Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Influence and countermeasures of the color effect of restorations Ⅱ.Expression and delivery of color message

进行个别前牙或前牙列部分修复时,医师不仅要注意颜色设计的问题,最终还需要将邻近修复体的天然牙颜色精确复制于修复体上.色彩的复制包括色彩的定位、色彩的表达、色彩的再现3个步骤.     

Methods and studies of tongue reconstruction

Total and even partial glossectomy could be a major event in the life of a patient. Tongue function is so complicated which makes maintaining normal functions of the tongue such as swallowing and speech and preserving larynx integrity after the surgery is a primary objective of the surgeon. This task is very difficult and the result is not predictable. Recent years, however, there has been interesting developments in microsurgical techniques, and these advancements enable oral and maxillofacial surgeons to achieve better results and improve the quality of their patient′s life. The results even with use of the new technology are still far from perfect. Several reasons may cause variation in the result. Some of them have to do with the patient such as general health and other reasons are due to the method that is used and nature of the defect after the removal of the tumor. This article was undertaken to summarize the various methods and techniques used over the years to restore oral tongue functions after defects.     

Expression levels of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand and osteoprotegerin and the number of gram-negative bacteria in symptomatic and asymptomatic periapical lesions

ObjectiveThe study aimed to verify the potential correlation between the detected amount of gram-negative bacteria and the radiographic sizes of the lesions in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic apical periodontitis. Furthermore, to evaluate whether the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the RANKL/OPG ratio are differentially regulated in both groups.DesignTwenty patients with periapical lesions were divided into two groups: symptomatic (SYM) n = 10 and asymptomatic (ASYM) n = 10. After periapical surgery, the lesions were collected and processed for histological examination, and immunohistochemistry. The percentage of RANKL- and OPG-immunopositive areas relative to the total area of the microscopic field was calculated. For gram staining, the number of gram-negative cells per microscopic field was assessed. The radiographs of each patient were processed and measured. The Student’s t-test and the Pearson correlation coefficient were performed.ResultsThe SYM group showed a significantly higher number of gram-negative cells (p = 0.007) when compared to the ASYM group. A higher number of gram-negative bacteria occurred more frequently in larger periapical lesions and the SYM group (p = 0.03). The expression for RANKL and OPG and the RANKL/OPG ratio were not significantly different between the groups. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of bacteria and OPG levels in the SYM group (p = 0.01).ConclusionThe number of bacteria seems to influence the symptoms and the radiographic size of a periapical lesion. Gram-negative bacteria may play an important role in OPG activity in the SYM group.     

Dental practitioner’s knowledge,opinions and methods of management of oral premalignancy and malignancy

Objectives

The present study outlines the results of a pilot study to determine the knowledge and awareness of a cohort of dentists in United Arab Emirates (UAE) regarding aetiology, clinical features and appropriate early management of oral premalignant and malignant lesions.

Materials and methods

A self-administered questionnaire was constructed and posted to 300 UAE Dental Practitoners (DPs), selected randomly from the register of Emirates Dental Association. The present report details the responses of this cohort.

Results

182 questionnaires were completed and returned (response rate 60.6%). One hundred and twenty-seven (69.8%) of the responding dentists were male and the median age of the DPs was 40 years (range 24–75 years). The majority (84%) practised or had practised in or around Dubai and Sharjah, 75% had graduated from a dental school after 1980. Eighty-two respondents (45.0%) had attended specific courses on premalignant or malignant oral lesions. During their undergraduate training 70% of DPs had witnessed more than 10 patients with oral SCC. Only 60.4% of respondents indicated that the tobacco and alcohol use were the principle causes of oral SCC while 19.7% suggested that HIV disease was a risk factor for oral SCC. 29% of DPs routinely recorded the tobacco or alcohol use of their patients and only 3.8% offered advice to patients regarding modification of these habits. Eight-three percent of the respondents suggested that clinical screening was an effective means of reducing the frequency of premalignant and malignant oral lesions.

Conclusions

In view of the gradual rise in oral malignancy worldwide there is an increased need for DPs to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of oral malignancy and premalignancy, provide appropriate preventive advice and be aware of the appropriate early management of patients with such oral lesions.     

Clinical relevance of the utilization of vital Lugol’s iodine staining in detection and diagnosis of oral cancer and dysplasia

Clinical Oral Investigations - The aim of this study is to assess the clinical relevance of the utilization of vital Lugol’s iodine staining in detection of oral cancer and dysplastic lesions...     

Anti-inflammatory and Mineralization Effects of ProRoot MTA and Endocem MTA in Studies of Human and Rat Dental Pulps In Vitro and In Vivo

Introduction

Few studies have reported direct pulp capping in inflamed pulp conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo responses of dental pulp during direct pulp capping using various pulp capping materials in inflamed conditions.

Correlation of ultrasound microscopy and Vickers hardness measurements of human dentin and enamel — A pilot study

Objective

To investigate if Vickers microhardness of dentin and enamel correlated with acoustic velocity c(l) or acoustic reflection from the sample’s top (amplitude).

Immunoexpression of TNF-α and TGF-β in central and peripheral giant cell lesions of the jaws

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41 : 194–199 Background: Peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL) is a reactive process associated with a local irritating factor that shows low recurrence after treatment, especially if the irritating factor is eliminated. On the other hand, central giant cell lesion (CGCL) presents a variable clinical behavior ranging from slow and asymptomatic growth without recurrence to rapid, painful and recurrent growth. Our aim was to compare the immunoexpression of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) in CGCL and PGCL. Methods: Twenty CGCL and 20 PGCL were selected for analysis of the immunoexpression of TNF‐α and TGF‐β in multinucleated giant cells (MGC) and mononucleated cells (MC). Results: The PGCL showed lightly higher expression of TNF‐α than CGCL. In comparison with PGCL, the CGCL showed higher expression of TGF‐β in MC and MGC (P < 0.05) and in total cells (P < 0.05). Significant positive correlation was found between expressions of TGF‐β and TNF‐α in CGCL (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that, in CGCL, coordinated interactions between TGF‐β and TNF‐α may be important for osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. PGCL occasionally cause bone resorption but to a lower extent, a fact that might be explained by the lower expression of TGF‐β in these lesions.     

Quantification of the esthetics of dentists’ before and after photographs

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to measure dentists’ before and after restorative treatment photographs to identify four metrics to describe the esthetic improvement: (a) central incisor width-to-height ratio; (b) central-to-lateral incisor width ratio; (c) lateral incisor-to-canine width ratio; and (d) lateral incisor percentage offset.Materials and methodsInternet searches for “before after” and “veneers” and “prosthodontic” were used to obtain 198 before and after photographs of patient treatments showing the restoration of the six maxillary anterior teeth with porcelain veneers, crowns or a combination. The four metrics were measured using Adobe Photoshop. Groups were compared with repeated measures ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey–Kramer test with the variables of “Before or After Treatment”; “Treatment Type” (veneers, crowns or a combination) and “General Dentist or Prosthodontist”.ResultsMean central incisor width-to-height ratio was 91.7% before treatment, 80.8% after; mean central-to-lateral incisor width ratios were 69.9% and 64.7%; mean lateral incisor-to-canine width ratios were 85.3% and 81.4% and lateral incisor percentage offsets were 9.6% and 8.7%. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences for before and after treatment for all variables except central-to-lateral incisor width ratio. Differences between specialist and general dentist were not statistically significant.ConclusionsOn average, esthetic prosthetic treatment resulted in reduced central incisor width-to-height ratio, increased proportional width of the mesially positioned tooth of adjacent anterior teeth and reduced lateral incisor offset. The mean values of treatments by GPs and prosthodontists were not statistically significantly different.Clinical implicationsKnowledge of dentists’ optimal restorative treatments provides insight on the esthetic outcome of extensive prosthodontic therapy.