肾移植术后肝功能损害的诊治

目的探讨肾移植术后肝功能损害的病因诊断及治疗。方法分析82例肾移植患者术后肝功能损害病因，提出合理而有效的治疗方案。结果82例肝功能损害患者中，药物毒性肝损害70例(85.5％)，全部治愈；乙肝病毒性肝损害12例(14.5％)，8例治愈，4例发生急性肝功能衰竭死亡。结论对肾移植术后肝功能损害，应仔细鉴别，区别的处理，应特别注意免疫抑制剂的调整和环孢素A浓度的监测。     

去白细胞输血对肾移植受者白介素水平变化的影响

目的研究去白细胞输血对肾移植受者术前IL-2、IL-12、IL-6、IL-10水平变化的影响.方法随机将术前接受输血的肾移植受者分为去白细胞组和对照组,用一次性过滤器在输血前制备去白细胞血,两组观测病例分别为22例、18例.采用固相夹心ELISA法检测肾移植受者术前24 h内IL-2、IL-12、IL-6、IL-10的水平.结果肾移植受者去白细胞组IL-2、IL-12水平较对照组有所上升,但均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).去白细胞组IL-6、IL-10较对照组有所下降,但均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).且IL-2/IL-6、IL-12/IL-10的比值在二组间没有统计学差异.结论与未去白细胞输血比较,去白细胞输血对肾移植受者IL-2、IL-12、IL-6、IL-10的水平变化无影响,白细胞去除对输血所致的Th1/Th2失衡可能没有影响.提示白细胞去除不会下调输血对肾移植的有利效应.     

The Metabolic Syndrome

The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of symptoms associated with insulin resistance and known to precede the onset of type 2 diabetes. Overweight and obesity contribute significantly to the development of the metabolic syndrome. In fact, weight loss has a huge impact in decreasing the symptoms associated with the metabolic syndrome. Several studies have demonstrated that just by losing 7% to 10% of initial body weight is sufficient to have improvement in waist circumference, dyslipidemias (elevated triglycerides and low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol), trunk fat, and plasma glucose. This paper underlines the importance of weight loss and type of diet in reversing the symptoms of the metabolic syndrome     

代谢综合征与脂肪细胞因子

近年来的研究表明,脂肪组织不仅是机体储存能量的场所,还是功能活跃的内分泌器官分泌多种生物活性分子,而肥胖导致脂肪因子分泌异常,通过自分泌和旁分泌和内分泌的方式产生许多细胞因子和激素,参与胰岛素抵抗和慢性炎症的病理生理过程。该文作者就代谢综合征（MS）与脂肪细胞因子之间的关系和国内外的研究热点做了一篇综述。     

Metabolic Syndrome and Sarcopenia

Skeletal muscle is a major organ of insulin-induced glucose metabolism. In addition, loss of muscle mass is closely linked to insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (Met-S). Skeletal muscle loss and accumulation of intramuscular fat are associated with a variety of pathologies through a combination of factors, including oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, IR, and inactivity. Sarcopenia, defined by a loss of muscle mass and a decline in muscle quality and muscle function, is common in the elderly and is also often seen in patients with acute or chronic muscle-wasting diseases. The relationship between Met-S and sarcopenia has been attracting a great deal of attention these days. Persistent inflammation, fat deposition, and IR are thought to play a complex role in the association between Met-S and sarcopenia. Met-S and sarcopenia adversely affect QOL and contribute to increased frailty, weakness, dependence, and morbidity and mortality. Patients with Met-S and sarcopenia at the same time have a higher risk of several adverse health events than those with either Met-S or sarcopenia. Met-S can also be associated with sarcopenic obesity. In this review, the relationship between Met-S and sarcopenia will be outlined from the viewpoints of molecular mechanism and clinical impact.     

肾代谢系统的仿真研究

对复杂的肾代谢系统进行简化,并建立其数学模型。在此模型上借助MATLAB软件,对不同的肾功能的代谢过程进行仿真,模拟肾的代谢过程,探讨其规律,据此对复杂肾代谢系统给出合理的解释。     

代谢综合征与急性冠脉综合征

早在上世纪60～70年代，医学界已经发现肥胖常与高血脂、高血糖、高血压等多种临床现象并存，这些现象通常具有一个共同的病理基础，主要是糖代谢和脂肪代谢发生了障碍，因此早期把这些临床现象称为“代谢障碍综合征”，以后逐渐发现具备这些临床特征的人群，很容易发展引起勤脉粥样硬化，发展到罹患心绞痛、心肌梗死和脑卒中等严重疾病，1998年WHO专家组将上述的临床症群正式命名为“代谢综合征（Metabolics，Syndrome，MS）”。     

代谢综合征的研究新进展

代谢综合征是以腹型肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、高血压、脂代谢异常、糖耐量下降或Ⅱ型糖尿病为主要特征的症候群,发病率呈上升趋势,发病机制主要以胰岛素抵抗为核心。近年来人们在代谢综合征的发病原因及机制方面做了更深入的研究,取得了很大的进展,代谢综合征治疗包括了通过改变生活方式、改善胰岛素抵抗及中药药物治疗．现对代谢综合征的发病机制及防治作一综述。     

代谢综合症危险因素分析

目的 探讨代谢综合症(MS)的危险因素. 方法 在江西省,采用多级分层抽样方法调查MS的患病率,同时进行相关危险因素Logistic回归分析. 结果 进入多因素非条件Logistic回归模型的因素有家庭经济、饮酒、年龄、父亲代谢综合症,肉类摄入(P<0.05).其中家庭经济OR值为1.19,饮酒OR值为1.26,年龄OR值为1.65,父亲代谢综合症OR值为1.50,肉类摄入OR值为0.89. 结论 家庭经济、饮酒、年龄和父亲代谢综合症均为MS的危险因素;肉类摄人为MS的保护因素.     

Faecal Microbiota Transplantation and Chronic Kidney Disease

Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has attracted increasing attention as an intervention in many clinical conditions, including autoimmune, enteroendocrine, gastroenterological, and neurological diseases. For years, FMT has been an effective second-line treatment for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) with beneficial outcomes. FMT is also promising in improving bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis (UC). Pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that this microbiota-based intervention may influence the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) via modifying a dysregulated gut–kidney axis. Despite the high morbidity and mortality due to CKD, there are limited options for treatment until end-stage kidney disease occurs, which results in death, dialysis, or kidney transplantation. This imposes a significant financial and health burden on the individual, their families and careers, and the health system. Recent studies have suggested that strategies to reverse gut dysbiosis using FMT are a promising therapy in CKD. This review summarises the preclinical and clinical evidence and postulates the potential therapeutic effect of FMT in the management of CKD.