胰腺导管内乳头状粘液性肿瘤的影像分析

目的探讨胰腺导管内乳头状粘液性肿瘤(intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, IPMN)的CT及MRI表现和诊断价值。方法回顾分析经手术或超声内镜下活检病理证实的48例IPMN,探讨CT及MRI的影像表现和诊断价值。结果 IPMN的特征性表现为胰腺囊性病灶与主胰管相通,可分3型;1)主胰管型4例(2例恶性),表现为主胰管弥漫性或节段性扩张;2)分支胰管型23例(8例恶性),表现为胰腺分支胰管扩张,多位于胰头钩突部,可呈单囊或多囊形,和主胰管相通,恶性者可见分隔、壁结节;3)混合型21例(12例恶性),该型同时具有分支胰管、主胰管扩张的特点。IPMN诊断敏感性MRI及CT分别为90.9%(20/22)、77.3%(17/22),诊断特异性分别为88.5%(23/26)、76.9%(20/26),统计学无差异(P0.05)。MRCP对IPMN与胰管相通的显示率高达93.7%(45/48),明显高于CT(79.2%,38/48),统计学有差异(P0.05)。参考2012年新版IPMN诊治共识指南中的高危特征,良、恶性IPMN出现强化的实性成分分别为3/26 vs 13/22,其中1例良性IPMN壁结节及10例恶性IPMN壁结节大于10mm;主胰管直径大于10mm分别为2/26 vs 8/22,统计学有差异(P0.05)。结论胰腺导管内乳头状粘液样瘤的影像表现有一定特征性,影像学诊断对其良恶性判断、临床治疗方案制定及随访具有重要价值。     

胰腺导管内乳头状粘液性肿瘤的影像特征及其良恶性鉴别

目的分析良、恶性胰腺导管内乳头状粘液性肿瘤(IPMN)的CT和MRI特征,探讨其对于IPMN良恶性的鉴别诊断价值。方法选取经手术病理证实的70例IPMN患者的临床及影像资料。根据病理诊断将70例IPMN分为良性组和恶性组;筛选分析与鉴别IPMN良恶性相关的临床与影像特征,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),评估其对良恶性IPMN的鉴别诊断效能,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果70例中,良性组43例,恶性组27例。统计分析显示DWI弥散受限、CA199升高、主胰管径≥10 mm、病灶直径≥3 cm、肿瘤含实性成分、壁结节≥5 mm、肿瘤分型(主胰管型和分支胰管型)在良恶性IPMN中的分布(P<0.05)为差异有统计学意义。ROC分析显示ADC值、主胰管径、病灶直径鉴别良恶性IPMN的AUC分别为0.866、0.716、0.708(P<0.05),最佳界值为2.61×10^-3 mm²/s、10.5 mm、3.05 cm;弥散受限、CA199升高、实性成分鉴别良恶性IPMN的AUC分别为0.788、0.759、0.650。联合使用上述征象鉴别良恶性IPMN的AUC为0.964(P<0.001),灵敏度为91.7%,特异性为90.9%。结论影像学检查对IPMN的诊断、分型及良恶性鉴别具有重要价值,多征象综合分析可以有效提高诊断效能。     

2型糖尿病患者中胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤影像学分析

目的分析2型糖尿病患者中胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)的影像学良恶性表现,提高影像学诊断水平。方法选取我院经手术病理证实的2型糖尿病患者伴胰腺IPMN患者20例。记录肿瘤分型、部位、大小、囊壁结节、胰管扩张等影像学表现。结果 20例IPMN中,头颈部9例,体尾部11例;混合型8例,多表现为主胰管不同程度扩张并周围分支胰管扩张,分支型6例,表现为单发单囊或多房囊性病灶;肿瘤平均直径约25.2 mm,主胰管型6例,表现为全程主胰管不同程度扩张,平均直径约15.9 mm;良性17例,恶性3例(2例为主胰管型均伴壁结节,1例混合型)。结论糖尿病患者的胰腺IPMN具有较为特征的影像学良性及恶性表现,临床上应严格把握手术和随访指征,结合患者的其他临床资料评估决定。     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤影像特征及误诊病例分析

目的 分析胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤(IPMN)影像学表现和误诊原因,减少误诊率.方法 回顾性分析术前影像诊断或怀疑为IPMN和术前影像误诊为胰腺其他疾病但是术后被确诊为IPMN患者的资料,共计130例.由2名高年资影像诊断医生统计资料,总结IPMN影像学表现,分析误诊原因,找出对策.结果 130例患者经病理确诊为IPMN有105例(80.7%),确诊为胰腺其他病变25例(19.2%);IPMN与慢性胰腺炎(CP)和浆液性囊腺瘤(SCN)间相互误诊病例最多.将IPMN按照病理级别分为轻至中度组和重度、浸润癌组,2组在囊肿直径、有无壁结节、有无分隔、主胰管直径、是否伴有肝内外胆管扩张组间有统计学差异(P<0.05).误诊的主要原因为影像科医生诊断时未完整结合患者的临床资料;对少见类型影像学表现认识不足;对于病变与胰管关系判断错误.结论 在诊断IPMN时需要结合病变临床特征,明确肿块与胰管之间的关系,全面掌握影像学表现;对于反复发作胰腺炎患者需考虑IPMN存在的可能;长期IPMN可以存在CP.     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤良恶性的CT鉴别诊断

目的 探讨CT检查对良、恶性胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)的鉴别诊断价值.方法 收集20例经手术病理证实的IPMN患者,其中良性者8例,恶性者12例,恶性中包括胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性交界性肿瘤5例和胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性腺癌(IPMC)7例.回顾性分析其CT表现,分析肿瘤发生部位、肿瘤大小、主胰管宽度、病灶内实性成分及病变内囊的数目等与良恶性的关系.结果 (1)肿瘤发生部位分型与肿瘤性质之间的关系:主胰管型与混合型恶性者有9例,而分支胰管型仅3例为恶性,病变影像表现为主胰管型及混合型者恶性可能性较大(P<0.05).(2)病变的大小:恶性组病变最大 直径较良性组大(P<0.01),且当病变范围＞30 mm时,恶性可能性较大(P<0.05).(3)主胰管(MPD)的宽度:恶性组病变MPD最大宽度明显大于良性组(P<0.05),且当MPD宽度＞9 mm时,病变恶性的可能性较大(P<0.05).(4)囊内有无合并结节或肿块:恶性组病变合并壁结节或肿块者有8例,良性组病变仅1例见壁结节,两者之间差异显著(P<0.05).(5)病变内囊的数目:囊的数目＞3个或者囊内合并不规则隔膜者恶性可能性更大(P<0.05).结论 恶性与良性IPMN的CT表现具有差异性,正确的分析能做出鉴别诊断.     

MRCP和US对肝外胆管病变诊断价值的对照研究

目的 :比较磁共振胆胰管水成像 (MRCP)和超声 (US)对胆总管病变的诊断价值 ;方法 :分析MRCP和US对 2 4例胆总管病变 (12例胆总管结石 ;12例胆总管肿瘤或肿瘤性病变 )诊断的敏感性和特异性。结果 :MRCP和US对 12例胆总管结石的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为 10 0 % (12 /12 )和 92 7% (11/12 ) ;对胆总管肿瘤或肿瘤性病变 ,MRCP诊断的敏感性和特异性为 10 0 % (12 /12 ) ;US的敏感性和特异性分别为 75 % (9/12 )和 75 % (9/12 )。结论 :MRCP和US诊断胆总管结石的敏感性和特异性差异无显著性意义 ;对胆总管下段肿瘤或肿瘤性病变MRCP优于US。     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)的螺旋CT诊断价值。材料和方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的14例胰腺IPMN的螺旋CT表现。结果:主胰管型IPMN3例,表现为主胰管扩张伴管壁结节样突起;分支胰管型IPMN5例,表现为分叶状单发囊性病变或葡萄串样多发囊性病变伴腔内分隔或结节样突起;混合型IPMN6例,表现为主胰管扩张和囊性病变合并存在。CT诊断IPMN恶变6例,病理诊断导管内乳头状黏液腺癌7例。结论:螺旋CT能够显示胰腺IPMN的病理特征,并可做出分型。     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的MRI表现

目的 探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)的MRI特征.资料与方法 6例经病理或逆行性胆胰管造影(EBCP)证实的胰腺IPMN患者.MR扫描包括T_1WI、T_2WI、MRCP和动态增强.分析胰腺IPMN的MRI征象,并与临床及病理对照.结果 主胰管型、分支胰管型及混合型各2例,病灶主要位于胰头颈部,最大径(27.4±14.5)mm,呈分叶状,边缘清晰,T_1WI上呈低信号,T_2WI上呈高信号,增强后无强化或线状强化.2例病灶远端胰腺萎缩.2例分支胰管型主胰管最大径2.9 mm和2.2 mm,其余4例最大径(5.9 ±1.6)mm.结论 MRI对发现和正确诊断胰腺IPMN有较高价值.     

多层螺旋CT对胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)的多层螺旋CT诊断价值。方法分析12例经手术病理证实的IPMN的临床资料及CT图像表现,包括胰管扩张的程度、范围,病灶的大小、形态、密度、边缘和强化方式等。采用曲面重建技术显示扩张的主胰管和分支胰管。结果12例IPMN中,男性8例,女性4例,年龄48~85岁。肿瘤位于钩突部7例,胰腺体部3例,胰腺头部和尾部各1例。分支胰管宽度>5 mm者10例,主胰管宽度>5 mm者4例,其中2例表现为胰腺弥漫性肿胀和胰腺实质内肿块。分支胰管型8例,主胰管型3例,混合型1例。病理结果显示腺瘤4例,交界性肿瘤5例,腺癌3例。结论多层螺旋CT对IPMN的诊断、分型具有重要的临床应用价值。     

评估胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤的恶性潜能:多层螺旋CT与MR胆胰管成像的比较

正摘要目的比较多层螺旋CT和MR胆胰管成像(MRCP)在诊断胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤(IPMN)恶性潜能中的诊断效能并评价其一致性。材料与方法这项回顾性研究获得了伦理委员会的批准,并免除了知情同意的要求。在129例病理已经确诊的胰腺IPMN中,3位评价者独立评价术前     

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of pancreas: multi-detector row CT with 2D curved reformations--correlation with MRCP

PURPOSE: To retrospectively compare accuracy of multi-detector row computed tomography (CT), combined with two-dimensional (2D) curved reformations, and that of magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for characterization of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) as malignant, with pathologic examination as reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained, informed consent was waived, and study was HIPAA compliant. Twenty-five patients (12 women, 13 men; age range, 44-88 years) with pathologically proved IPMN were examined with dual-phase CT with 1.25-mm-thick sections for pancreatic phase; 2D curved reformations along main pancreatic duct (MPD) were generated. T2-weighted MRCP included thick- and thin-slab single-shot fast spin-echo imaging and transverse fast spin-echo imaging. Two radiologists, blinded to surgical and pathologic findings, evaluated images for lesion location, septa, mural nodules, communication with MPD, extent and diameter of MPD dilatation, calcifications, and vascular encasement. Malignancy was suspected when one of the following was present: MPD diameter larger than 10 mm, mural nodules, vascular encasement, peripancreatic lymphadenopathy, or metastases. Sensitivity and specificity values for prediction of malignancy were calculated for CT and MRCP. Interobserver variability was determined (kappa analysis). RESULTS: Excellent correlation between modalities was observed. Cyst communication was seen in 20 and 21 of 24 branch pancreatic duct (BPD) IPMNs with CT and MRCP, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detection of malignancy were 70%, 87%, and 76% (CT) and 70%, 92%, and 80% (MRCP), respectively. Interobserver agreement was good to perfect for both readers in all comparisons (overall, kappa = 0.70-1.00). CONCLUSION: CT combined with 2D curved reformation can provide imaging details of IPMN, including communication of BPD IPMN with MPD, that are almost equivalent to those provided at MRCP. Presence of mural nodules, dilated MPD (>10-mm diameter), or thick septa at CT or MRCP may be used as independent predictors of malignancy.     

Differentiation of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms from other pancreatic cystic masses: comparison of multirow-detector CT and MR imaging using ROC analysis

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic performance of multirow-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the differentiation of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) from other pancreatic cystic masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 53 patients with pathologically proven pancreatic cystic lesions who had undergone MDCT and MRI were included in this study. Two radiologists analyzed the morphologic features of the lesions and graded the lesion conspicuity on each examination. The readers assigned their confidence level regarding the differentiation of IPMN from other lesions and predicting ductal communication of the lesion. The radiologists' diagnostic confidence was compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: The Az values for each observer for predicting ductal communication of the lesion and differentiating IPMN from other lesions were as follows: For MRI they were respectively 0.949 and 0.995 for reader 1, and 0.916 and 0.932 for reader 2. For MDCT they were respectively 0.790 and 0.875 for reader 1, and 0.774 and 0.850 for reader 2. In addition, for differentiating IPMNs from other lesions, MRI was significantly more accurate than MDCT (P < 0.05) for one observer, but for the other observer there was no significant difference between the two examinations (P = 0.059). For predicting ductal communication of the cystic lesions for both observers, MRI was significantly more accurate than MDCT (P < 0.05). The weighted kappa values indicate good agreement (kappa = 0.61) between observers for MDCT, and excellent agreement (kappa = 0.82) for MRI. CONCLUSION: Pancreatic MRI shows better diagnostic performance than MDCT for differentiating IPMNs from other cystic lesions of the pancreas.     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤CT与MRI表现及鉴别诊断

目的探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT及MRI表现特点及鉴别诊断。资料与方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的26例胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的CT及MRI表现。结果主胰管型4例,主要表现为主胰管扩张,其中1例伴胰管内多发结节影且均匀强化;分支胰管型20例,呈单房或多房样囊性病灶,部分有分隔;混合型2例,表现为胰头及钩突囊性肿块影呈多房样改变,轻度强化,并可见主胰管扩张。结论 CT及MRI在胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断中具有重要意义。     

Differential diagnosis of benign or malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas by multidetector row helical computed tomography: evaluation of predictive factors by logistic regression analysis

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate predictive factors for discriminating benign from malignant intraductal mucin-producing neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas on multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients with IPMN underwent MDCT, and the imaging and pathological findings were evaluated. In patients with branch duct-type tumors, sex and age of the patient, location, shape, size and multiplicity of the cystic lesion, presence of mural nodule, and maximum diameter of main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilatation were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Tumors were classified as main duct-type (n = 7) and branch duct-type (n = 46). Among main duct-type tumors, all 7 lesions were diagnosed as malignant. Among 46 lesions of branch-type IPMN, 8 lesions were malignant, and 38 lesions were benign. On adjusted logistic regression analysis, combination factor of main duct dilatation and mural nodule or large cystic size had statistical significance for the risk of malignancy in branch duct-type IPMN. CONCLUSIONS: Main duct-type IPMN is highly suggestive for malignancy. Combination factors of main ductal dilation and mural nodule, and main ductal dilation, and large cystic tumor size are thought to be predictive factors for malignant branch-type IPMN.     

磁共振成像技术对胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤的MRI影像学特点,以提高该病的诊断准确率。方法搜集12例经手术证实的胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤患者的临床及影像学资料,回顾性分析主胰管型和分支胰管型的MRI表现。结果研究证实,12例中有主胰管型3例和分支胰管型9例。主胰管型MRI表现为主胰管节段性或弥漫性扩张,可伴有胰腺实质的萎缩;分支胰管型MRI表现为单房或多房型囊性病变,并与主胰管相通。结论 MRI对胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤是一种无创、有效的诊断方法,有助于提高该病的诊断准确率。     

Multifocal branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas: magnetic resonance (MR) imaging pattern and evolution over time

Purpose

The aim of our study was to follow the evolution over time of multifocal intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreatic duct side branches by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and methods

A total of 155 patients with multifocal IPMN of the side branches were examined with MRI and MR cholangiopancreatography (MRI/MRCP). Inclusion criteria were patients with ≥2 dilated side branches involving any site of the parenchyma; presence of communication with the main pancreatic duct and previous investigations by MRI/MRCP within at least six months. Median follow-up was 25.8 months (range, 12–217). Patients with a follow-up period shorter than 12 months (n=33) and those with a diagnosis of multifocal IPMN of the side branches without any follow-up (n=14) were excluded from the study. The final study population thus comprised 108 patients. A double, quantitative and qualitative, analysis was carried out. The quantitative image analysis included: number of dilated side branches in the head-uncinate process and body-tail; maximum diameter of lesions in the head-uncinate process; maximum diameter in the body-tail; maximum diameter of the main pancreatic duct in the head and body-tail. The qualitative image analysis included: presence of malformations or anatomical variants of the pancreatic ductal system; site of the lesions (head-uncinate process, body-tail, ubiquitous, bridge morphology); presence of gravity-dependent intraluminal filling defects; presence of enhancing mural nodules.

Results

At diagnosis, the mean number of cystic lesions of the side branches was 7.09. The mean diameter of the cystic lesions was 13.7 mm. The mean diameter of the main pancreatic duct was 3.6 mm. At follow-up, the mean number of cystic lesions was 7.76. The mean diameter of the cystic lesions was 13.9 mm. The mean diameter of the main pancreatic duct was 3.7 mm. Intraluminal filling defects in the side branches were seen in 18/108 patients (16.6%); enhancing mural nodules were seen in 3/108 patients (2.7%).

Conclusions

Multifocal IPMN of the branch ducts shows a very slow growth and evolution over time. In our study, only 3/108 patients showed mural nodules which, however, did not require any surgical procedure, indicating that careful nonoperative management may be safe and effective in asymptomatic patients.     

MDCT of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas: evaluation of features predictive of invasive carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to evaluate factors predictive of the presence of invasive carcinoma associated with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas on MDCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative MDCT of 36 consecutive patients (23 men, 13 women; mean age, 66.6 years) who had undergone surgical resection and had a pathologic diagnosis of IPMN were retrospectively assessed. CT was performed with a 4-MDCT scanner with 120 mL of IV contrast material at an injection rate of 3 mL/sec. Arterial and venous phase images were acquired at 25 and 50-60 sec from the start of IV contrast administration. Type of ductal involvement, location, tumor size in branch duct type and combined type lesions, caliber of the main pancreatic duct, caliber of the common bile duct or common hepatic duct, and solid appearance of the lesion were assessed on CT and correlated with pathologic findings for invasive carcinoma. RESULTS: Pathologic analysis revealed carcinoma in situ in seven patients (19%) and invasive carcinoma in 15 patients (42%) arising from the IPMN. With invasive carcinoma, the size of the tumor in branch duct type and combined type, and the caliber of the main pancreatic duct were significantly larger compared with the lesions without invasive carcinoma (4.7 +/- 1.7 cm vs 2.6 +/- 1.4 cm [p = 0.0007] and 9.3 +/- 5.5 mm vs 4.6 +/- 4.1 mm [p = 0.006], respectively). A solid mass (p < 0.001), dilatation of the common bile duct or common hepatic duct (> or = 15 mm), and the presence of a stent (p = 0.0004) were correlated with the presence of associated invasive carcinoma. CONCLUSION: MDCT helped to predict invasive carcinoma associated with IPMN.