Occurence of RAS reversion in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with bevacizumab

Background: A disappearance of RAS mutations in the plasma of about 50% of mCRCs (metastatic colorectal cancers) treated with bevacizumab-based chemotherapy has been reported. Our aim was to evaluate the same issue at tissue level.Materials and Methods: Using next-generation sequencing and real-time PCR approaches, we characterized the primary tumor (PT) and paired liver metastases in 28 RAS mutant mCRCs. Patients were subdivided into 3 treatment groups: 1) bevacizumab plus chemotherapy; 2) chemotherapy alone; 3) any systemic therapy (control group). In groups 1 and 2, liver metastases were resected after removal of PT and subsequent neoadjuvant systemic therapy.Results: RAS mutant alleles are at the same percentage in PT and liver metastases in the control group, while a significant reduction of the level of RAS mutations was detected in 57.1% of cases in group 1 and in 8.3% of cases in group 2. Differences among groups are statistically significant (p = 0.038).Conclusions: Most of mCRC patients treated with bevacizumab-containing regimens experience a strong reduction of RAS mutant cells, suggesting bevacizumab as particularly active against RAS mutant cells. This finding might have potential therapeutic implications, as anti-EGFR could be reconsidered in primarily RAS mutant patients reverted to a wild-type status after bevacizumab exposure.     

Upfront FOLFOXIRI+bevacizumab followed by fluoropyrimidin and bevacizumab maintenance in patients with molecularly unselected metastatic colorectal cancer

Background:

The addition of bevacizumab (BEV) to standard doublet chemotherapy improves outcomes compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The OPAL study examined the effect of BEV+FOLFOXIRI followed by 5FU/LV and BEV maintenance on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with previously untreated unresectable mCRC.

Methods:

Eligible patients had histologically confirmed mCRC, ECOG performance status ⩽1 and were 18–70 years old. Patients received up to 12 cycles of FOLFOXIRI+BEV q2w (induction phase) followed by up to ⩽40 cycles of 5FU/LV+BEV q2w (maintenance phase). Median PFS was the primary end point; secondary end points included response, OS, secondary resection rate, safety and prognostic value of pharmacogenetic profiling.

Results:

Ninety-seven patients were enrolled. Of these, 90 received study medication and formed the safety population: 64 males; median age 58 (range 28–71) years; ECOG performance status 0/1 in 54%/46% patients; and liver only disease in 35 patients. Relative dose intensities were 79–85% for all four drugs. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was as previously reported and there were no new safety signals. In total, 87 serious AEs occurred in 39 patients (43%). Median PFS was 11.1 months (95% CI 9.4–12.0) and did thus not meet the primary objective of 12 months. Median OS was 32.2 months (95% CI 22.6–36.9). Fifty-two patients were pharmacogenetically profiled.

Conclusions:

FOLFOXIRI+BEV was feasible in this molecularly unselected mCRC patient population, showing a high efficacy in terms of survival, overall response and secondary resection rate. Pharmacogenomic profiling revealed no clinically relevant marker.     

贝伐珠单抗序贯联合mFOLFOX或FOLFIRI方案治疗转移性结直肠癌的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨贝伐珠单抗联合mFOLFOX或FOLFIRI方案作为一线治疗,进展后相互转换为二线治疗在转移性结直肠癌治疗中的真实疗效对比。方法:选取我院于2017年01月至2021年06月收治的101例晚期结直肠癌患者,采取贝伐珠单抗联合mFOLFOX或FOLFIRI方案作为一线治疗,进展后相互转换为二线治疗,观察临床疗效及不良反应情况。结果:贝伐珠单抗先联合mFOLFOX后FOLFIRI组(以下称先mFOLFOX组/pre mFOLFOX)的一线ORR(objective response rate)为44.2%,DCR(disease control rate)为86.5%;二线ORR为24%,DCR为60%。贝伐珠单抗先联合FOLFIRI后mFOLFOX组(以下称先FOLFIRI组/pre FOLFIRI)的一线ORR为42.9%,DCR为81.6%;二线ORR为29.2%,DCR为62.5%。两组间的一/二线ORR及DCR差异均未达统计学意义。Kaplan-Meier分析显示先mFOLFOX6组与先FOLFIRI组的中位PFS(progression-free survival)-...     

Surgical wound healing complications in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with bevacizumab

BACKGROUND: Bevacizumab (Avastin; rhuMab VEGF), a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), significantly prolongs survival when added to intravenous 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in first-line metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. Because antiangiogenic agents might inhibit wound healing, we assessed postoperative wound healing complications in two randomized trials of 5 mg/kg bevacizumab in CRC treatment. METHODS: We assessed the wound healing complications in patients who: (1) underwent cancer surgery 28-60 days before study treatment and (2) underwent major surgery during study treatment. Cases were reviewed for wound healing complications occurring < or = 60 days after surgery. RESULTS: With cancer surgery 28-60 days before study treatment, wound healing complications occurred in 3/230 (1.3%) bevacizumab-treated patients and 1/194 (0.5%) control patients. With major surgery during study treatment, 10/75 bevacizumab-treated patients (13%) and 1/29 control patients (3.4%) had wound healing complications. Bevacizumab-treated patients experienced complications with surgery < or = 30 and 31-60 days after the last dose. CONCLUSIONS: Bevacizumab administered in combination with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin-based chemotherapy 28-60 days after primary cancer surgery caused no increased risk of wound healing complications compared with chemotherapy alone. While wound healing complications were increased in patients who had major surgery during bevacizumab therapy, the majority of bevacizumab-treated patients experienced no complications.     

Surgery with curative-intent in patients treated with first-line chemotherapy plus bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer First BEAT and the randomised phase-III NO16966 trial

Background:

Complete resection of metastases can result in cure for selected patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods:

First BEAT evaluated the safety of bevacizumab with first-line chemotherapy in 1914 patients. Prospectively collected data from 225 patients who underwent curative-intent surgery were analysed, including an exploratory comparison of resection rate in patients treated with different regimens. NO16966 compared efficacy of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy plus bevacizumab or placebo in 1400 patients. A retrospective analysis of resection rate was undertaken.

Results:

In First BEAT, 225 out of 1914 patients (11.8%) underwent curative-intent surgery at median 64 days (range 42–100) after the last dose of bevacizumab. R0 resection was achieved in 173 out of 225 patients (76.9%). There were no surgery-related deaths and serious post-operative complications were uncommon, with grade 3/4 bleeding and wound-healing events reported in 0.4% and 1.8%, respectively. Resection rates were highest in patients receiving oxaliplatin-based combination chemotherapy (P=0.002), possibly confounded by patient selection. In NO16966, 44 out of 699 patients treated with bevacizumab (6.3%) and 34 out of 701 patients treated with placebo (4.9%) underwent R0 metastasectomy (P=0.24).

Conclusions:

The rate of serious post-operative complications in First BEAT was comparable to historical controls without bevacizumab. In NO16966, there were no statistically significant differences in resection rates or overall survival in patients treated with bevacizumab vs placebo.     

mFOLFOX6联合贝伐珠单抗方案围手术期治疗局部进展期结肠癌的疗效和安全性

目的:评估mFOLFOX6联合贝伐珠单抗方案作为局部进展期结肠癌（locally advanced colon cancer,LACC）围手术期治疗的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析既往未接受过治疗的26例LACC患者,所有患者均接受4个周期mFOLFOX6联合贝伐珠单抗方案新辅助化疗和2个周期mFOLFOX6方案新辅助化疗。手术和贝伐珠单抗治疗相隔至少6周。术后继续接受6个周期mFOLFOX6联合贝伐珠单抗方案治疗。主要研究终点为客观有效率（objective response rate,ORR）,次要研究终点为疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR）、肿瘤消退程度（tumor regression grade,TRG）、安全性、无疾病进展生存时间（progression free survival,PFS）和总生存时间（overall survival,OS）。结果:中位年龄49.3（30～70）岁,中位随访时间22.6（11～39）个月,26例患者均完成预定治疗方案,ORR为84.6%（22/26）,CR和PR分别为11.5%（3/26）和73.1%（19/26）,SD的患者占15.4%（4/26）,无PD患者,DCR为100.0%（26/26）。TRG0、TRG1、TRG2和TGR3的患者分别为2例（7.7%）、7例（26.9%）、16例（61.5%）和1例（3.9%）。无治疗相关死亡发生,最常见的Ⅲ-Ⅳ级毒副反应为粒细胞缺乏（19.2%）。1例（3.9%）患者新辅助化疗过程中出现肠穿孔。随访3年预期PFS和OS分别为 83.5%和72.8%。结论:本研究显示mFOLFOX6联合贝伐珠单抗方案作为LACC的围手术期治疗是有效的和安全的,该治疗模式可以作为LACC患者的一种选择。     

贝伐珠单抗联合mFOLFOX6治疗转移性结直肠癌的临床疗效及左右半结肠癌的疗效差异

目的:观察贝伐珠单抗联合mFOLFOX6对比mFOLFOX6治疗晚期转移性结直肠癌的疗效及不良反应,并探索性地分析了左右半结肠癌的疗效差异性。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年8月在江门市中心医院肿瘤科确诊的72例晚期转移性结直肠癌患者,贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组33例,mFOLFOX6组39例,分析两组的治疗效果、中位PFS、不良反应,并分析不同治疗方案对左右半结肠癌疗效的影响。 结果:贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组ORR为45.5%,DCR为84.8%;mFOLFOX6组ORR为38.5%,DCR为79.5%。Kaplan-Meier分析显示mFOLFOX6组与贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组的中位PFS分别为6.2个月和7.7个月（P=0.06）。COX多因素分析结果显示贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组及mFOLFOX6组的PFS差异有统计学意义（P=0.024）,治疗线数对PFS的影响未达统计学差异（P=0.059）。Kaplan-Meier分析显示贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6组中右半结肠癌的PFS为6.9个月,左半结肠癌的PFS为8.1个月（P=0.538）;mFOLFOX6组中右半结肠癌的PFS为6.37个月,左半结肠癌的PFS为6.2个月（P=0.209）。两组的不良反应主要为胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制及神经毒性。与贝伐珠单抗相关的不良反应主要为高血压、蛋白尿及血栓形成,除1例高血压为Ⅲ级外,其余均为Ⅰ-Ⅱ级。结论:贝伐珠单抗+mFOLFOX6治疗晚期转移性结直肠癌患者疗效好,不良反应可耐受,对左半结肠癌的PFS有获益的趋势。     

Role of novel targeted agents in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer

Modern chemotherapy regimens, combining bolus or infused schedules of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) with irinotecan or oxaliplatin, have significantly improved the treatment outcomes of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). The addition of novel targeted agents to chemotherapy has the potential to increase the median survival of patients with metastatic CRC beyond 2 years. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to vascular endothelial growth factor, has an established role in first‐line treatment in combination with either 5‐FU/leucovorin or irinotecan/5‐FU/leucovorin regimens, while cetuximab, a mAb to epidermal growth factor receptor, in combination with irinotecan is more suitable for the treatment of refractory metastatic CRC. The use of bevacizumab in later stages of the disease and cetuximab in chemotherapy‐naive patients as well as concurrent treatment with both agents is still under investigation. The landmark studies leading to the approval of these agents in the treatment of metastatic CRC as well as associated toxicity profiles and detailed treatment recommendations are discussed in this review.     

mFOLFOX-6方案联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗转移性结直肠癌

目的:探讨mFOLFOX-6方案联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗转移性结直肠癌的疗效和不良反应。方法:将61例转移性结直肠癌患者随机分为两组:A组30例采用mFOLFOX-6方案治疗,B组31例,采用mFOLFOX-6方案联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗。治疗两个周期后进行评价,观察其近期有效率、QOL改善、KPS评分、骨髓抑制情况。结果:两组有效率无明显差异,两组最常见的不良反应为外周神经毒性、骨髓抑制、恶心、呕吐,但均以Ⅰ-Ⅱ度为主,B组骨髓抑制发生率明显少于A组。结论:mFOLFOX-6方案联合贞芪扶正胶囊治疗转移性结直肠癌疗效显著,贞芪扶正胶囊可预防化疗后骨髓抑制的发生。     

FOLFOX6 and bevacizumab in non-optimally resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer

Background:

In patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM) R0 resection significantly improves overall survival (OS).

Methods:

In this report, we present the results of a phase II trial of FOLFOX6+bevacizumab in patients with non-optimally resectable CLM. Patients received six cycles of FOLFOX6+ five of bevacizumab. Patients not achieving resectability received six additional cycles of each. A PET-CT was performed at baseline and again within 1 month after initiating treatment.

Results:

From September 2005 to July 2009, 21 patients were enrolled (Male/Female: 15/6; median age: 65 years). An objective response (OR) was documented in 12 cases (57.1% complete responses (CRs): 3, partial response (PR): 9); one patient died from toxicity before surgery. Thirteen patients underwent radical surgery (61.9%). Three (23%) had a pathological CR (pCR). Six patients (46.1%) experienced minor postsurgical complications. After a median 38.8-month follow-up, the median OS was 22.5 months. Patients achieving at least 1 unit reduction in Standard uptake value (SUV)max on PET-CT had longer progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS: 22 vs 14 months, P=0.001).

Conclusions:

FOLFOX6+bevacizumab does not increase postsurgical complications, yields high rates of resectability and pCR. Early changes in PET-CT seem to be predictive of longer PFS.     

Genetic variants in CCL5 and CCR5 genes and serum VEGF-A levels predict efficacy of bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer patients

Early VEGF-A reduction (EVR) by targeting abundant VEGF-A is a potential predictive marker of bevacizumab (BEV). The CCL5/CCR5 axis modulates VEGF-A production via endothelial progenitor cells migration. We tested whether genetic polymorphisms in the CCL5/CCR5 pathway could predict efficacy of BEV in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in a first-line setting. Genomic DNA was extracted from 215 samples from three independent cohorts: 61 patients receiving FOLFOX+BEV (evaluation cohort); 83 patients receiving FOLFOX (control cohort); 71 patients receiving FOLFOX/XELOX+BEV (exploratory cohort) for validation and serum biochemistry assay (n = 48). Single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes in the CCL5/CCR5 pathway were analyzed by PCR-based direct sequencing. Considering the unbalanced distribution of patient baseline characteristics between the evaluation and control cohorts, propensity score matching analysis was performed. Serum VEGF-A levels during treatment were measured using ELISA. Among the evaluation and control cohorts, patients with any CCL5 rs2280789 G allele had longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) when receiving FOLFOX+BEV than FOLFOX (PFS: 19.8 vs. 11.0 months, HR 0.44, 95%CI: 0.24–0.83, p = 0.004; OS: 41.8 vs. 24.5 months, HR: 0.50, 95%CI: 0.26–0.95, p = 0.024). No significant difference was shown in patients with the A/A variant. In the exploratory cohort, CCL5 rs2280789 G alleles were associated with higher VEGF-A levels at baseline and a greater decrease in VEGF-A levels at day 14 compared to the A/A variant. CCL5 and CCR5 impact the angiogenic environment, and the genotypes in CCL5/CCR5 genes may identify specific populations who will benefit from BEV in first-line treatment for mCRC.     

Dose-finding study and pharmacogenomic analysis of fixed-rate infusion of gemcitabine, irinotecan and bevacizumab in pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer patients

Background:

To determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum tolerated dose, recommended dose (RD) and preliminary evidence of activity of escalating doses of irinotecan (CPT-11) fixed-dose-rate infusional gemcitabine (FDR-GMB) and bevacizumab in pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. Pharmacogenomic analysis was performed to investigate the association between VEGF single-nucleotide polymorphisms and clinical outcome.

Patients and methods:

A total of 89 mCRC patients were recruited in a two-step study design; 28 were included in the dose-finding study and 59 in the pharmacogenomic analysis. The FDR-GMB of 1000 mg m^–2, bevacizumab 5 mg kg^–1 and CPT-11 doses ranging from 100 to 160 mg m^–2 were explored. The VEGF protein serum levels were quantified by EIA. Allelic discrimination was performed to genotype polymorphisms in the VEGF gene.

Results:

CPT-11 RD was 150 mg m^–2. Diarrhoea and neutropenia were the DLT. After a median follow-up of 42 months, the median time to progression (TTP) and overall survival were 5.2 and 19.9 months, respectively. VEGF levels were significantly correlated with VEGF-2578AA and VEGF-460CC genotypes, and a trend was observed with VEGF+405GG genotype. The presence of any of these genotypes correlated with a longer median TTP (8.8 vs 4.5 months, P=0.04).

Conclusion:

The triplet combination tested in this study is effective and well tolerated. A possible predictive role for VEGF gene polymorphisms and baseline VEGF circulating levels is suggested.     

Pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenetic angiogenesis-related markers of first-line FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab schedule in metastatic colorectal cancer

Background:

The identification of molecular and genetic markers to predict or monitor the efficacy of bevacizumab (BV) represents a key issue in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods:

Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble VEGF receptor 2 (sVEGFR-2) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) were assessed by ELISA assay at different time points in a cohort of 25 patients enroled in a phase II trial of GONO-FOLFOXIRI plus BV as first-line treatment of mCRC. VEGF: −2578A/C, −1498C/T, −1154A/G, −634C/G and 936C/T; and VEGFR-2: −604A/G, +1192C/T and +1719A/T, polymorphisms were assessed in a total of 54 patients.

Results:

Treatment with GONO-FOLFOXIRI plus BV determined a prolonged and significant reduction in plasma free, biologically active VEGF concentration. Interestingly, VEGF concentrations remained lower than at baseline also at the time of PD. Conversely, PlGF levels increased during the treatment if compared with baseline, suggesting a possible role in tumour resistance; moreover, sVEGFR-2 increased at the time of PD, as well as TSP-1. No association of assessed polymorphisms with outcome was found.

Conclusion:

Our study suggested the possible mechanisms of resistance to combined therapy in those patients with a progressive disease to be tested in ongoing phase III randomised studies.     

Prognostic significance of AMPK activation in advanced stage colorectal cancer treated with chemotherapy plus bevacizumab

Background:

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a central role in cellular energy sensing and is activated in preclinical tumour models following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. The possible predictive or prognostic role of AMPK status in cancer patients treated with anti-VEGF drugs has not been investigated so far.

Methods:

Expression of components of the AMPK pathway including phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK), phosphorylated acetyl-Coa carboxylase (pACC) and liver kinase B1 (LKB1) was investigated by immunohistochemistry in 48 colorectal cancers treated with FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab. Correlation between pAMPK and pACC and associations between the AMPK pathway scores and clinico-pathological characteristics were assessed. Overall survival (OS) was estimated through Kaplan–Meier method, whereas hazard ratios were computed to identify prognostic factors.

Results:

Fourteen patients (29.2%) were included in the pAMPK-negative group (score ⩽5), whereas 34 patients (70.8%) were included in the pAMPK-positive group (score >5). The Spearman''s coefficient for the correlation between pAMPK and pACC scores in primary tumour samples was 0.514 (P=0.0002). Low pAMPK levels were associated with worse OS (P-value 0.0002) but not with PFS, whereas low pACC levels were associated both with worse OS and PFS (P-value 0.0007 and 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that high tissue AMPK activation is a prognostic biomarker in this cohort of metastatic colorectal cancer patients.     

Panitumumab monotherapy in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of the fully human antibody panitumumab was evaluated in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to available therapies. METHODS: This phase 2 open-label, multicenter study of panitumumab enrolled patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had progressed on chemotherapy that included a fluoropyrimidine and irinotecan or oxaliplatin, or both. All patients had tumors with > or =10% 1+ epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) staining by immunohistochemistry. Patients were stratified into 2 strata (high or low staining intensity) and received intravenous panitumumab 2.5 mg/kg weekly 8 of every 9 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS: In all, 148 patients received panitumumab, 105 in the high EGFr stratum, 43 in the low EGFr stratum. Overall response by central review was 9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5%-15%) and was similar between strata. An additional 29% of patients had stable disease. Median progression-free survival was 14 weeks (95% CI, 8-16) and median overall survival was 9 months (95% CI, 6-10). Toxicities were manageable, with skin toxicity reported in 95% of patients (5% grade 3 or 4). Four patients discontinued therapy because of toxicity. No antipanitumumab antibodies were detected. One patient had an infusion reaction but was able to continue therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Panitumumab given weekly was well tolerated and had single-agent activity in previously treated patients with colorectal cancer. Dermatologic toxicity was common but rarely severe. Ongoing studies will determine panitumumab activity earlier in the course of treatment for colorectal cancer and in combination with other antineoplastic agents.     

The evolving role of VEGF-targeted therapies in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer

Therapies that target angiogenesis and the VEGF pathway are a component of treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to VEGFA. Chemotherapy plus bevacizumab has led to improved outcomes for mCRC patients. Despite these benefits, progressive disease invariably ensues. Multiple members of the VEGF family can potentially contribute to tumor angiogenesis and/or evasion of antiangiogenic therapy if one pathway should be inhibited. Aflibercept, a new biological agent, is a multiple angiogenic factor trap that prevents not only VEGFA, but also VEGFB and PlGF from activating their native receptors. Key clinical data for bevacizumab and aflibercept for treatment of mCRC, clinical evidence for use of these agents beyond progression, and the search for angiogenic biomarkers to better define patients most likely to benefit from these interventions will be reviewed.     

Systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: current questions

A proliferation of new cytotoxic and biologic agents has led to improved survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The ability of surgery to increase long-term survival in patients with liver and/or lung metastases also has been firmly established. It has become increasingly difficult as the numbers and types of treatment options have expanded to identify optimal drug combinations, sequences, and duration and the best way to integrate systemic chemotherapy with potentially curative surgery for metastatic lesions. For this review, the authors examined how recent clinical trials have addressed some pertinent questions regarding the use of systemic chemotherapy and biologic agents in patients with mCRC.     

mFOLFOX6方案治疗晚期结肠癌疗效分析

目的:临床观察mFOLFOX6方案治疗21例晚期结肠癌的近期疗效、临床获益率和不良反应.方法:采用mFOLOFX6方案(奥沙利铂85mg/m2静滴2小时第1天;亚叶酸钙400mg静滴2小时第1天;5-FU400mg/m2静冲第1天;5-FU2.4g/m2持续静滴44小时)每两周给药.3周期化疗后观察客观缓解率、临床获益率和不良反应.结果:21例患者总有效率为47.6%.CR1例(4.8%),PR9例(42.9%),SD6例(28.6%),临床获益率为76.2%.主要不良反应是消化道反应,1-2度消化道不良反应13例(61.9%).Ⅲ-Ⅳ度血液学毒性3例(14.3%).结论:mFOLOFX6方案治疗晚期结肠癌是安全、有效的.