虎杖甙可引起腹腔巨噬细胞膜部分去极化

应用亲脂性阴离子荧光染料ＢｉＢＡＣ４（３）标记小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，以粘附式细胞仪观察虎杖甙对腹腔巨噬细胞膜电位的影响。结果：１０μ／ｍｌ虎杖甙并不能引起细胞内荧光强度的明显改变，而５０μｇ／ｍｌ及１００μｇ／ｍｌ虎杖甙可使细胞内荧光强度明显增强，结论：一定浓度的虎杖甙能引起腹腔巨噬细胞细胞荧光值升高即膜的部分去极化。     

虎杖甙对内毒素刺激的单个巨噬细胞内游离钙动态变化的影响

用荧光染料Ｉｎｄｏ－１标记小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内游离钙，在粘附式细胞仪检测下观察细胞内游离钙的动态变化。在大肠杆菌Ｏ５５：Ｂ５内毒素刺激下细胞内游离钙迅速升高，于第４００ｓ达峰值。经虎杖甙 处理的巨噬细胞加入内毒素后，胞质游离钱无明显增高。因细胞浴于无钙环境，故胞内游离钙升高不是由于细胞外的Ｃａ＾２＋进入细胞，而是由于内毒素影响胞内钱库调节功能。虎杖甙可能保护钙库中细胞质钙的某种调节机制，从而避免胞质     

虎杖甙对内毒素刺激的单个巨噬细胞内游离钙动态变化的影响

用荧光染料Indo-1标记小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内游离钙,在粘附式细胞仪检测下观察细胞内游离钙的动态变化，在大肠杆菌O55：B5内毒素刺激下细胞内游离钙迅速升高，于第400s达峰值．经虎杖甙处理的巨噬细胞加入内毒素后，胞质游离钙无明显增高．因细胞浴于无钙环境，故胞内游离钙升高不是由于细胞外的Ca2+进入细胞，而是由于内毒素影响胞内钙库调节功能．虎杖甙可能保护胞内钙库中胞质钙的某种调节机制，从而避免胞质游离钙升高．     

大黄素对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内游离钙浓度的影响

用钙敏感的荧光指示剂Fura－2／Am定量分析大黄素对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内（Ca2 ）i的影响。结果显示：在巨噬细胞悬液中相继加入不同剂量的CaCl2后，（Ca2 ）i明显增高（P＜0．01）。巨噬细胞用适当剂量大黄素予处理10min，使用上述不同剂量的CaCl2后，（Ca2 ）i水平明显增高，该实验进一步提示；大黄素可促进细胞内Ca2 释放，也可促进细胞外Ca2 内流。而且大黄素对［Ca2 ］i的作用呈剂量依赖性。     

黄芪甲甙对大鼠离体肠系膜动脉血管舒缩功能的影响

目的：观察黄芪甲甙对大鼠离体肠系膜动脉舒缩功能的影响，并探讨其可能机制。方法：分离肠系膜动脉1—2级分支制备离体肠系膜血管环固定于微血管张力测定仪，观察黄芪甲武对血管环舒缩功能的影响。结果：①不同浓度的黄芪甲甙（30mg／L和100mg／L）孵育后，苯肾上腺素引起的血管收缩较对照组明显下降（尸〈0．05或P〈0．01）。②累积浓度的黄芪甲甙对苯肾上腺素（2×10^-6mol／L）预收缩的内皮完整或去内皮肠系膜动脉血管环均产生浓度依赖性的舒张作用，中高浓度的黄芪甲甙（10mg／L、30mg／L和100mg／L）对内皮完整组的舒张作用明显强于去内皮组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。③累积浓度的黄芪甲甙对KCl预收缩的肠系膜动脉血管环张力无明显影响（P〉0．05）。④L-NAME（10^-4mol／L）预处理能显著减弱黄芪甲甙的舒血管作用（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：黄芪甲甙具有一定的内皮依赖性舒张血管作用，且主要通过NO途径发挥作用。     

Caveolin-1在氧化型低密度脂蛋白诱导的巨噬细胞荷脂过程中的表达

目的观察Caveolin-1在氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）诱导的巨噬细胞荷脂过程中的表达变化,进而分析Caveolin-1在巨噬源性泡沫细胞形成过程中的作用。方法采用75mg／L ox-LDL与RAW264.7细胞共同孵育不同时间,高效液相色谱法检测细胞内胆固醇含量的变化,建立巨噬细胞荷脂化模型;Western-blot检测Caveolin-1蛋白的表达改变。结果75mg／L ox-LDL与RAW264.7细胞共同孵育48h后,细胞内胆固醇酯／总胆固醇的比值上升至42.3％±5.9％,符合荷脂细胞特征。Caveolin-1的蛋白表达较0h组明显减弱。     

氧化低密度脂蛋白对THP-1巨噬细胞CD36表达的影响

目的：观察氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）对THP—1巨噬细胞CD36表达和细胞胆固醇流人的影响，探讨CD36在巨噬细胞胆固醇流人中的作用？方法：用50mg／LoxLDL分别孵育THP—1巨噬细胞不同时间（0、12、24、36和48h），采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT—PCR）和Western印迹分别检测CD36 mRNA和蛋白质的表达；用油红O染色观测细胞内脂质蓄积情况；用液体闪烁计数法检测[^3H]胆固醇流人。结果：50mg／L oxLDL孵育THP-1巨噬细胞不同时间（0、12、24、36和48h），THP—1巨噬细胞CD36 mRNA及蛋白质表达上调，油红O染色可见细胞内脂滴逐渐增加，液体闪烁计数发现THP—1巨噬细胞胆固醇流人增加，分别为23．5％、27．8％、39．7％、44．1％和49．7％。结论：oxLDL可使THP-1巨噬细胞CD36表达上调，并使细胞胆固醇流人增加。     

淫羊藿甙、薯蓣皂甙元和染料木素对新生大鼠颅骨细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的探讨淫羊藿甙、薯蓣皂甙元、染料木素对新生大鼠颅骨细胞增殖和分化的影响。方法体外培养新生大鼠颅骨细胞，通过描绘细胞生长曲线、细胞计数及碱性磷酸酶活性测定等方法，观察不同浓度淫羊藿甙、薯蓣皂甙元和染料木素对新生大鼠颅骨细胞的作用效果。结果淫羊藿甙、染料木素在10^-8～10^-5mol／L浓度范围内对细胞增殖没有明显效果，薯蓣皂甙元在10^-8～10^-4mol／L浓度范围内对细胞生长作用不明显，在10^-5mol／L时对细胞有明显的抑制杀伤作用；3种药物在10^-8～10^-6mol／L浓度范围内，对细胞内碱性磷酸酶的活性有轻微抑制作用，其中以淫羊藿甙较为显著，抑制作用随药物作用时间延长、浓度提高而有所增加。结论3种药物对新生大鼠颅骨原代细胞的增殖无促进作用。     

蚕蛹虫草对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的作用

目的：研究蚕蛹虫草对巨噬细胞吞噬功能的作用。方法：用62．5mgfkg、125mg／kg、250mg／kg、500mg／kg蚕蛹虫草提取液喂养小鼠，10d后处死动物，腹腔注入Hankg工作液，收集巨噬细胞，统计巨噬细胞数，计算巨噬细胞吞噬率和巨噬细胞吞噬指数。结果：各实验组巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数均较对照组高（P〈0．05）；各实验组之间无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：蚕蛹虫草对巨噬细胞免疫功能可能具有增强作用。     

黄芪甲甙体外抗乙型肝炎病毒的作用

目的：探讨黄芪甲甙对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的体外抑制作用．方法：以HepG2．2．15细胞株为细胞模型,分别加入不同浓度的黄芪甲甙和拉米夫定,于培养第3,6和9日收集培养上清液．通过MqT法观察药物对HepG2．2．15细胞株的影响,采用ELISA法及荧光定量PCR法,分析药物对细胞培养上清液中HBsAg,HBeAg及HBVDNA含量的影响．结果：黄芪甲甙具有一定程度的抗HBV的作用．黄芪甲甙给药9d,其HBsAg的50％抑制浓度（Ic50）为22．1mg／L,治疗指数（TI）为4．4;HBeAg的IC50为26．2mg／L,TI为3．72;细胞外HBVDNA的IC50为13．2mg／L,TI为7．4．拉米夫定也有抑制HBV的作用,但抑制作用较弱．结论：黄芪甲甙体外对HBV有抑制作用．     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.