视网膜脱离患者血清及视网膜下积液蛋白质结构分析

目的探讨视网膜脱离患者血清及视网膜下积液（ＳＲＦ）蛋白质结构改变。方法首次用ＦＴＲａｍａｎ和ＦＴＩＲ光谱及利用相关峰积分的半定量方法对视网膜脱离患者血清及ＳＲＦ的蛋白质结构变化进行研究。结果发现患者血清与健康人血清的两种光谱非常相似，他们均有酰胺Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ，但患者ＳＲＦ的芳香族基团的谱峰明显高于血清。结论视网膜脱离患者ＳＲＦ的芳香族结构明显改变，可能引起视网膜脱离，ＳＲＦ来源也可能是多方面     

摘要卡

眼科研究１６∶１６５—１６７，１９９８眼科研究１６∶１６１—１６４，１９９８视网膜脱离患者血清及视网膜下积液蛋白质结构分析陈翠真魏文斌董冰张煦翁乃清许振华摘要目的探讨视网膜脱离患者血清及视网膜下积液（ＳＲＦ）蛋白质结构改变。方法首次用ＦＴＲａｍａｎ和...     

糖尿病视网膜病变患者EGF、TNF、SOD水平和血液流变学改变

目的 探讨糖尿病视网膜病变（ＤＲ）患者的上皮细胞生长因子（ＥＧＦ）、肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）、血清超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和血液流变学的变化。方法 测定３０例糖尿病视网膜病变（ＤＲ）患者,２９例糠尿病无视网膜病变者（ＮＤＲ）和２９例对照者（Ｃ）的ＥＧＦ、ＴＮＦ、ＳＯＤ水平和血液流变学指标。结果 糖尿病患者的ＥＧＦ、ＴＮＦ和血液粘度明显高于对照组;而ＳＯＤ均值明显低于对照组。增殖型ＤＲ患者的ＥＧＦ、Ｔ     

孔源性视网膜脱离视网膜下液丙二醛和锌,铜含量测定及临床意义

对８０例孔源性视网膜脱离患者视网膜下液及血清丙二醛、锌和铜水平进行了测定。结果表明：ＳＲＦ中有脂质过氧化毒性产物，其含量随ＲＲＤ眼瓿病变程度的加重而增加，并与ＳＲＦ中锌含量呈正相关。中度以上近视患者血清Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值显著高于正常人和低度近视患者（Ｐ≤０．０５）。锌、铜代谢异常和脂质过氧化毒性作用可能是ＲＲＤ发生和发展的病理因素之一。     

孔源性视网膜脱离患者视网膜下液蛋白质图谱

运用瑞士产快速液相色谱（ＦＰＬＣ）对孔源性视网膜脱离患者视网膜下液蛋白质进行检测，其结果表明经凝胶作用色谱柱后，视网膜下液蛋白质可分成４个不同分子量级分，即〉７０ＫＤ，〉１０ＫＤ，〈１０ＫＤ及〈１ＫＤ，视网膜下液蛋白质浓度随着ＰＶＲ的加重而中，其蛋白质以１０ＫＤ以上为主要成分占６６．１４～８１．２９％，１０ＫＤ以下蛋白质在样本中的含量所占百分比随ＰＶＲ加重有增加趋势。     

TGF-β介导的Smad信号通路在增生型糖尿病视网膜病变中的作用和意义

目的　本研究旨在观察转化生长因子β（ｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｉｎｇｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ-ｂｅｔａ,ＴＧＦ-β）介导的Ｓｍａｄ信号通路在增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＤＲ）中的作用和意义,进而阐明其可能的发病机制。方法　收集正常人和糖尿病患者的血液标本,将糖尿病患者依据视网膜受累程度分为２组:无糖尿病视网膜病变（ｎｏｎ-ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉ-ｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＮＤＲ）组、糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＤＲ）组,根据眼底改变又分为非增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｎｏｎ-ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＮＰＤＲ）组和增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＤＲ）组。分别用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测正常人和糖尿病患者血浆中的ＴＧＦ-β１ 和ＴＧＦ-β２,Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ检测血浆中ＴＧＦ-β１、ＴＧＦ-β２、Ｓｍａｄ３和ｐ-Ｓｍａｄ３的蛋白表达量,比较各组差异。结果　与对照组比较,糖尿病患者各组ＴＧＦ-β１ 和ＴＧＦ-β２分泌量和ＴＧＦ-β１、ＴＧＦ-β２、ｐ-Ｓｍａｄ３的蛋白表达量均明显升高（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;与ＮＤＲ组比较,ＤＲ各组上述指标均显著增高（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;ＰＤＲ组上述指标均显著高于ＮＰＤＲ组（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＴＧＦ-β介导的Ｓｍａｄ信号通路参与了ＤＲ的发生,可能是介导ＰＤＲ发生的重要机制。     

全视网膜光凝术对糖尿病视网膜病变视网膜神经纤维层及黄斑区视网膜的影响

目的　探讨全视网膜光凝术（ｐａｎｒｅｔｉｎａｌｐｈｏｔｏｃｏａｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ,ＰＲＰ）对糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＤＲ）视网膜神经纤维层（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｎｅｒｖｅｆｉｂｅｒｌａｙｅｒ,ＲＮＦＬ）及黄斑区视网膜的影响。方法　选取２０１０年６月至２０１３年１２月于我院行ＰＲＰ治疗的１２０例（１２０眼）ＤＲ患者,其中非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（ｎｏｎ-ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＮＰＤＲ）６０例（ＮＰＤＲ组）,增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＤＲ）６０例（ＰＤＲ组）,同时选取同期于我院健康体检的６０例（６０眼）正常志愿者作为正常对照组。ＰＲＰ手术前后使用ＯＣＴ横向扫描视盘旁ＲＮＦＬ厚度和黄斑区,将视盘旁ＲＮＦＬ和黄斑区分为上方、鼻侧、下方和颞侧４个象限进行扫描,获取各象限及全周平均视盘旁ＲＮＦＬ厚度及黄斑区视网膜厚度,并对结果进行统计分析。结果　与正常对照组相比,ＮＰＤＲ和ＰＤＲ组ＰＲＰ前视盘上方、下方、鼻侧象限、全周平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度均降低（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,但颞侧象限ＲＮＦＬ厚度差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;ＮＰＤＲ组和ＰＤＲ组ＰＲＰ前不同象限及全周平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度相比,差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。与ＰＲＰ前相比,ＮＰＤＲ、ＰＤＲ组ＰＲＰ后各象限及全周平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度均变薄,但只有上方、下方及全周平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;与ＮＰＤＲ组相比,ＰＤＲ组上方、下方、鼻侧及全周平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度变薄更明显,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。与正常对照组相比,ＮＰＤＲ和ＰＤＲ组ＰＲＰ前各象限及平均黄斑区视网膜厚度均增加,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,且ＰＤＲ组较ＮＰＤＲ组增加更为明显,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０.０５）。与ＰＲＰ前相比,ＮＰＤＲ、ＰＤＲ组ＰＲＰ后各象限及平均黄斑区视网膜厚度均增加,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,且ＰＤＲ较ＮＰＤＲ组增加更为明显,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＰＲＰ对ＤＲ患者ＲＮＦＬ有一定损伤,应选择适当的激光能量与曝光时间,最大限度地降低对ＲＮＦＬ的影响。     

糖尿病视网膜病变与红细胞变形能力和膜磷脂及收缩蛋白变化的关系

目的　探讨糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＤＲ）与红细胞变形能力（ｅｒｙｔｈｒｏｃｙｔｅ ｄｅｆｏｒｍ ａｂｉｌｉｔｙ，ＥＤ）、红细胞膜磷脂成分及红细胞膜收缩蛋白（ｓｐｅｃｔｒｉｎ，ＳＰ）变化的关系。　方法　１０８例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者根据视网膜病变的有无分为ＤＲ组（５５例）和非ＤＲ（ｎｏｎｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＮＤＲ）组（５３例），检测其ＥＤ、红细胞膜磷脂成分和红细胞膜收缩蛋白二聚体（ｓｐｅｃｔｒｉｎ ｄｉｍｅｒ，ＳＰＤ）、四聚体（ｓｐｅｃｔｒｉｎ ｔｅｔｒａｍ ｅｒ，ＳＰＴ）相对含量的变化。并与正常对照组５３例的相同检测结果作对比。　结果　ＤＲ患者红细胞滤过指数（ｅｒｙｔｈｒｏｃｙｔｅ ｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｉｎｄｅｘ，ＥＦＩ）、ＳＰＤ、ＳＰＤ／ＳＰＴ、神经鞘磷脂（ｓｐｉｎｇｏｍ ｙｌｉｎｅ，ＳＭ）／磷脂酰胆碱（ｐｈｏｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｃｈｏｌｉｎｅ，ＰＣ）明显增高，而ＳＰＴ、ＳＭ、ＰＣ、磷脂酰丝氨酸（ｐｈｏｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｓｅｒｉｎｅ，ＰＳ）和磷脂酰乙醇胺（ｐｈａｔｉｄｙｌｔｈａｎｏｌａｍ ｉｎｅ，ＰＥ）明显降低，与对照组和ＮＤＲ 组比较有显著差异（Ｆ＝ ８．     

血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体与2型糖尿病视网膜病变相关性研究

目的　研究血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,ｓＴＮＦＲ）与２型糖尿病视网膜病变的相关性。方法　６６例２型糖尿病患者通过眼底检查和眼底荧光血管造影按照ＥＤＴＲＳ分期分为３组:无糖尿病视网膜病变（ｎｏｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＮＤＲ;ｎ＝２２）组、非增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｎｏｎｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＮＰＤＲ;ｎ＝２４）组和增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＤＲ;ｎ＝２０）组。２１名健康人作为对照组。检测４组研究对象血清中肿瘤坏死因子（ｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＴＮＦ）-α、ｓＴＮＦＲ-１、ｓＴＮＦＲ-２水平。组间统计分析采用非参数Ｍａｎｎ-ＷｈｉｔｎｅｙＵ检验。结果　血清中ＴＮＦ-α中位数分别为:对照组０ｐｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＮＤＲ组３．４５ｐｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＮＰＤＲ组３．９２ｐｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＰＤＲ组８．１２ｐｇ·ｍＬ－１。对照组与ＰＤＲ组（Ｐ＜０．００１）、ＮＤＲ组与ＰＤＲ组（Ｐ＝０．００８）比较差异均有统计学意义。血清中ｓＴＮＦＲ-１水平中位数:对照组１．５０ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＮＤＲ组１．８８ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＮＰＤＲ组２．５８ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＰＤＲ组３．００ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１。对照组与ＮＰＤＲ组（Ｐ＜０．００１）、对照组与ＰＤＲ组（Ｐ＜０．００１）、ＮＤＲ组与ＮＰＤＲ组（Ｐ＝０．００７）、ＮＤＲ组与ＰＤＲ组（Ｐ＜０．００１）比较,差异均有统计学意义。血清中ｓＴ-ＮＦＲ-２中位数分别为:对照组３．８８ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＮＤＲ组５．０１ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＮＰＤＲ组５．２１ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１、ＰＤＲ组６．３３ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１。除了ＮＤＲ组与ＮＰＤＲ组（Ｐ＝０．０７０）间差异无统计学意义外,其他组间差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　血清中ｓＴＮＦＲ与２型糖尿病视网膜病变密切相关,表明ｓＴＮＦＲ在糖尿病视网膜病变的发生发展中起到了一定的作用。对ｓＴＮＦＲ进行进一步研究可以寻找治疗糖尿病视网膜病变新的靶点。     

视网膜脱离复位术前后血浆及视网膜下液的检测

目的探讨视网膜脱离手术前后血浆及视网膜下液（ｓｕｂｒｅｔｉｎａｌｆｌｕｉｄ，ＳＲＦ）中人表皮生长因子（ｈｕｍａｎｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ，ｈ－ＥＧＦ）、肿瘤坏死困子（ｔｕｍｏｒｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＴＮＦ）含量与增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｖｉｔｒｅｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＰＶＲ）形成的关系。方法采集５１例视网膜脱离伴ＰＶＲ者手术前、后血浆及ＳＲＦ，采用放射免疫方法测定其中ｈ－ＥＧＦ及ＴＮＦ含量。结果ＰＶＲ患者血浆ｈ－ＥＧｐ、ＴＮＦ值较正常人升高，但差异无显著性；与病怀轻重程度无关。ＳＲＦ中ｈ－ＥＧＦ、ＴＮＦ含量随病情加重而升高；ＳＲＦ中ｈ－ＥＧＦ与ＴＮＦ浓度呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。视网膜脱离复位术后５天，血浆中ｈ－ＥＧＦ、ＴＮＦ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），术后１５、３０天二者浓度下降，但未降至正常。结论ＳＲＦ中ｈ－ＥＧＦ、ＴＮＦ二者有助同作用，并与ＰＶＲ的发生和发展有密切关系；血浆中一定浓度的ｈ－ＥＧＦ、ＴＮＦ参与视网膜脱离复位术中的创伤修复与炎症反应，但高浓度则影响手术效果。     

视网膜与脉络膜下液的丙二醛含量测定

我们对41例孔源性视网膜脱离(RD)和5例渗出性视网膜脱离(ERD)病人的视网膜下液(SRF)及7例内眼术后脉络膜脱离(CD)的脉络膜下液(SCF)中丙二醛进行了测定,以自身血清作对照。结果表明:丙二醛在ERD—SRF中含量最高(6.820±3.28mmol/L)、CD—SCF次之(2.001±0.63mmol/L)、RD—SRF中最低(0.537±0.34mmol/L)。二者间有显著性差异(P<0.01)。与自身血清中丙二醛含量比较,ERD—SRF显著的高浓度(P<0.01),RD—SRF显著的低浓度(P<0.01),CD—SCF无显著性差异(P<0.05)。     

视网膜下液对培养的人眼视网膜色素上皮细胞、 成纤维细胞内Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响

目的了解视网膜下液(subretinal fluid, SRF)对培养的视网 膜色素上皮（retinal pigment epithelium,RPE）细胞、成纤维细胞（fibroblas t, F B）内Bcl-2 蛋白表达的影响。方法应用Western-blotting 技术及免疫组化技术分别检测视网膜下液（subretinal fluid，SRF）作用于RPE细胞、FB一定时间后细胞内Bcl-2的表达水平。 结果在SRF作用4 h后两种细胞内bcl-2表达量与无血清培养 基静息的对照组相比都有不同程度的增加；作用36 h后，所有实验组和对照组细胞内bcl-2表达量都下降，但SRF作用下的RPE细胞和FB内bcl-2水平的下降幅度较为明显，而对照组在实验观察期末细胞内bcl-2蛋白水平仍维持在较高的水平。结论实验早期SRF具有促进RPE细胞、FB内Bcl-2表达的作用，但作用一定时间后加速细胞内bcl-2蛋白的降解。(中华眼底病杂志,2001,17:58-60)     

视网膜脱离患者网膜下积液的免疫学检测及其临床意义

检测了21例视网膜脱离患者网膜下积液免疫球蛋白和补体的含量,发现视网膜脱离患者可能在眼局部存有免疫反应,随病程增长,免疫反应加重,高度近视患者易发生免疫反应和发生免疫反应患者手术愈后不理想,并讨论了与网脱范围和裂孔大小、数目的关系。     

Retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy: ophthalmic artery blood velocities, intraocular pressure, and endothelin-1

PURPOSE: To analyze if endothelin-1 (ET-1) may have an effect on ophthalmic artery (OA) blood flow velocities and intraocular pressure (IOP) in retinal detachment (RD). METHODS: Using radioimmunoassay, immunoreactive (IR) ET-1 levels were tested in both plasma and subretinal fluid (SRF) specimens from patients with RD, while only plasma specimens from normal (healthy) subjects were tested. OA Doppler sonography parameters and IOP were measured in eyes with RD, with and without proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), their respective healthy fellow eyes, and normal eyes. RESULTS: RD eyes had lower OA peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV), higher resistivity index (RI), lower IOP, and higher plasma IR ET-1 levels than normal eyes (P < 0.0001). Eyes with PVR had lower OA PSV and EDV, higher RI, lower IOP, higher plasma IR ET-1 levels, and higher SRF IR ET-1 than eyes without PVR (P < 0.0001). A statistically significant linear correlation was found among OA parameters, IOP, and SRF IR ET-1 measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased OA blood flow velocities may explain lower IOP found in RD patients, and ET-1 levels may be responsible for both measurements.     

Neuron specific enolase in retinal detachment

PURPOSE: Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) is released following central nervous system (CNS) distress. As retina is part of the CNS, NSE levels were measured in the subretinal fluid (SRF), aqueous, and serum of patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). METHODS: Radioimmunoassay was used to determine NSE levels in the SRF, aqueous, and serum of 13 patients (28-92 years old, mean = 71 years) with RD. As controls, NSE was measured in the aqueous of 6 patients undergoing cataract surgery and in serum of 18 patients without ophthalmological or neurological diseases. RESULTS: SRF levels of NSE ranged from 50-200 microg/l (mean +/- s.d. = 150 +/- 57). NSE levels in aqueous from patients with RD were 2-140 microg/l (mean +/- s.d. = 39 +/- 42), significantly higher than in controls (0-6 microg/l; mean +/- s.d. = 1.58 +/- 2.24; p = 0.04). Serum NSE levels in RD patients ranged from 6.5-80 microg/l (mean +/- s.d. = 26 +/- 21) and was significantly higher than in controls (5.3 +/- 1.66 microg/l; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Retinal neuron injury in retinal detachment (RD) releases sufficient Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) to be detected in subretinal fluid, aqueous, and even in serum. Thus, NSE could index disease severity in RD and provide a means by which to assess the response to neuroprotection in RD.     

Influence of persistent submacular fluid on visual outcome after successful scleral buckle surgery for macula-off retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To determine the influences of the extent and duration of persistent submacular fluid on final visual outcome after successful scleral buckle surgery for acute macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). DESIGN: Prospective observational case series. METHODS: Forty-four consecutive patients (44 eyes) who underwent successful scleral buckle surgery for macula-off rhegmatogenous RD were enrolled patients underwent thorough ophthalmologic tests including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessments and optical coherence tomography (OCT) at one, three, six, nine, and 12 months postoperatively, until at least six months after the disappearance of subretinal fluid (SRF). Patients with persistent submacular fluid one month after surgery were assigned to group A and those without submacular fluid, to group B. In group A, patients whose submacular fluid disappeared before six months were assigned to group A1; the others, to group A2. The natural course of persistent SRF and associations between the extent and duration of SRF and postoperative BCVA were investigated. RESULTS: Twenty-three eyes (52.3%) were in group A and 21 eyes (47.7%) in group B. Twelve eyes (52.2%) were in group A1 and 11 eyes (47.8%) in group A2. SRF disappeared within 12 months after surgery without reoperation in all patients. No significant differences in final visual acuity (VA) were found among groups A, B, A1, and A2. Final VA was not found to be associated with SRF extent or duration. CONCLUSIONS: The presence and extent of submacular fluid after successful scleral buckle surgery for acute macula-off rhegmatogenous RD did not influence final VA or anatomic attachment.     

Subretinal fluid bleb after successful scleral buckling and cryotherapy for retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To determine the characteristics of subretinal fluid (SRF) blebs after successful scleral buckling with cryotherapy as a treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) and to investigate their possible origin. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: The incidence of SRF bleb and the temporary aspects associated with the appearance and disappearance of the lesion were analyzed. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to confirm SRF and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) was carried out to evaluate choroidal circulation in some of the cases. RESULTS: SRF bleb was observed in 11 (9.3%) of 118 cases with the history of successful scleral buckling and cryotherapy. The lesions were detected 8.7 +/- 5.5 (mean +/- standard deviation [SD]) weeks after complete retinal reattachment, and the mean +/- SD period required for the disappearance of the lesion was 4.7 +/- 3.4 months. SRFs were verified by OCT in five cases of macular involvement. ICGA revealed choroidal vascular congestion and hyperpermeability near the lesion in three of four cases, and these vascular abnormalities remained unchanged after the removal of the scleral explant. CONCLUSIONS: SRF bleb after successful RD surgery disappears spontaneously within one year. The origin of the lesion may be associated with choroidal vascular changes resulting from cryotherapy.     

Subretinal fluid ferning test in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: The ferning test involves a process of crystallization achieved simply by removing water and is feasible for all ocular fluids. The ferning test of subretinal fluid (SRF) from patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) reveals three different patterns: type 1 showing thin crystals, type 2 with larger crystals and type 3 with small, curvilinear structures with no tree-like appearance. The present study was designed to determine whether the SRF ferning test is correlated with the clinical features and the surgical outcome of RRD. METHODS: A series of 65 consecutive patients with RRD at the first onset were considered. Particular attention was paid to duration, extension, and surgical outcome of RRD. SRF samples were collected during scleral buckling surgery. The fluid was dropped onto the slide of a light microscope, left to dry, and examined under the microscope. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between SRF ferning types 1 and 2 as regards, duration and extension (both p < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between SRF ferning types 2 and 3 as regards duration (p<0.001), extension (p<0.001), and surgical outcome (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The ferning test of SRF is quick and simple and can be regarded as a useful tool for obtaining information about clinical features, such as duration or extension of first, onset in uncomplicated cases of RRD especially for purposes of forensic medicine.     

FTRaman和FTIR光谱对老年性白内障晶体的研究

目的探讨晶体混浊过程中晶体蛋白成分及其结构变化。方法首次用ＦＴＲａｍａｎ和ＦＴＩＲ（ＦｏｕｒｉｅｒｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍＲａｍａｎａｎｄｉｎｆｒａｒｅｄ）光谱及利用相关峰积分的半定量方法对老年性白内障不同混浊程度的晶体构像变化进行研究。结果按Ｃｈｙｌａｃｋ等的ＬＯＣＳ方法划分为Ⅲ级晶体的两种光谱特性介于０级和Ⅳ或Ⅴ级晶体之间；Ⅳ和Ⅴ级晶体的两种光谱构像非常相似，它们的一些谱峰与０级晶体的有明显区别。两种光谱对它们的检测既有一致性，也有互补性。结论晶体混浊发展不仅与老年性白内障晶体的三种晶体蛋白含量有关，也与其晶体蛋白中的ＳＨ、ｔｒｐ、ｐｈｅ和－ＣＨ２等受到各种损伤有关。     

Modelling postoperative visual acuity with and without proliferative vitreoretinopathy associated with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Purpose

To find models that will explain the variability in postoperative visual acuity (VA) (logarithmic: logMAR) associated with unilateral primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD).

Methods

This was a prospective clinical cohort study of 33 patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR: PVR<C3) and 33 without PVR, all of whom were candidates for scleral buckling (SB) surgery. Central retinal artery (CRA) Doppler sonography parameters (peak systolic, end diastolic velocities and resistibility index) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before SB. Immunoreactive endothelin-1 (IR-ET-1) levels in both plasma and subretinal fluid (SRF) were measured using a radioimmunoassay. Visual outcomes were analysed by stepwise multivariate linear regression. The preoperative parameters used in the analysis included RD duration, IOP, logMAR VA, CRA parameters, preoperative plasma levels and intraoperative levels of IR-ET-1 in the SRF.

Results

The models for 8-month-postoperative logMAR VA demonstrated a predictive power higher than 85%. The values of the 8-month-postoperative logMAR VA were as follows: (a) in No PVR= −0.151+0.06 preoperative duration (days), with a predictive power of 85.3% (b) in PVR= −1.071+0.06 SRF IR-ET-1 (pg/ml)+0.459 preoperative logMAR VA explaining 89.9% of the variability in the postoperative logMAR VA.

Conclusions

The duration of RD and the levels of IR-ET-1 in the SRF appear to be the best explanatory variables in the models for 8-month-postoperative logMAR VA variability in RD patients. RD surgery should be performed as soon as possible to best preserve VA.