TRF2在食管鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨端粒重复序列结合因子2（Telomeric repeat binding factor2,TRF2）在食管病变中的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化ABC法检测60例食管鳞状细胞癌、30例食管上皮内瘤变和20例食管正常组织中TRF2的表达,并探讨与食管癌临床病理特征之间的关系。结果：在正常上皮组织、上皮内瘤变和食管鳞癌组织中,TRF2的阳性表达率分别为35%、56.7%和96.7%。食管鳞癌组织中,TRF2的表达与淋巴结转移和病理分级呈轻度正相关（P〈0.01）。结论：TRF2在食管癌组织中表达异常增高,提示TRF2与食管癌的发生、发展有密切的关系,检测TRF2的表达可能成为判断食管鳞癌生物学行为的重要指标。     

TRF1在食管鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨端粒重复序列结合因子1（Telomeric repeat binding factor 1,TRF1）在食管病变中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测60例食管鳞状细胞癌、30例食管上皮内瘤变和20例食管正常组织中TRF1的表达,并探讨与食管癌临床病理特征之间的关系。结果在正常上皮组织、上皮内瘤变和食管鳞癌组织中,TRF1的阳性表达率分别为为95%、63.3%和21.7%。食管鳞癌组织中,TRF1的表达与浸润深度和肿瘤长度呈负相关（0〉rs〉-1,P〈0.05）。结论TRF1在食管癌组织中表达异常降低,提示TRF1与食管癌的发生、发展有密切的关系,检测TRF1的表达可能成为判断食管鳞癌生物学行为的重要指标。     

胰岛素样生长因子2 mRNA结合蛋白3在肺鳞癌的表达及预后分析

目的 探讨胰岛素样生长因子2 mRNA结合蛋白3(IMP3)在肺鳞癌中的表达及评价预后的意义.方法 应用免疫组化染色,检测92例肺鳞癌及癌旁组织中IMP3蛋白的表达,结合临床病理学指标及总生存期进行统计学分析.结果 肺鳞癌组织中IMP3阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常组织(x2=70.145,P＜0.01),IMP3蛋白在肺鳞癌中的表达与组织分化程度低、有转移以及病理分期高密切相关(x2分别为9.811、11.926和7.136,P＜0.01);癌组织中IMP3蛋白的表达与患者术后总生存期呈负相关(Log-rank=23.889,P＜0.01),IMP3阳性表达是预后的独立风险因素(风险比:0.436,95％置信区间:0.247 ～0.768,P＜0.01).结论 IMP3表达的肺鳞癌预后较差,可作为新的肺鳞癌标记物.     

热休克蛋白在子宫颈鳞癌的表达及其意义

目的：探讨热休克蛋白（heat shock proteins,HSPs)家族中HSP27、HSP70、HSP90α在子宫颈鳞癌中的表达及其意义。方法：应用免疫组化S－P法观察41例子宫颈鳞癌和10例慢性子宫颈炎组织中HSP27、HSP70、HSP90α的表达。结果：HSP27、HSP70、HSP90α在子宫颈鳞癌中的阳性表达率分别为46．3％、70．7％、80．4％，在慢性子宫颈炎组织中的阳性表达率分别为10．0％、30．0％、20．0％，子宫颈鳞癌与慢性子宫颈炎之间差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。随着子宫颈鳞癌病理分级和临床分期的升高，HSP27表达逐渐降低，而HSP70、HSP90α表达逐渐增加（P＜0．05）。结论：HSP27、HSP70、HSP90α在子宫颈鳞癌的发生发展过程中可能扮演着重要的角色，HSP27主要参与子宫颈鳞癌的早期发生。     

肺癌p73蛋白表达及其临床病理学意义

p73基因与p53基因同抑癌基因家族,p73蛋白在结构和功能上具有与p53蛋白高度相似性,都具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长、诱导细胞凋亡的功能。但两者双存在明显差异。文献报道,p73蛋白在一些癌细胞中呈高水平表达,与多种人类肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。     

食管鳞癌预后因素的病理学和免疫组织化学研究

目的 探讨食管癌组织病理学特征和免疫蛋白表达的预后价值。方法 检测９７例原发性食管鳞癌手术切除标本,对肿瘤组织病理学特征和免疫蛋白表达与患者生存期的关系进行单因素Ｋａｐｌａｎ Ｍｅｉｅｒ分析和多因素Ｃｏｘ分析。结果 单因素Ｋａｐｌａｎ Ｍｅｉｅｒ分析显示,低分化肿瘤、浸润性生长、肿瘤侵及外膜、间质无淋巴细胞浸润、淋巴结转移、高ＴＮＭ分期、表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）阳性表达和ｎｍ２３阴性表达与患者     

食管鳞癌catenin、E-cadherin和cyclinD1的表达及意义

目的：研究食管鳞状细胞癌中细胞周期素D1（cyclinD1)、钙粘附蛋白（E－cadherin,E-cad)、连接蛋白（cat)α，β，γ的表达及临床病理学意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学法检测62例食管癌手术标本的cyclinD1、E-cad、α-cat、β-cat、γ-cat蛋白表达，并结合临床随访资料进行分析。结果：cyclinD1、E-cad、α-cat、β-cat、γ-cat阳性病例分别为35例（56．5％）、39例（62．9％）、49例（79％）、59例（95．2％）和47例（75．8％）。其中α-cat与β-cat、E-cad蛋白表达呈正相关性，其相关系数分别为0．274和0．279（P＜0．05）。γ-cat蛋白缺失表达与淋巴结转移有显著相关性（P＜0．05）；E-cat、γ-cat蛋白缺失与保留表达和肿瘤分化程度、术后生存期长期，在统计学上有差异（P＜0．05）。结论：E-cat、γ-cat缺失表达是食管癌预后差的因素之一。     

PDCD5和Smac在口腔鳞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的研究凋亡相关新基因PDCD5与Smac蛋白在口腔正常黏膜、口腔鳞癌中表达的相关性及其意义。方法采用免疫组化方法检测68例口腔鳞癌组织和43例癌旁正常黏膜组织中PDCD5和Smac的表达,并分析两者的表达与临床病理的关系以及两者之间相互关系。结果正常口腔黏膜组PDCD5染色阳性率为80.2%(P0.05),口腔鳞癌组PDCD5阳性率为29%(P0.05),明显低于癌旁组织,并且表达与TNM分期、淋巴结转移相关性有统计学意义(P0.05)。Smac在正常口腔黏膜组染色阳性率为41.2%(P0.05),明显高于口腔鳞癌组织11.7%(P0.05),且与肿瘤的分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移的相关性均有统计学意义(P0.05)。PDCD5和Smac蛋白呈明显正相关(r=0.892,P0.05)。结论PDCD5和Smac蛋白在口腔鳞癌中表达下调,提示PDCD5与Smac蛋白的改变可能与口腔鳞癌的发生、发展相关,这两项指标可作为辅助口腔黏膜癌变的基因标志物。     

Caspase-3和Survivin在食管鳞癌中的表达及其与临床的关系

目的探讨Caspase-3和Survivin在食管鳞癌中的表达及二者与标本临床病理特征之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法,检测80例食管鳞癌组织和30例食管癌旁组织的Caspase-3和Survivin表达水平;采用定期发信与门诊面检相结合的方法,对80例食管鳞癌单纯手术患者连续跟踪随访5年。结果食管癌旁组及食管鳞癌组中Caspase-3的阳性表达率逐渐减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其表达与浸润深度呈负相关与分化程度呈正相关(P均<0.05);Caspase-3阳性表达组5年生存率低于失表达组(P<0.05)。Survivin的阳性表达率逐渐增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其表达与浸润深度呈正相关而与pTNM呈负相关(P均<0.05);Survivin阳性表达组5年生存率高于失表达组(P<0.05)。在食管鳞癌中,Caspase-3与Survivin表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论Caspase-3和Survivin在食管鳞癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,联合检测Caspase-3和Survivin蛋白表达对食管鳞癌的早期诊断及判断预后有重要的参考价值。     

手术切除肺鳞癌标本中DC浸润对预后的意义

目的：研究肺鳞癌组织中ＤＣ的浸润程度及对预后的影响。方法：将Ｓ－１００蛋白作为ＤＣ的特异性标记物,应用ＳＡＢＣ免疫学方法检测肺鳞癌组织中ＤＣ的分布。结果：５０例肺鳞癌中,ＤＣ显著浸润的２０例,５年生存率为５９％。轻度浸润的３０例,５年生存率为１９．１％．５０例鳞癌中,低分化鳞癌２７例,ＤＣ显著浸润的１１例。５年生存率为５５％,轻度浸润的１６例,５年生存率为１２．８％。高分化鳞癌２３例,ＤＣ显著浸润     

TPX2在肺鳞状细胞癌及其癌前病变中的表达和意义

目的探讨Xklp2靶蛋白（targeting protein for Xklp2,TPX2）在肺鳞癌及其癌前病变中的表达和意义。方法Westernblot分析TPX2蛋白在2株肺鳞癌细胞系和4株永生化支气管上皮细胞系中的表达。逆转录聚合酶链反应分析21对新鲜肺鳞癌组织及其远端正常肺组织TPX2的mRNA表达水平。构建肺癌组织微阵列,针对其中的319例肺鳞癌患者的组织样品及其相应的114例癌前病变组织的常规石蜡切片进行TPX2免疫组织化学（SP法）染色,结果与临床病理参数比较分析。结果TPX2蛋白在被测肺鳞癌和永生化支气管上皮细胞系中均有水平不一的表达。在新鲜组织标本中76．2％的肿瘤组织较正常组织TPX2 mRNA明显高表达。免疫组织化学分析结果显示,TPX2蛋白的表达在肿瘤组织（64．2％）中明显高于正常组织,且与肿瘤组织病理学分级、临床分期及淋巴结转移相关。TPX2蛋白在肺鳞癌的癌前病变中的表达显著高于正常组织,且随支气管上皮病变程度加重（鳞状化生、不典型增生、原位癌）而增高。结论TPX2蛋白的表达有可能促进支气管上皮癌变和肺鳞癌进展,而且是肺鳞癌淋巴转移的危险因素。TPX2有望成为监测肺鳞癌发生发展的候选标志物。     

Prohibitin in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: its expression and possible clinical significance

rohibitin is localized to mitochondria where it might have a role in the maintenance of mitochondrial function and protection against senescence. In this study, we show that prohibitin is up-regulated in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues using agarose 2-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Prohibitin expression was further evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We statistically analyzed the association of prohibitin expression with clinicopathologic indicators in 78 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Our data suggested that prohibitin expression was positively correlated with the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) classification of tumor grade (P < .001), pathologic stage (P < .001), tumor size (P = .01), and lymph node metastasis (P = .004). Furthermore, we found that prohibitin expression was an independent prognostic indicator (P = .037) for overall survival of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma by multivariate analysis using the Cox regression method. These findings may encourage further studies investigating prohibitin function in lung squamous cell carcinoma.     

Clinicopathological significance of PTEN and bcl2 expressions in oral squamous cell carcinoma

A high frequency of mutations at the PTEN locus has been noticed in carcinoma of oral. However, the role of PTEN alternations and its association with outcome variables in the genesis of oral carcinoma is not understood fully. The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of PTEN and Bcl2 in the genesis of Squamous cell carcinoma of oral. Total numbers of 60 histopathologically confirmed cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and 15 cases of inflammatory lesion of oral specimens were studied. We assessed PTEN and bcl2 overexpression by the use of anti-PTEN and anti-bcl2 antibody through immunohistochemistry as directed by the manufacturer. There was progressive loss of PTEN expression from inflammatory lesion to OSCC (p<0.05). Significant differences were found for PTEN expression between inflammatory lesion and OSCC. The difference in expression pattern of PTEN in gender did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05). The expression of bcl2 was found to be restricted to tumor cells in well and moderately differentiated tumors. The intense expression of bcl2 was observed throughout the tumor cell in poorly differentiated tumors.The Overexpression of bcl2 and loss of PTEN expression were correlated to poor differentiation, lymph node involvement and late stages. Thus, alteration of PTEN and bcl2 is likely an important molecular event in pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of oral carcinoma.     

PINCH expression and its significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine rich protein (PINCH), as a newly discovered protein of LIM family members, may play a role in signal transduction of integrin and growth factor, and involved in the incidence and development of tumors. PINCH protein is overexpressed in tumor-associated stroma of several types of tumors. However, there is no study of the PINCH in esophageal cancer, therefore we investigated PINCH expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and its clinicopathological significance in the patients. PINCH expression was immunohistochemically examined in 20 normal esophageal samples and 64 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. The results showed that PINCH expression in the stroma of cancers was heterogeneous, and its positive rate (56%) was higher than that of normal esophageal mucosa (5%, p<0.0001). The stronger staining was observed at the invasive edge of tumor when compared to the inner area of tumor. The rate of positive PINCH (90%) in the cases with lymph node metastasis was higher than that (41%) in the cases without metastasis (p<0.0001). PINCH expression was not correlated with patients' gender, age, tumor location, size and differentiation (p>0.05). The results suggest that PINCH protein may be a marker of tumor associated-stroma involving tumor development, and predicting the ability of invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.     

Gli1 expression in cancer stem-like cells predicts poor prognosis in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma

Purpose

Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is involved in cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance in various tumors; however, its expression and clinical significance in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) has not been reported. In this study, we aimed to reveal the clinical significance of Gli1 in LSCC and investigate the potential of Gli1 as a CSC marker by comparing its expression with that of other stemness-related genes in LSCC.

Immunohistochemical expression of p27kip1 in metastatic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

PurposeLaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is an interesting diagnostic and therapeutic issue. The diagnostic delay is mainly a consequence of the lack of evident symptoms in the early stage of the disease. The purpose of current studies was the evaluation of the expression of p27^kip1 in primary and metastatic LSCC in correlation with patients’ clinicopathological data.Material/methodsThe indirect immunohistochemical studies were performed on the series of 60 sections (primary tumor: 20 cases of N(0) and 20 cases of N(+), and nodal meta: 20 cases), using primary antibody against p27^kip1 [clone 1B4]. The expression of analyzed protein was performed using automated morphometric methods.ResultsThe p27^kip1 nuclear expression was found in 100% (40/40) cases of primary tumor, and in 85% (17/20) cases of SCC meta at lymph nodes. In primary LSCC N(0) the expression of p27^kip1 was significantly higher compared to N(+) cases (p = 0.036672). However, the p27^kip1 expression in SCC metastases was higher compared to the primary SCC.Moreover, the analyses based on the classification trees revealed the cutoff p27^kip1 expression in primary LSCC (IRS ≤ 76) which was characteristic for N(+) patients. Consequently, our analysis revealed that high expression of p27^kip1 (IRS > 76) was characteristic for N(0) patients.ConclusionsOur results suggest that p27^kip1 might be useful prognostic factor of metastatic potential in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.     

High podoplanin expression in cancer cells predicts lower incidence of nodal metastasis in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma

Podoplanin is expressed in a variety of malignant cells, and is generally regarded as a factor promoting tumor progression in conventional studies. Conversely, a recent clinicopathological study has revealed that low podoplanin in cancer cells was correlated with poor prognosis of patients with stage IB lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).We here evaluated the clinicopathological relationship between cancer-cell podoplanin expression and clinicopathological parameters in 40 cases of LSCC (stage I-III).Immunohistochemical podoplanin expression significantly correlated with N classification and pathological stage, but not with other clinicopathological parameters. Notably, all 16 cases with high podoplanin expression unexceptionally exhibited pathological N0 status. Cases without nodal metastasis showed a significantly higher podoplanin-positive score. Furthermore, patients with high podoplanin expression exhibited a significantly longer survival time and disease-free time.These findings suggest that immunohistochemical analysis for podoplanin may serve as a marker of risk of nodal metastasis and prognosis in patients with LSCC.