高效液相色谱法同时测定芦荟中芦荟苷和芦荟大黄素的含量

目的:建立用高效液相色谱法同时测定芦荟中芦荟苷和芦荟大黄素含量的方法.方法:采用ZORBAXSA-C18柱(5 μm,200 mm×4.6 mm),以甲醇-水(体积比60:40)溶液为流动相,在360 nm处测定芦荟苷的含量,在430 nm处测定芦荟大黄素的含量.结果:芦荟苷在线性范围0.002～0.050 mmol/L内线性关系良好(r=0.999 74),精密度良好(RSD=0.24%),平均加样回收率为102.5%(RSD=1.1%);芦荟大黄素在线性范围0.001～0.040 mmol/L内线性关系良好(r=0.999 77),精密度良好(RSD=0.39%),平均加样回收率为101.4%(RSD=1.0%).结论:该方法快速、简便、准确,能同时测定芦荟苷和芦荟大黄素的含量.     

开封市场芦荟药材中芦荟苷和芦荟多糖含量考察

目的:考察开封市场芦荟药材中芦荟苷和芦荟多糖的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱和紫外分光光度法分别测定不同药店芦荟药材中芦荟苷、芦荟多糖的含量。结果:按照《中国药典》2005年版规定,市场上部分芦荟药材中芦荟苷的含量不符合药典标准,芦荟多糖含量也存在差异。结论:市场芦荟药材的质量存在差异,应该加强和统一芦荟药材的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定黄氏响声丸中5种蒽醌类成分含量

目的:建立黄氏响声丸中5种蒽醌类活性成分的高效液相色谱含量测定方法,有利于制剂的质量控制.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Shimadzu VP-ODS柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸梯度洗脱,流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为254nm,柱温30℃.结果:5种成分为芦荟大黄素0.0...     

高效液相色谱法测定连翘药材中连翘苷的含量

目的 建立连翘药材中连翘苷含量的测定方法.方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Agilent C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-乙腈-水(30∶18∶3);检测波长为230 nm.结果 连翘苷在2～20 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为99.3%,相对标准偏差为0.19%.结论 方法 稳定可靠,可用于连翘药材中连翘苷的含量测定.     

HPLC法测定柴香疏肝胶囊中芍药苷的含量

目的 采用高效液相色谱法测定柴香疏肝胶囊中芍药苷的含量。方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为InertSustain C18柱(4.6mm×150 mm,5 μm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(14∶86)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为230nm。结果 芍药苷的线性范围为0.1172～2.344 μg(r=0.9999),芍药苷平均加样回收率为99.05%,RSD为2.08%。结论 高效液相色谱法可以用于柴香疏肝胶囊中芍药苷的含量测定。     

4个不同产地砂仁中槲皮苷和异槲皮苷含量测定

目的 测定4个不同产地砂仁中槲皮苷和异槲皮苷的含量.方法 采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对砂仁中槲皮苷和异槲皮苷含量进行测定,色谱柱为C18柱(250.0 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇∶0.1％磷酸(40∶60),等度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长350 nm,柱温30℃,进样量10 μL.结果...     

高效液相色谱法测定安徽产木通药材中3种有效成分含量

目的 测定安徽产木通药材中木通苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸和常春藤皂苷元的含量,考察安徽产木通药用价值.方法 采用高效液相色谱法,木通苯乙醇苷B的色谱测定条件为:Alltima C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相是甲醇-水-磷酸(35∶65∶0.05),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长330 nm,柱温35℃;齐墩果酸和常春藤皂苷元的色谱测定条件为:Alltima C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相是乙腈-水(65∶35),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长203 nm,柱温25℃.结果 安徽宁国、明光产木通药材中木通苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸和常春藤皂苷元含量高于市售木通.结论 安徽宁国、明光产木通药材质量较好,可进一步开发利用.     

牛蒡根中有效成分的含量测定

目的:测定牛蒡根中有效成分绿原酸、牛蒡苷及苷元、总糖、还原糖、菊糖、蔗果四糖、果糖及葡萄糖等成分的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法检测牛蒡根中绿原酸,色谱条件:色谱柱为Phenomenex C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.4%磷酸溶液(8∶92)为流动相,检测波长327 nm,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃。采用薄层色谱和高效液相色谱法检测牛蒡根中牛蒡苷及苷元,色谱条件为:色谱柱为Phenomenex C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(1∶1.1)为流动相,检测波长为280 nm,柱温30℃,流速1 mL/min。采用总糖含量减去还原糖含量的方法测定牛蒡根中菊糖含量,其中还原糖含量和总糖含量采用3,5—二硝基水杨酸法和苯酚一硫酸法测定。采用高效液相色谱法检测牛蒡根中蔗果四糖、果糖及葡萄糖,色谱条件:色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX NH_2柱(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm);以乙腈-水(70∶30)为流动相;流速1 mL/min;柱温30℃。检测器为蒸发光散射检测器(ELSD),漂移管温度80℃,氮气体积流量3.5 L/min。压力3.5 bar,gain值为5。结果:牛蒡根中绿原酸含量(1.40±0.36)mg/g;牛蒡根中不含有牛蒡苷和牛蒡苷元;总糖含量(0.93±0.05)g/g;还原糖含量(0.73±0.07)g/g;菊糖含量(199±21.40)mg/g;蔗果四糖含量(2.87±0.10)%;果糖含量(8.68±0.23)%;葡萄糖含量(3.56±0.20)%。结论:牛蒡根中含有较高含量绿原酸、总糖、还原糖、菊糖、蔗果四糖、果糖及葡萄糖等有效成分,具有较高营养和开发价值。     

HPLC法测定安胎丸中黄芩苷的含量

目的:测定安胎丸中黄芩苷的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:DiamonsilC18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-水-冰醋酸(50∶50∶1);检测波长:315nm。结果:黄芩苷的线性范围为12.75～127.50μg/ml,平均加样回收率为99.48%,RSD为1.49%。结论:本法简便、准确、灵敏,可用于安胎丸中黄芩苷的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定乌蕨中牡荆苷的含量

目的建立测定乌蕨中牡荆苷含量的高效液相色谱方法。方法采用DIONEX-C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),以乙腈∶甲醇∶0.2%冰醋酸水溶液(23∶77)为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长270nm。结果牡荆苷在0.009-0.180mg/mL浓度范围内有良好线性关系(r=0.9995),平均加样回收率为98.0%,RSD小于2.0%。结论本方法简便、快速、准确、重复性好,可用于乌蕨中牡荆苷的含量测定。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.