但ＰＳＳ与ＲＡ组患者间差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ｓＩＣＡＭ－１与自身免疫病的活动性呈一致性，ｓＩＣＡＭ－３在不同的自身免疫病有不同的表现     

Concentrations of cefotaxime and the desacetyl metabolite in serum and CSF of patients with meningitis

Thirty-two cases of meningitis (20 caused by Gram-positive or -negative cocci, 7 by Gram-negative bacilli or listeria, and 5 with aseptic meningitis) received cefotaxime, 2 g 8-hourly, in addition to routine therapy. The concentrations of cefotaxime and its desacetyl metabolite in serum and CSF were determined by a high pressure liquid chromotography. Mean concentration of cefotaxime in CSF ranged from 0.8 mg/l (aseptic meningitis), to 6.4 mg/l (Gram-negative and listeria meningitis), and from 0.5 to 5.4 mg/l for the metabolite. The concentrations of both cefotaxime and the derivative demonstrated a correlation with the degree of inflammation (i.e., cell count and protein concentration) and were higher at 3 h after an infusion of antibiotic than at one and two hours. The concentration showed no marked decline on day 10 when signs of inflammation had largely resolved. The concentrations of both the parent compound and the metabolite 3 h after the infusion suggest that, considering the activity and half life of both the dosing might be spaced at 6-8 h intervals.     

胰腺癌患者外周血骨桥蛋白检测的临床意义

目的探讨血清骨桥蛋白(OPN)检测在胰腺癌患者临床诊断及病情评估中的应用价值。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法和电化学发光免疫分析(ELC)法检测30例胰腺癌患者和20例健康志愿者的血清OPN、糖类抗原CA19-9、癌胚抗原(CEA)水平,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)法比较OPN、CA19-9、CEA诊断胰腺癌的准确度,评估血清OPN水平在胰腺癌诊断中的价值。结果胰腺癌患者血清OPN、CA19-9、CEA的水平[(79.2±42.1)ng/mL、(397.5±360.0)U/mL、(4.3±3.8)μg/mL)]高于健康志愿者[(31.2±25.6)ng/mL、(37.0±26.2)U/mL、(2.3±2.7)μg/mL)],差异有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05)。血清OPN、CA19-9、CEA诊断胰腺癌的ROC曲线中OPN、CA19-9、CEA的曲线下面积依次为0.825±0.059、0.860±0.059和0.749±0.075。结论胰腺癌患者血清OPN水平明显增高,可作为临床评估病情、监测疗效、判断预后的重要指标。血清OPN与CA19-9、CEA联合检测有助于提高胰腺癌的诊断率,对于胰腺癌筛查有重要意义。     

Symptom management for patients with pancreatic cancer

Patients with pancreatic cancer have multiple symptoms from both disease and treatment. Pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, fatigue, pruritus, and dyspnea are the most common symptoms. Until better treatments are found, patients with pancreatic cancer need effective symptom management to improve their quality of life.     

Concentrations of magnesium, zinc and copper in serum of patients with acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome

The concentrations of Mg, Zn, Cu and albumin, and pseudocholinesterase activity were measured in the sera of 31 AIDS patients, 27 belonging to group IVC1 and 4 to group IVC2. Mean values for all patients were within the normal ranges. Only two patients showed hypozincaemia. A correlation was found between the concentrations of serum zinc and albumin. The serum albumin concentration was correlated with the serum pseudocholinesterase activity.     

胰腺癌患者血清细胞质胸腺激酶1及肿瘤标志物水平变化及其临床意义

目的探讨胰腺癌患者血清细胞质胸腺激酶1(TK1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖链抗原19-9(CA19-9)、糖链抗原72-4(CA72-4)水平变化及其临床意义。方法我院诊治的胰腺癌患者75例(胰腺癌组)和40例良性胰腺疾病患者(良性组),同期体检健康志愿者35例(对照组)。检测各组血清TK1、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4水平,根据血清TK1、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4检测(串联)结果分为联合检测阳性组(n=49)和联合检测阴性组(n=26),依据患者预后情况分为预后良好组(n=24)、预后不良组(n=51)。比较各组血清TK1、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4水平,ROC曲线分析四项指标联合检测对胰腺癌患者预后的预测价值。结果与对照组比较,胰腺癌组、良性组血清TK1、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4水平明显增高,且胰腺癌组高于良性组(P<0.05)。联合检测阳性组临床分期为Ⅳ期、分化程度为低分化的占比高于联合检测阴性组(P<0.05)。预后不良组血清TK1、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4水平高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。TK1、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4水平联合检测诊断胰腺癌患者预后的ROC曲线下面积、灵敏度均较四项指标单独检测的高。结论胰腺癌患者血清TK1、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4水平呈明显升高趋势,且四项指标联合检测对胰腺癌患者预后的预测价值较高,有望为胰腺癌患者预后的改善提供理论参考。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期白细胞介素-6与C-反应蛋白水平的相关研究

目的 探讨人血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)与C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期的关系.方法 以40例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者为研究对象,其中急性加重期的28例为试验组,稳定期的12例为对照组,所有研究对象均于入院时及治疗2周后行血清IL-6与CRP水平的检测,同时行肺功能及其他常规化验指标的检查.结果 ①慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者急性加重期血清中IL-6与CRP水平,治疗后较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01);而稳定期患者IL-6与CRP的水平,治疗前后差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).②与稳定期相比,急性加重期IL-6与CRP的水平显著升高(P<0.01).③1 秒率(FEV1/FVC)与IL-6及CRP的水平呈负相关.结论 血清IL-6与CRP水平随COPD的病情缓解呈进行性下降,IL-6与CRP联合检测可作为早期判断COPD急性加重的敏感指标.     

Concentrations of free thyroxin and free triiodothyronine in serum of patients with thyroxin- and triiodothyronine-binding autoantibodies

Between 1982 and 1989 we identified 47 subjects with spuriously increased concentrations of free thyroxin (FT4) or free triiodothyronine (FT3) related to autoantibody interference in analog FT4 and (or) FT3 methods. The incidence of autoantibody interference observed during one year (1988) was 1 in 2460. In the subjects identified, 51% and 11%, respectively, showed an increased binding of radiolabeled T4 or T3 analog alone; 38% had an increased binding of both. Of 36 patients tested, 71% had autoantibodies to thyroglobulin and microsomal fraction of the thyroid, 19% to microsomal fraction alone, and 9.5% to thyroglobulin alone. In eight subjects, spuriously increased FT4 concentrations were reported with the following FT4 methods (in decreasing order of interference): Coat-A-Count, Amerlex-M, Amerlite, Seria, Magic Lite, Amerlex-MAB. In the same eight subjects, Amerlex-M and Seria reported spuriously increased concentrations of FT3.     

胰腺癌患者氩氦刀冷冻治疗前后血清CA242和TSGF检测的临床意义

目的探讨胰腺癌患者氩氦刀冷冻消融治疗前后血清糖类抗原242(CA242)与恶性肿瘤特异性生长因子(TSGF)的水平变化及其临床意义。方法采用电化学发光和生化法对15例胰腺癌患者冷冻消融治疗前后血清CA242和TSGF水平进行测定,并与15例健康者作比较。结果胰腺癌患者在治疗前后血清CA242和TSGF的水平均显著高于健康者(P<0.01);患者治疗后血清CA242和TSGF水平均显著低于治疗前(P<0.05);患者治疗前后CA242的水平均与性别、临床分期及肝转移有关(P<0.05)。结论氩氦刀冷冻消融治疗后可降低胰腺癌患者血清CA242和TSGF水平,CA242和TSGF可作为胰腺癌诊断、疗效评估的重要指标,CA242对胰腺癌的预后观察有重要的临床意义。     

Activity of phospholipase A compared in serum of patients with pancreatic and nonpancreatic diseases

Phospholipase A (PLA) activity was measured with a semi-automated photometric test system that is based on liberation of fatty acids from phosphatidylcholine by phospholipases A1 (EC 3.1.1.32) and A2 (EC 3.1.1.4). We studied 528 serum samples from 86 patients whose lipase activities were increased owing to pancreatitis, pancreatic carcinoma, and extrapancreatic diseases. PLA activity showed no correlation with lipase or amylase activities or with the primary cause of the disease, but was clearly related to prognosis. Noncomplicated acute pancreatitis was characterized by "normal" PLA activities (0-10 U/L), whereas the values (50-137 U/L) were highest in necrotizing pancreatitis and septicemia with a lethal outcome. Changes in lipase and phospholipase A activities exhibited completely different time courses in the various diagnostic groups.     

Peroxidation of serum lipids in patients with breast cancer

Parameters of chemiluminescence of lipid peroxidation (LP), induced by hydrogen peroxide in the blood serum of oncology patients (n = 60), were examined in the process of their combined therapy. During the dynamic observations, complete correlations were found between the peculiarities of manifestations and of the clinical course of the tumor process, the level of free-radical LP and the antioxidants of blood serum. A comprehensive assessment of all mentioned indices can be used to monitor the efficiency of a conducted therapy.     

运用高灵敏度COLD-PCR法检测胰腺癌和结直肠癌患者KRAS基因突变

目的 评价COLD-PCR法检测胰腺癌和结直肠癌患者KRAS基因突变的价值.方法 采用COLD-PCR/Sanger测序法与普通PCR/Sanger测序法检测KRAS基因野生型结直肠癌细胞系SW116中混有的KRAS基因突变型和结直肠癌细胞系SW480中的KR4S基因突变,确定两种方法 的灵敏度,并采用两种方法 分别检测20例胰腺癌和39例结直肠癌患者石蜡包埋组织的KRAS基因突变,并评价两种方法 的符合率.结果 细胞系检测结果 显示,普通PCR/Sanger测序法和COLD-PCR/Sanger测序法检测KRAS基因突变的灵敏度分别为1∶20和1∶100(突变型:野生型).COLD-PCR/Sanger法检测20例胰腺癌患者KRAS基因突变率[75%(15/20)]高于普通PCR/Sanger测序法[40%(8/20),x2=5.013,P<0.05];COLD-PCR/Sanger测序法检测39例结直肠癌患者的KRAS基因突变率[44%(17/39)]高于普通PCR/Sanger测序法[31%(12/39),x2=1. 372,P=0.174)].两种方法 检测胰腺癌标本的符合率为65%,但一致性较差(Kappa=0.364,P<0.05);而两种方法 检测结直肠癌标本的符合率为87%,且一致性较好(Kappa=0.730,P<0.05).结论 COLD-PCR/Sanger测序法是一种高灵敏性检测胰腺癌和结直肠癌患者KRAS基因突变的方法 .     

胆胰管支架置入在中晚期胰腺癌中的应用

目的探讨胆胰管支架置入在中晚期胰腺癌患者中的应用效果。方法 50例中晚期胰腺癌患者分为支架组25例(置入失败3例)和对照组25例。比较2组手术前后血淀粉酶、肝功能情况、VAS评分、疼痛缓解率、生存时间和并发症发生情况。结果支架组和对照组术后1周平均血TBil、ALT、ALP分别为(36.25±4.85)μmol/L、(89.53±7.68)U/L、(135.38±29.53)U/L和(37.38±4.56)μmol/L、(95.45±7.90)U/L、(145.08±32.97)U/L,均显著低于术前TBil(140.50±20.35)μmol/L、(153.20±41.12)U/L、(532.42±68.23)U/L和(137.82±38.37)μmol/L、(158.42±42.37)U/L、(502.32±60.28)U/L(P0.05)。支架组术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月VAS评分显著低于术前(P0.05),支架组VAS评分显著低于对照组(P0.05)。2组中位生存时间无显著差异(P0.05)。2组术后并发症无显著差异(P0.05)。结论胆胰管支架置入可以有效减轻中晚期胰腺癌患者黄疸及腹痛症状,改善生活质量,但不能明显延长生存期。