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1.
Meckel's diverticulum with small bowel obstruction presenting as appendicitis in a pediatric patient
Mohiuddin SS Gonzalez A Corpron C 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》2011,15(4):558-561
Background:
Meckel''s diverticulum is a congenital anomaly resulting from incomplete obliteration of the omphalomesenteric duct. The incidence ranges from 0.3% to 2.5% with most patients being asymptomatic. In some cases, complications involving a Meckel''s diverticulum may mimic other disease processes and obscure the clinical picture.Methods:
This case presents an 8-year-old male with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting and an examination resembling appendicitis.Results:
A CT scan revealed findings consistent with appendicitis with dilated loops of small bowel. During laparoscopic appendectomy, the appendix appeared unimpressive, and an inflamed Meckel''s diverticulum was found with an adhesive band creating an internal hernia with small bowel obstruction. The diverticulum was resected after the appendix was removed.Conclusion:
The incidence of an internal hernia with a Meckel''s diverticulum is rare. A diseased Meckel''s diverticulum can be overlooked in many cases, especially in those resembling appendicitis. It is recommended that the small bowel be assessed in all appendectomy cases for a pathological Meckel''s diverticulum. 相似文献2.
Sangram Keshari Panda C. Prasad Roshni Tirkey V. Rajesh Jagadananda Mishra Rajesh Kumar Dora 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(11):879-881
INTRODUCTION
Appendix duplication is an extremely rare congenital anomaly that is seen in 0.004–0.009% of appendectomy specimens. Duplicated appendix may be associated with number of congenital anomalies.PRESENTATION OF CASE
In this case report, we are presenting a rare case of duplicated vermiform appendix with a co-existing Meckel''s diverticulum.DISCUSSION
Anomalies of appendix are rare and duplication of vermiform appendix is extremely rare. In 1936, Cave classified appendiceal duplication for the first time which was modified by Wallbridge in 1963 into three types. Concomitant malformations or duplications of the large intestine or the genitourinary system may be present, especially in types B1 and C probably due to their similar embryological origin. Here we are presenting a very rare case report of type B1 appendix anomaly associated with Meckel''s diverticulum.CONCLUSION
Surgeons should be aware of these conditions because of the possible clinical implications. 相似文献3.
N Mashoori AH Rabani AR Kazemeini 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2012,94(8):e251-e253
INTRODUCTION
Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are tumours that commonly involve the gastrointestinal system. Common primary sites in the gastrointestinal system include the small intestine, appendix, rectum and pancreas. Mesenteric NETs are extremely rare entities and are sparsely reported in the literature.CASE HISTORY
We report the case of a 62-year-old woman with ectopic Cushing’s syndrome due to excessive adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by a primary mesenteric tumour in the small intestine and its liver metastases.CONCLUSIONS
Although rare, the mesentery can be a primary site for NETs. It can cause similar symptoms and require similar treatment options. Tumour resection and debulking are acceptable ways to improve both the survival and symptoms. 相似文献4.
INTRODUCTION
Meckel''s diverticulum is a rare congenital abnormality arising due to the persistence of the vitelline duct in 1–3% of the population. Clinical presentation is varied and includes rectal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, diverticulitis and ulceration; therefore diagnosis can be difficult.PRESENTATION OF CASE
We report a case of acute appendicitis complicated by persistent post operative small bowel obstruction. Further surgical examination of the bowel revealed an non-inflamed, inverted Meckel''s diverticulum causing intussusception.DISCUSSION
Intestinal obstruction in patients with Meckel''s diverticulum may be caused by volvulus, intussusception or incarceration of the diverticulum into a hernia. Obstruction secondary to intussusception is relatively uncommon and frequently leads to a confusing and complicated clinical picture.CONCLUSION
Consideration of Meckel''s diverticulum although a rare diagnosis is imperative and this case raises the question “should surgeons routinely examine the bowel for Meckel''s diverticulum at laparoscopy?” 相似文献5.
A. Hussain A.A.P. Slesser S. Monib J. Maalo M. Soskin J. Arbuckle 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(10):656-658
INTRODUCTION
De Garengeot hernia is a rare occurrence whereby an appendix is found in a femoral hernia sac. It is rarer still to find an acutely inflamed appendix manifesting itself as a strangulated femoral hernia. This case is important to report as it highlights the diagnostic difficulty this particular condition presents to an emergency surgeon.PRESENTATION OF CASE
We report the case of an 86 year old female who was found to have a De Garengeot hernia containing a necrotic appendix. A retrograde appendicectomy was performed to prevent peritoneal contamination. The hernia defect was repaired using a standard repair with non-absorbable suture.DISCUSSION
De Garengeot''s hernia is a rare occurrence, is often unexpected and tends to be diagnosed intra-operatively. Pre-operative diagnosis remains difficult and it will often masquerade as a strangulated femoral hernia. In stable patients, where there is a diagnostic uncertainty CT scanning is a useful adjunct and may allow a laparoscopic approach to be undertaken in the absence of appendicitis.CONCLUSION
A De Garengeot''s hernia should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with clinical signs of a strangulated femoral hernia. It is often an incidental finding during an emergency operation. Although mesh repairs in the presence of appendicitis have been reported, the safest approach remains a primary suture repair. 相似文献6.
Michael J. Ramdass Quillan Young Sing David Milne Justin Mooteeram Shaheeba Barrow 《Canadian journal of surgery》2015,58(1):10-14
Background
We sought to determine the association between the presence of a fecalith and acute/nonperforated appendicitis, gangrenous/perforated appendicitis and the healthy appendix.Methods
We retrospectively analyzed appendectomies performed between October 2003 and February 2012. We collected data on age, sex, appendix histology and the presence of a fecalith.Results
During the study period, 1357 appendectomies were performed. Fecaliths were present in 186 patients (13.7%). There were 94 male (50.5%) and 92 female patients, and the mean age was 32 (range of 10–76) years. The fecalith rate was 13%–16% and was nonexistant after age 80 years. The main groups with fecaliths were those with acute/nonperforated appendicitis (n = 121, 65.1%, p = 0.041) and those with a healthy appendix (n = 65, 34.9%, p = 0.003). The presence of fecaliths in the gangrenous/perforated appendicitis group was not significant (n = 19, 10.2%, p = 0.93). There were no fecaliths in patients with serositis, carcinoid or carcinoma.Conclusion
Our data confirm the theory of a statistical association between the presence of a fecalith and acute (nonperforated) appendicitis in adults. There was also a significant association between the healthy appendix and asymptomatic fecaliths. There was no correlation between a gangrenous/perforated appendix and the presence of a fecalith. The fecalith is an incidental finding and not always the primary cause of acute (nonperforated) appendictis or gangrenous (perforated) appendicitis. Further research on the topic is recommended. 相似文献7.
Mehmet Odabasi Cem Arslan Hasan Abuoglu Emre Gunay Mehmet Kamil Yildiz Cengiz Eris Erkan Ozkan Ali Aktekin M.A. Tolga Muftuoglu 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(2):76-78
INTRODUCTION
Atypical presentations of appendix have been reported including backache, left lower quadrant pain and groin pain from a strangulated femoral hernia containing the appendix. We report a case presenting an epigastric pain that was diagnosed after computed tomography as a perforated appendicitis on intestinal malrotation.PRESENTATION OF CASE
A 27-year-old man was admitted with a three-day history of epigastric pain. Physical examination revealed tenderness and defense on palpation of epigastric region. There was a left subcostal incision with the history of diaphragmatic hernia repair when the patient was 3 days old. He had an intestinal malrotation with the cecum fixed at the epigastric region and the inflamed appendix extending beside the left lobe of liver.DISCUSSION
While appendicitis is the most common abdominal disease requiring surgical intervention seen in the emergency room setting, intestinal malrotation is relatively uncommon. When patients with asymptomatic undiagnosed gastrointestinal malrotation clinically present with abdominal pain, accurate diagnosis and definitive therapy may be delayed, possibly increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality.CONCLUSION
Atypical presentations of acute appendicitis should be kept in mind in patients with abdominal pain in emergency room especially in patients with previous childhood operation for diaphragmatic hernia. 相似文献8.
Andrew Hotchen Kian Chin Mahzar Raja 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(8):544-546
INTRODUCTION
Acute appendicitis is a common condition seen in all surgical units. One rare condition that can mimic acute appendicitis is a nematode infection of the bowel. There have been few reported cases of nematode infection within the appendix and none that have been accompanied by intra-operative pictures.PRESENTATION OF CASE
A 16-year-old female presented with a 12 h history of right iliac fossa pain and mild pyrexia. Bloods showed a neutrophilia and normal C-reactive protein. Laparoscopy was performed which revealed a non-inflamed appendix. The appendix was dissected and a live nematode was visualised exiting the base of the appendix. Anti-helminthics were given and the infection resolved.DISCUSSION
Nematode infection is most commonly seen in Africa, Asia and South America. When seen within the United Kingdom (UK), it is seen most commonly within high-risk populations. Testing for these infections is not routine within the UK and when they are performed, the results take a considerable amount of time to return. These tests should be considered within high-risk populations so that unnecessary surgery can be avoided.CONCLUSION
This case highlights the importance of considering rare causes of right iliac fossa pain including nematode infection in a young patient. The case highlights this by giving intra-operative pictures of live nematodes upon dissection of the appendix. 相似文献9.
Daisuke Ito Shojirou Hata Shimizu Seiichiro Kaoru Kobayashi Masanori Teruya Michio Kaminishi 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(12):1054-1057
INTRODUCTION
Outside of these high-risk regions, acute amebic appendicitis is considerably rarer and the mortality rate is much higher than with non-amebic appendicitis.PRESENTATION OF CASE
A 31-year-old woman presented with fever and right lower abdominal pain with no history of traveling abroad or sexual infection. Computed tomography revealed a dilated appendix and thickened cecal and ascending colon walls. She underwent an appendectomy for appendicitis. Owing to a lack of symptom resolution, we performed a pathologic examination of the appendix again that revealed multiple Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites; the serum amebic antibody was positive. She was treated postoperatively with metronidazole for amebiasis and discharged on postoperative day 12.DISCUSSION
The mortality rate and frequency of severe postoperative intraabdominal complications were higher in the Japanese literature (1995–2013) (25% and 33%, respectively) than in other developed countries (3.3% and 19.4%, respectively). Japan is a low-risk area for amebiasis; many physicians fail to consider amebiasis in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen. It is important to conduct further examinations, including those for amebiasis, when appendectomy does not resolve acute appendicitis.CONCLUSION
We report a case of acute amebic appendicitis in a 31-year-old woman and review the ages at presentation, causative factors, treatments, and outcomes of 11 cases reported in Japan between 1995 and 2013. 相似文献10.
A. Williams R. Cox B. Palaniappan A. Woodward 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(6):335-338
INTRODUCTION
Chilaiditi''s syndrome (symptomatic hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon) is an exceptionally rare cause of bowel obstruction and may present difficulty in diagnosis and management. This is the first reported case of colonic volvulus occurring in Chilaiditi''s syndrome in association with intestinal malrotation and this case study describes its successful management.PRESENTATION OF CASE
An 18 year old male presented as an emergency with vague abdominal pain and a past history of gastroschisis repair with intestinal malrotation. CT scanning showed a closed loop obstruction due to a volvulus of the colon herniating under the falciform ligament. The patient was successfully treated by surgical reduction of the hernia, anatomical correction of the malrotation and caecopexy with a tube caecostomy. At six month follow up the patient was well and asymptomatic.DISCUSSION
In nine of the previously reported cases of Chilaiditi''s syndrome with colonic volvulus, treatment was by partial colonic resection of which a third underwent stoma formation. One patient died as a consequence of anastomotic leak following primary anastomosis. We therefore suggest an alternative approach to management.CONCLUSION
Chilaiditi''s syndrome with colonic volvulus in association with intestinal malrotation has not previously been described. As there is no consensus in the literature as to how to manage such a case we suggest that reduction of the volvulus, anatomical correction of the malrotation and fixation of the caecum by tube caecostomy results in a successful outcome. This approach avoids the need for colonic resection and possible stoma formation. 相似文献11.
Tomoya Tsukada Masahide Kaji Yuki Higashi Shiro Terai Koji Amaya Koichi Shimizu 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(8):558-561
INTRODUCTION
Intestinal malrotation is a rare congenital anomaly, and acute appendicitis associated with intestinal malrotation is extremely rare.PRESENTATION OF CASE We report a rare case of a 47-year-old Japanese woman diagnosed with barium-related perforated appendicitis associated with intestinal malrotation. We used a transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic approach to resect the appendix, and the procedure was completed successfully without perioperative complications.DISCUSSION
To our knowledge, single-incision laparoscopic surgery for appendicitis associated with intestinal malrotation has not been reported yet. In cases with mobile cecum such as this one, mobilization from inflammatory adhesion of the surrounding structures is easy.CONCLUSION
We conclude that transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy is a simple and less invasive method for treating appendicitis associated with intestinal malrotation. 相似文献12.
James M. Watters James M. Blakslee Roderick J. March Mary L. Redmond 《Canadian journal of surgery》1996,39(2):142-146
Objective
To evaluate the influence of age on the evolution and severity of peritonitis.Design
A chart review.Setting
An adult university hospital.Patients
One hundred and twenty-two patients with acute appendicitis and 100 patients with acute colonic diverticulitis requiring operation or percutaneous drainage.Main Outcome Measures
Patient age and sex, presence of perforation or gangrene (appendicitis), extent of peritonitis (diverticulitis); duration of symptoms prior to admission; admission leukocyte count; duration of hospitalization before surgery; length of hospital stay; and death rate.Results
Patients with acute appendicitis who were aged 65 years or older were three times more likely than younger patients to have a gangrenous or perforated appendix (odds ratio 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 8.4, p < 0.05); older patients with perforated diverticulitis were three times more likely than younger patients to have generalized peritonitis than localized (pericolic or pelvic) peritonitis (odds ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 7.5, p < 0.05).Conclusion
These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the biologic features of peritonitis differ in the elderly, who are more likely to present with an advanced or severe process than young patients. 相似文献13.
Gustavo Stringel Jeffery L. Zitsman Imad Shehadi Selcek Kithir 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》1997,1(1):37-39
Background and Objectives:
The advantages of laparoscopic appendectomy over open appendectomy have not yet been clearly demonstrated. The present study evaluated our early experience with laparoscopic appendectomy in children, in terms of its safety, effectiveness, technical difficulties, and economics.Methods:
We reviewed the records of 50 cases involving laparoscopic appendectomy performed at our affiliated institutions between September, 1994, and September, 1996. Patient age ranged from 6 to 18 years (mean, 14 years). Thirty-two patients had acute nonperforated appendicitis, six had perforated appendicitis, two had fibrosis of the appendix, and ten had a histologically normal appendix.Results:
In five patients the laparoscopic procedures were converted to open appendectomies because of technical difficulties. There were postoperative complications in four patients: one incomplete appendectomy which subsequently required an open appendectomy for completion, one pelvic abscess, one bowel obstruction, and one minor wound infection.Conclusions:
Laparoscopic appendectomy is a safe and effective procedure. It takes longer operative time than open appendectomy. Length of hospitalization and incidence of postoperative complications are equivalent to those of open appendectomy. Economic benefits are difficult to assess at present. In sum, we believe that with better training, surgical techniques and equipment, laparoscopic appendectomy will eventually become the surgical procedure of choice in appendicitis. 相似文献14.
SS Jaunoo AL Hale JPM Masters SR Jaunoo 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2012,94(7):476-480
INTRODUCTION
The use of imaging and laparoscopy in patients with right iliac fossa pain as tools to make or exclude a diagnosis of appendicitis is at the discretion of the clinician. We sought to establish a consensus of opinion on this matter by surveying professional bodies for laparoscopic surgery in France, Italy and the US.METHODS
A survey was sent to members of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), as well as the French Society for Endoscopic Surgery (SFCE) and the Italian Society for Endoscopic Surgery (SICE). The survey asked about management of both male and female patients presenting with right iliac fossa pain and what operative strategy the respondents would pursue should they find a macroscopically normal appendix at laparoscopy.RESULTS
A total of 364 responses were returned from the three groups. The responses from SAGES showed computed tomography to be the preferred modality for investigating patients with right iliac fossa pain, irrespective of sex. Both SFCE and SICE preferred the use of diagnostic laparoscopy, especially in the female patient group. The majority of all respondents stated that they would remove a macroscopically normal appendix at laparoscopy.CONCLUSIONS
Laparoscopy remains a potent tool in the management of appendicitis. However, the dilemma of when to remove a macroscopically normal appendix remains. Our study shows that removal of the appendix in this instance would be supported by an international consensus. 相似文献15.
Roberts KE Starker LF Duffy AJ Bell RL Bokhari J 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》2011,15(3):373-378
Background:
Stump appendicitis is defined by the recurrent inflammation of the residual appendix after the appendix has been only partially removed during an appendectomy for appendicitis. Forty-eight cases of stump appendicitis were identified in the English literature.Database:
The institutional CPT codes were evaluated for multiple hits of the appendectomy code, yielding a total of 3 patients. After appropriate approval from an internal review board, a retrospective chart review was completed and all available data extracted. All 3 patients were diagnosed with stump appendicitis, ranging from 2 months to 20 years after the initial procedure. Two patients underwent a laparoscopic and the one an open completion appendectomy. All patients did well and were discharged home in good condition.Conclusion:
Surgeons need a heightened awareness of the possibility of stump appendicitis. Correct identification and removal of the appendiceal base without leaving an appendiceal stump minimizes the risk of stump appendicitis. If a CT scan has been obtained, it enables exquisite delineation of the surrounding anatomy, including the length of the appendiceal remnant. Thus, we propose that unless there are other mitigating circumstances, the completion appendectomy in cases of stump appendicitis should also be performed laparoscopically guided by the CT findings. 相似文献16.
Fayyaz Akbar Mansoor Yousuf Richard J Morgan Andrew Maw 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2010,92(1):65-68
INTRODUCTION
The aims of this study were to examine the trends in performance of open and laparoscopic appendicectomy at a district general hospital, and to compare the diagnostic outcomes in the two patient groups.PATIENTS AND METHODS
Data were collected prospectively from patients undergoing an open or laparoscopic procedure for cted appendicitis in an 8-year period between January 2000 and December 2007.RESULTS
A total of 1700 patients (873 women, 827 men) with a median age of 24 years underwent surgery for suspected appendicitis in the study period. There were 1357 patients (group A) who underwent an open procedure for presumed appendicitis (610 women and 747 men [F:M ratio, 1:1.2]). There were 343 patients (group B) who underwent laparoscopy with or without laparoscopic appendicectomy (82 men and 261 women [F:M ratio, 1:0.31]). Over the study period, there was an increasing trend towards the performance of laparoscopic procedures for suspected appendicitis, increasing from 4% to 39% of the total per year. In group A, 1172 (86%) patients had appendicular pathology, while the appendix was normal histologi-cally in 178 (13%). Other pathologies were diagnosed intra-operatively in 1%. In group B, 193 patients (56%) had appendicular pathology while in 150 (44%) the appendix was normal. In the subgroup with a normal appendix, 56 patients (37%) had another cause for their symptoms identified.CONCLUSIONS
Laparoscopic appendicectomy is increasingly being performed. Laparoscopy is often used as a diagnostic tool in general surgical patients, particularly women, with lower abdominal pain. In effect, these patients are undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy, with or without appendicectomy. This has resulted in a lower positive appendicectomy rate, but a higher yield of diagnoses other than appendicitis, in the laparoscopic group. Overall appendicectomy rates, however, have remained unchanged. 相似文献17.
Anshuman Sengupta George Bax Simon Paterson-Brown 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2009,91(2):113-115
INTRODUCTION
Clinical assessment outweighs the use of investigations in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Nevertheless, white cell count (WCC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are regularly measured in patients with suspected appendicitis. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of these markers in patients presenting with acute lower abdominal pain.PATIENTS AND METHODS
WCC and CRP were measured prospectively in 98 patients presenting with lower abdominal pain, and the results were correlated with each patient''s outcome.RESULTS
No patients with WCC and CRP both in the normal range had acute appendicitis. Raised WCC and CRP were poor positive predictors of appendicitis, both alone and in combination, and correlated poorly with the development of complications.CONCLUSIONS
This result may have important clinical and economic implications. We suggest that patients experiencing lower abdominal pain, with normal WCC and CRP values, are unlikely to have acute appendicitis and can be safely sent home. 相似文献18.
Chenghai Zhang Ming Cui Jiadi Xing Yunfei Shi Xiangqian Su 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(9):571-573
INTRODUCTION
Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFPs) are rare and small benign lesions throughout the digestive tract. The most common location is gastric antrum, but rarely at the upper part. Clinical manifestations of IFPs usually include intestinal obstruction, intussusception, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, but rare massive digestive tract hemorrhage.PRESENTATION OF CASE
We describe a rare case presenting with massive gastrointestinal bleeding due to a huge gastric fundus IFP (11 cm). Finally, the patient was treated successfully by the laparoscopic assisted partial gastrectomy (LAPG) and recovered uneventfully. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case presenting with massive alimentary tract hemorrhage due to giant gastric fundus IFP.DISCUSSION
Giant IFP rarely originates in the gastric fundus, but occasionally results in serious consequence, such as massive gastrointestinal bleeding. It is important to recognize IFP because it responds favorably to operation with no relapse or metastasis.CONCLUSION
In the differential diagnosis of alimentary hemorrhage of uncertain etiology, gastric IFP should be considered. For huge gastric IFP, laparoscopic therapy is an apt choice. 相似文献19.
B. Thomas M. Thomas B. McVay J. Chivate 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》2009,13(3):455-457
Background and Objectives:
We report a case of appendicitis presenting in an incarcerated femoral hernia, otherwise known as de Garengeot hernia. This rare hernia usually presents with both diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. We wish to underline the usefulness of laparoscopy in both the diagnosis and treatment of de Garengeot hernias.Methods:
A diagnostic laparoscopy was performed initially. The appendix was seen to disappear into the hernia sac. A laparoscopic appendectomy was then performed prior to open exploration of the groin.Results:
We were able to obtain a correct diagnosis and perform an appendectomy prior to making a groin incision. Operative findings included an incarcerated, inflamed appendix within a femoral hernia.Conclusions:
Diagnostic laparoscopy could be a valuable tool in the correct diagnosis and management of unusual presentations of incarcerated groin hernias. 相似文献20.
Michael Tarnoff Umur Atabek Martin Goodman James B. Alexander Francis Chrzanowski Keith Mortman Rudolph Camishon Mark Pello 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》1998,2(2):153-158