HDV/HBV感染树鼩肝组织Fas/FasL表达与肝细胞凋亡

目的 探讨HDV感染树鼩肝组织中Fas/FasL表达与HDV感染之间的关系,以及Fas/FasL在丁型肝炎肝细胞凋亡中的作用。 方法 采用免疫组化和原位杂交技术对45份HDV感染树鼩肝组织中HDAg,Fas/FasL和Fas/FasL mRNA的表达进行了检测;应用原位末端标记技术对肝细胞凋亡进行了检测;并应用免疫组化双重染色对HDAg,Fas/FasL的表达以及肝细胞凋亡进行了检测。 结果 45份肝组织中有39份可检出Fas/FasL(阳性率87％),有41份可检出凋亡细胞(阳性率91％),HDAg表达与Fas/FasL表达之间有显著相关性(X_1~2=29.2,X_2~2=27.9,P<0.05),HDAg表达越强,Fas和FasL表达也越强,凋亡在HDAg阳性和阴性细胞中均可发生,以HDAg阳性细胞发生为主,Fas/FasL表达与肝细胞凋亡之间有显著相关性(X_1~2=35.1,X_2~2=40.2,p<0.05),Fas和FasL表达越强,凋亡阳性细胞越多。 结论 丁型肝炎病毒感染和未感染的肝细胞均可发生凋亡,但凋亡只在少数细胞发生;肝细胞内的病毒抗原表达可诱导Fas/FasL的表达;Fas/FasL肝细胞凋亡中起重要作用。     

HDV/HBV感染树鼩肝组织中Bcl2/Bax表达和肝细胞凋亡

目的探讨HDV感染树鼩肝组织中Bcl2/Bax表达与HDV感染之间的关系,以及Bcl2/Bax在丁型肝炎肝细胞凋亡中的作用.方法采用免疫组化技术对45份HDV感染树鼩肝组织中HDAg,Bcl2/Bax的表达进行了检测;应用原位末端标记技术对肝细胞凋亡进行检测;并应用免疫组化双重染色对HDAg,Bcl2/Bax的表达以及肝细胞凋亡进行了检测.结果45份肝组织中有33份可检出Bax(阳性率73%),有7份可检出Bcl2(阳性率16%),有41份可检出凋亡细胞(阳性率91%).HDAg表达与Bcl2/Bax表达之间有显著相关性(X12=27.6,X22=35.9,P<0.05),HDAg表达越强,Bax表达越强;相反,Bcl2表达则越弱.凋亡在HDAg阳性和阴性细胞中均可发生,以在HDAg阳性细胞内发生为主.Bcl2/Bax表达与肝细胞凋亡之间有显著相关性(X12=40.1,X22=38.2,P<0.05),Bax表达越强,凋亡阳性细胞越多;相反,Bcl2表达越强,凋亡阳性细胞越少.结论丁型肝炎病毒感染和未感染的肝细胞均可发生凋亡,但凋亡只在少数细胞内发生;HDV可诱导Bax表达,但对Bcl2表达无明显诱导作用,Bcl2/Bax在肝细胞凋亡中起重要作用.     

聚合酶链反应检测慢性丁型肝炎血清HDV RNA的实验研究和临床观察

本文建立一种高度敏感和特异性的检测丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)RNA的方法,提高了丁型肝炎的诊断水平。以HDV RNA保守区ORF5′末端第929～1640位核苷酸为靶基因设计一对引物,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测了35例慢性丁型肝炎患者血清HDV RNA,并同时检测HBVM。35例中共检出HDV RNA421例(60％),10例HDAg阳性者HDV RNA全部阳性,25例抗-HD阳性者中有11例HDV RNA阳性(44％)。表明采用RT-PCR可以准确、快速、敏感地检测出HDV RNA,具有很强的特异性。35例中HBV DNA的检出率为34.2％,而HDV RNA的检出率为60％,HBV DNA和HDV RNA同时阳性者共9例占25.7％,提示慢性乙型肝炎病人合并丁型肝炎时,HBV的复制受到不同程度的抑制而HDV的复制较为活跃。     

丁型肝炎患者肝组织HDAg和HBsAg/HBcAg的免疫组化检测

目的 探讨HDAg和HBsAg/HBcAg在丁型肝炎患者肝组织中表达及关系。方法 应用免疫组化双重染色,检测79例丁型肝炎患者肝组织HDAg、HBsAg和HBcAg表达,以52例乙型肝炎作对照。结果 丁型肝炎HBsAg、HBcAg检出率(81％、71％)较乙型肝炎(94％、92％)低(P<0.05或0.01)。HDAg以肝细胞核表达为主,HBsAg以肝细胞浆表达为主,HDAg和HBsAg表达强度及阳性细胞分布呈一致性,且均与肝组织的炎症活动和病理损害程度相关(P<0.01)。HBcAg以肝细胞核表达为主,阳性细胞主要呈单个细胞或点状分布,且HBcAg阳性细胞明显少于HDAg阳性细胞。结论 HDV感染会抑制HBV病毒抗原(HBcAg)表达;HDV致病机制中既有HDV的直接细胞毒性作用,也有HBV和HDV的协同作用。     

乙丁型肝炎病毒感染树鼠句肝组织Fas和ICE的表达

目的探讨乙型并丁型肝炎病毒感染树鼠句肝组织中Fas和ICE表达与HDV感染之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学技术对45份HDV/HBV感染树鼠句肝组织中HDAg、Fas和ICE的表达进行了检测。结果45份肝组织中有39份可检出Fas(阳性率86.7%),有43份可检出ICE(阳性率95.6%)。Fas和ICE在肝细胞质和(或)膜上表达,以肝细胞质内表达为主。HDAg表达与Fas和ICE表达之间有显著相关性(χ2值为29.2和36.2,P＜0.01),HDAg表达越强,Fas和ICE表达也越强。结论肝细胞内的HDAg表达可诱导Fas和ICE的表达。     

HDV/HBV感染树鼠句肝组织FasFasL表达与肝细胞凋亡

目的 探讨HDV感染树 肝组织中Fas/FasL表达与HDV感染之间的关系,以及Fas/FasL在丁型肝炎肝细胞凋亡中的作用。方法 采用免疫组化和原位杂交技术对45份HDV感染树 肝组织中HDAg,Fas/FasL和Fas/FasL mRNA的表达进行了检测;应用原位末端标记技术对肝细胞凋亡进行了检测;并应 用免疫组化双重染色对HDAg,Fas/FasL的表达以及肝细胞凋 亡进行了检测。 结果 45份肝组织中有39份可检出Fas/FasL(阳性率87％), 有41份可检出凋亡细胞(阳性率91％)．HDAg表达与 Fas/FasL表达之间有显著相关性x =29．2,x =27．9, P     

HDV/HBV感染树鼩肝组织ICE表达及肝细胞凋亡

目的 探讨HDV/HBV感染树鼩肝组织中ICE表达与HDV感染之间的关系,以及ICE在丁型肝炎肝细胞凋亡中的作用。 方法 采用免疫组化技术对45份HDV感染树鼩肝组织中HDVAg,ICE的表达进行了检测;应用原位末端标记技术对肝组织凋亡进行检测;并应用免疫组化双重染色对HDVAg,ICE的表达以及肝细胞凋亡进行了检测。 结果 肝组织45份中有43份可检出ICE(阳性率96％),有41份可检出凋亡细胞(阳性率91％),ICE在肝细胞浆和(或)膜上表达,以肝细胞浆内表达为主,HDVAg表达与ICE表达之间有显著相关性X~2=36.2(P<0.05),HDVAg表达越强,ICE表达越强,凋亡阳性细胞在肝细胞索多呈散在分布,在坏死灶中也可检出,凋亡在HDVAg阳性和阴性细胞中均可发生,以在HDVAg阳性细胞内发生为主,ICE表达与肝细胞凋亡之间有显著相关性X~2=35.6(P<0.05),ICE表达越强,凋亡阳性细胞越多。 结论 丁型肝炎病毒感染和未感染的肝细胞均可发生凋亡,但凋亡只在少数细胞内发生;HDV可诱导ICE表达,ICE在肝细胞凋亡中起重要作用。     

慢性丁型肝炎:用免疫印迹法检测血清中HDV抗原及其与病毒复制有关的其它标志物间的关系

丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)感染的诊断主要根据肝组织发现丁型肝炎抗原(HDAg)或血清中有高滴度抗-HD。尤其在急性 HDV 感染者,用普通 ELISA 法检出率很低。作者介绍用免疫印迹法分析血清中HDAg 及其与病毒复制有关的其它标志物如肝内     

Fas/FasL在丁型肝炎发病机理中的作用

目的检测丁型肝炎病人肝组织Fas/FasL和HDAg表达,了解Fas/FasL在丁型肝炎致病机理中的作用。方法采用免疫组化单、双标记技术,检测48例丁型肝炎病人肝组织Fas、FasL和HDAg表达,以54例乙型肝炎作疾病对照。结果 Fas以肝细胞浆表达为主,HDAg以肝细胞核和胞浆表达为主,二抗原表达及分布呈一致性。FasL主要表达在浸润淋巴细胞浆、肝细胞核,与HDAg表达及分布不全一致,丁型肝炎组Fas、FasL检出率及表达强度较对照组高,三成分在各型肝炎中的表达强度有显著性差别意义。结论 Fas、FasL和HDAg均与肝组织炎症活动和病理损害相关,HDV感染可诱导肝细胞大量表达Fas,CTL通过Fas/FasL途径介导的肝细胞凋亡与HDV致病可能有关。     

丁型肝炎病毒与其他肝炎病毒重叠感染的调查研究

丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)常与乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)同时或重叠感染,国内外报道感染串存在地区性差异。迄今对HBV感染的治疗仍感棘手,而合并HDV感染又可能导致病情加重和慢性化。为调查HDV及其重叠感染的情况,我们对肝炎住院患者进行甲～庚型肝炎病毒检测,现将190例HDV阳性患者及其重叠感染情况分析如下。     

Hepatitis D virus (delta agent) superinfection in an endemic area of hepatitis B infection: immunopathologic and serologic findings

In 86 Chinese patients with histologically proven hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive chronic hepatitis and serum alanine aminotransferase levels exceeding 200 U/l, antibody to hepatitis D antigen (HDAg) was detected more frequently in sera from hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative patients (11/35, 31.4%) than in HBeAg positive (4/51, 7.8%) patients (p less than 0.02). 10 liver biopsy specimens (76.9%) from 13 chronic hepatitis B patients with superimposed hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection, showed positive staining for HDAg in their hepatocytes. Neither HBsAg nor hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) was found in the liver in 12/13 patients with superimposed HDV infection. However, in liver biopsy specimens from 42 patients without HDV superinfection, HBsAg was stained positively in 41 patients (97.6%), and HBcAg in 24 patients (47.1%). Using dot blot hybridization technique, serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was detected in 62.1% (41/66) of patients without HDV superinfection, while it was detected only in 10.0% (1/10) of patients who had HDV superinfection. It is concluded that HDV superinfection plays a significant role in Taiwan in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients with clinical "exacerbation". The data show clear evidence of HDV interfering with the replication of HBV.     

丁型肝炎病人肝组织HDAg和 Fas表达及其相互关系

目的 研究丁型肝炎病人肝组织Fas和HDAg表达及其相互关系,了解Fas在HDV致病机制中的作用。方法 应用免疫组化单、双标记技术,检测48例丁型肝炎病人肝组织Fas、HDAg表达,以54例乙型肝炎病人肝组织Fas表达作对照。结果 Fas以肝细胞浆表达为主,HDAg以肝细胞核和胞浆表达为主,二抗原表达及分布呈一致性。各型肝炎中Fas和HDAg表达有统计学差别,两种抗原的分布和表达强度与肝细胞炎症活动和病理损害程度相关。结论 Fax和HDAg表达及分布密切相关,与肝组织炎症活动和病理损害相关,此提示HDV感染可诱导肝细胞表达Fas,Fas及其所介导的肝细胞凋亡在HDV致病机制中可能有重要作用。     

HDV感染后乙型肝炎患者血清肝炎病毒标志物的变化

目的　分析HDV感染患者血清病毒性肝炎标志物的变化和意义 ,探讨HDV致病机理。方法　对 469例HDV阳性乙型肝炎患者常见各类型病毒性肝炎血清标志物的变化等作统计分析 ,以 2 13例HDV( -)乙型肝炎患者作对照。结果　HDV感染后血清HBeAg检出率降低 (P <0 .0 1)。在HDV ( +)HBVDNA( -)组 ,HBeAg( -)的机会大 (P <0 .0 1)。在急性肝炎、重型肝炎和肝硬化患者HDAg( +)HBeAg( -)为主要血清病毒表现形式 (P <0 .0 1或 0 .0 5 )。HDV感染后合并其它肝炎病毒感染率高于乙型肝炎组。结论　HDV感染可抑制HBV复制或HBeAg表达 ,混合感染HDV的乙型肝炎中HDV的直接细胞毒性作用可能起主要致病作用。重叠感染HDV的乙型肝炎患者其病情重、病死率高和容易慢性化。     

Identification of a natural intergenotypic recombinant hepatitis delta virus genotype 1 and 2 in Vietnamese HBsAg‐positive patients

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is acquired as a co‐ /superinfection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and can modulate the pathophysiology of chronic hepatitis B and related liver diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma. Among the eight distinct HDV genotypes reported, relatively few studies have attempted to investigate the prevalence of HDV mixed genotypes and RNA recombination of HDV. With a recorded prevalence of 10–20% HBV infection in Vietnam, this study investigated the HDV variability, HDV genotypes and HDV recombination among twenty‐one HDV isolates in Vietnamese HBsAg‐positive patients. HDV subgenomic and full‐length genome sequences were obtained using newly established HDV‐specific RT‐PCR techniques. The nucleotide homology was observed from 74.6% to 99.4% among the investigated full‐length genome of the HDV isolates. We observed HDV genotype 1 and HDV genotype 2 in the investigated Vietnamese patients. Although no HDV genotype mixtures were observed, we report here a newly identified recombinant of HDV genotypes (HDV 1 and HDV 2). The identified recombinant HDV isolate C03 revealed sequence homology to both HDV genotype 1 (nt1 to nt907) and HDV genotype 2 (nt908 to nt1675; HDAg coding region) with a breakpoint at nt908. Our findings demonstrate the prevalence of intergenotypic recombination between HDV genotypes 1 and 2 in a Vietnamese HBsAg‐positive patient. Extended investigation on the distribution and prevalence of HDV, HDV mixed genotypes and recombinant HDV genotypes in a larger Vietnamese population offers vital insights into understanding of the micro‐epidemiology of HDV and subsequent pathophysiology in chronic HBV‐ /HDV‐related liver diseases.     

丁型肝炎患者肝组织HDAg与HBsAg/HBcAg和HBV DNA相关性研究

目的探讨丁型肝炎患者肝组织中HDAg与HBsAg,HBcAg和HBV DNA表达及相关性.方法应用免疫组化双重染色及连续切片技术和原位杂交,检测了79例丁型肝炎患者肝组织HDAg,HBsAg,HBcAg和HBVDNA表达,以52例乙型肝炎作对照.结果丁型肝炎HBsAg,HBcAg检出率为81%,71%,乙型肝炎为94%,92%,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05或0.01).HDAg以肝细胞核表达为主,其次是胞质表达,HBsAg以肝细胞浆表达为主,HDAg和HBsAg表达强度及阳性细胞分布呈一致性,两种抗原的表达程度与肝组织的炎症活动和病理损害相关(P＜0.01).HBcAg以以肝细胞核表达为主,阳性细胞主要呈单个细胞或点状分布,且HBcAg阳性细胞明显少于HDAg阳性细胞.HDAg表达强度与HBV DNA表达呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论HDV感染会抑制HBV DNA复制或病毒抗原表达;在HDV致病机制中HDV的直接细胞毒性可能起主要作用,也有HBV的协同作用.     

Correlation between Hepatitis delta virus infection and heptitis B virus serum markers

AIM: To analyse the correlation between HDV infection and HBV serum markers. METHODS: Patients who were positive for HBV serum markers were selected and HDV infection was examined in them. Blood donors were used as a control group. Both HDV infection and HBV serum markers were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: HDV infection was detected in 40 of 289 patients who were positive for HBV serum markers. The overall positive rate of HDV infection was 13.8%. The positive rates of HDV infection in HBsAg(+) group, HBcAb(+) group and HBeAb(+) group were 17.6%, 18.8% and 25.2%, respectively, which were higher than that in HBeAg(+) group (10.9%), and none was detected in HBsAb(+) group. HDV infection appeared in HBsAg(+)HBcAb(+)HBeAb(+) patients with a positive rate of 26.2%, which was much higher than that in HBsAg(+)HBcAb(+)HBeAg(+) patients (10.9%). CONCLUSION: HDV coinfection is more frequent in HBsAg(+) HBcAb(+)HBeAb(+) patients than in BsAg(+)HBcAb(+)HBeAg(+) patients. HDV infection is not completely related with the speed and amount of HBV replication.     

Course of hepatitis B and D virus infection in auxiliary liver grafts in hepatitis B-positive patients : A light-microscopic and immunohistochemical study

Four patients who received an auxiliary partial liver graft for decompensated liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B (HBV), associated in two cases with hepatitis D virus (HDV) superinfection, were studied. The sequential appearance of hepatitis B and D antigens in the grafts was investigated in serial liver biopsies by immuno-histochemical methods and compared with the viral antigenic profiles of the host livers. The histological changes in the liver grafts were studied in relation to the viral expression patterns. One week after transplantation, expression of HBsAg was already apparent in two grafts. HBcAg was found in the graft of the only patient with HBcAg in the host liver. HDAg was expressed in the grafts of both patients with HDV superinfection; in one of these cases HDAg was present without HBsAg. At 3 months, viral antigen expression was maximal. Expression of HBsAg and HBcAg in the grafts of the two HDV-positive patients was, however, less extensive than in the two HBV-positive patients. All patients developed a mild lobular hepatitis, histologically demonstrated between the 47th and 107th posttransplantation day. In the two HBV-positive, HDV-negative patients, cirrhotic transformation of the graft occurred within 1 year. In the HDV-positive patients only a mild chronic active hepatitis with slight or moderate fibrosis was observed after 1 year. We conclude that recurrence of HBV and HDV infection in auxiliary liver grafts is demonstrable within 1-3 weeks. HBV infection in liver grafts may be a rapidly progressive disease. Coinfection with HDV does not aggravate the acute hepatitis and may even suppress the progression of chronic HBV.     

Serum hepatitis delta virus RNA in patients with delta hepatitis and in liver graft recipients

We have investigated the usefulness of serum hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA detection using a slot hybridization analysis of serum samples from ten patients with acute hepatitis and delta markers (group I), from 28 patients with chronic delta hepatitis (group II) and from seven liver graft recipients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HDV related cirrhosis or fulminant hepatitis (group III). The slot-blots were hybridized with both HDV-complementary DNA and single-stranded RNA probes. With the single-stranded RNA probe, HDV RNA was detected in the first serum sample available in 9/10 of the patients with acute hepatitis (group I). In addition, HDV RNA was detected in 8/9 and 7/8 of the samples obtained within and after 1 month of the onset of hepatitis. Five of the ten patients scored positive for HDV RNA and negative for hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) while one was negative for HDV RNA and positive for HDAg. The same RNA probe enabled the detection of serum HDV RNA in 21/28 chronic hepatitis patients (liver HDAg and/or IgM anti-HD positive) (group II). Among the liver graft recipients (group III), 7/7 had a recurrent delta infection. Serum HDAg, liver HDAg and anti-HD IgM were identified in 3/7, 6/7 and 5/7 of the patients, respectively. HDV RNA was detected in the seven patients with either persistent (4/7) or transient (3/7) positivity. In addition, HBsAg and HBV RNA were persistently shown in 4/7 patients with continuous HDV replication. In the remaining three patients, HDV RNA was detectable despite the absence of HBsAg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

福建省部分地区丁型肝炎的研究

本研究应用酶联免疫(EIA)及核酸斑点杂交法对我省部分地区227例乙型肝炎患者检测了HDAg、抗-HD及HDVRNA。结果4例抗-HD阳性,1例HDAg与HDVRNA均为阳性,HDVM检出率为2.2％(5/227)。证实了丁型肝炎在福建省的存在,但感染率低,呈散在分布。各临床型乙肝患者HDVM检出率分别为:急性肝炎1.5％(1/67);慢性肝炎3％(4/135);HBsAg无症状携带者0(0/25)。慢性肝炎患者HDVM检出率明显高于HBsAg携带者,提示HDV感染与HBsAg阳性的慢性肝病密切相关。并发现本研究5例HDV感染者临床表现均为重叠感染,绝大多数患者HBV复制指标受到抑制。