两种培养基的培养体系对CIK细胞增殖和功能的影响

目的 观察细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK细胞)增殖情况,检测CIK细胞的表面分子表型和体外对白血病细胞K562的杀伤作用.方法 通过用H3培养基培养的分别来源于脐带血和患者自体外周血分离的单个核细胞(PBMC),添加重组人γ干扰素(IFN-γ)与CD3单抗,体外诱导CIK细胞,在培养的第7天分别加入H3培养基和T551培养基继续诱导培养至14 d.计数观察CIK细胞增殖能力,流式检测细胞表面CD3、CD56的表达情况,CCK8法检测两组培养基条件下对白血病细胞K562的杀伤效果.结果 动态计数及表型分析结果表明,H3及H3+T551培养的CIK细胞扩增倍数(包括脐带血CIK总细胞数和自体CIK总细胞数)在第14天均分别达到76.9倍、62.3倍;两种培养条件下脐带血CIK细胞中CD3+ CD56+双阳性细胞含量分别是(16.70±2.72)％和(10.80±2.59)％,自体CIK细胞中CD3+ CD56+双阳性细胞含量分别是(11.23±6.64)％和(10.70±6.42)％;体外杀瘤实验表明,当效靶比为5∶1时,H3培养的脐带血CIK细胞杀伤率达到(33.50±9.99)％,显著高于H3+T551培养脐带血CIK细胞的(20.3±6.76)％,差异有统计学意义(P=0.011),而H3和H3+T551培养的自体CIK细胞杀伤率分别是(59.67±27.59)％和(42.13±19.47)％,差异无统计学意义(P=0.080).结论 H3培养的脐带血和自体CIK细胞具有较强的体外抗白血病癌细胞活性,可应用于临床上白血病的过继性免疫治疗.     

重组白细胞介素-2对急性白血病及MDS患者NK活性异常的逆转作用

用标准的~(51)Cr 释放法观察了12例急性白血病及白血病前期(MDS)患者的外周单个核细胞(PBMNCs)经重组白细胞介素-2(rIL-2)诱导3～4周后 NK活性及 LAK 活性的变化。结果诱导前 NK 活性(5.3±4.5%)较健康人(56.2±9.9%)明显减低(P<0.01)。rIL-2(1000u//ml)诱导3～4周后 NK 活性(46.9±8.6%)较培养前显著提高(P<0.01)。LAK 活性由0.80±0.83%升高到49.4±9.6%。同时在培养过程中也观察到淋巴细胞逐渐增多,而白血病幼稚细胞逐渐减少。这提示 rIL-2在体外能够逆转急性白血病及 MDS 患者 NK 杀伤功能缺陷,其 LAK 活性的诱导过程也是对白血病细胞的清除过程。     

四种不同组织来源LAK细胞的体外扩增及抗肿瘤作用的比较

目的：比较四种不同组织来源LAK细胞的体外扩增及抗肿瘤作用。方法：选用脐带血制备LAK细胞，并与临床常用的外周血、胎脾及胸腺LAK细胞在体外扩增及抗肿瘤作用方面比较。结果：脐带血的扩增能力显著高于其余3种LAK细胞（P＜0．01），每份脐带血LAK细胞总数可增殖至2．5×1010；抗肿瘤活性以脐带血LAK对SMMC-7221肝癌细胞出现最早（第3d）、活性最强（85％±3％），明显强于其余三者（P＜o．01）；对K562的杀伤作用仍属脐带血LAK最强；而胸腺LAK的活性最弱。结论：脐带血LAK细胞体外增殖快，杀伤活性强，可用于肿瘤的过继性免疫治疗。     

IL-2激活的TIL对自体肿瘤细胞的杀伤活性及其与LAK细胞活性的比较

肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞(TIL)经白细胞介素2(IL-2)体外培养后具有很强的体内外抗肿瘤作用,且有一定的靶细胞特异性,其抗肿瘤效果强于淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞即LAK细胞(P<0.01)。从瘤体中新鲜分离到的TIL对自体肿瘤细胞的杀伤活性极低,经IL-2体外培养后,其杀伤活性逐渐增高,以培养至7～25d的杀伤活性最强,这与IL-2使TIL分泌3种抗癌淋巴因子包括IL-2、IFN-γ、淋巴毒素(LT)增加有关。体外培养25d后,TIL的抗肿瘤活性下降,实验表明这与培养过程中TIL的Lyt-2~+细胞(Tc)减少而L3T4~+细胞(T_H)增多有关。TIL经冻存复苏和IL-2体外培养后仍保持很强的抗肿瘤活性,冻存前后比较未见显著差异(P>0.05),这为间断地运用TIL治疗复发性、晚期肿瘤提供了一条可行的途径。     

舌癌患者CIK细胞的体外培养及其免疫活性

目的研究舌癌患者外周血CIK细胞的增殖能力、细胞表型和细胞毒作用,寻求对舌癌过继免疫治疗的新途径。方法提取20例舌癌患者和20例健康人外周血单核细胞用IFN-γ、抗CD3mAb、IL-2和IL-1β共同培养诱导CIK细胞,流式细胞仪检测细胞表型特征,用MTT法检测细胞对Tca8113的杀伤活性;同时培养舌癌患者LAK细胞、CD3AK细胞和舌癌患者CIK细胞在增殖和杀瘤活性上作比较。结果舌癌患者20ml外周血经过一个周期培养平均获得的CIK细胞数低于健康对照组(P<0.05),但舌癌患者CIK细胞经过周期培养也较培养前的数量明显增高,于12~21d达高峰。舌癌患者CIK细胞与LAK相比,增殖倍数和杀伤活性均明显提高(P<0.05);舌癌患者CIK增殖倍数与CD3AK相比,早期差异无显著性,但后期增殖倍数及杀伤活性有显著提高(P<0.05)。结论舌癌患者CIK细胞体外增殖倍数和杀瘤活性明显优于LAK和CD3AK细胞,低于正常人CIK的增殖能力,而舌癌患者CIK细胞杀伤活性与正常人来源CIK细胞差异无显著性(P>0.05),有望作为自体过继免疫治疗舌癌的一种新方法。     

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞体外扩增及其生物学特性的研究

目的:观察细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK)的体外增殖能力及其生物学特性。方法:取正常成人新鲜血,经密度梯度离心法,利用连续非贴壁的方法获得单个核细胞(PBMC),加入不同的细胞因子(IFN-γ、IL-1β、IL-2、CD3mAb),诱导生成CIK细胞,以LAK细胞作为对照。观察CIK细胞的扩增情况,用流式细胞仪检测其表面标志,MTT法测定其杀瘤活性。结果:诱导16d后,CIK细胞的增殖率达到高峰,具有较强的扩增能力,经过22d培养,总的细胞数可扩增至100多倍;CIK细胞和LAK细胞相比,在前期无明显差异,至18、21d时扩增能力显著高于LAK细胞的扩增倍数(P<0.01)。CIK细胞是一群异质细胞群,CD3 CD56 细胞为其主要的效应细胞,经过22d培养显著增加,为(55.15±5.49)%,其绝对值可增加1500多倍。CIK对A-549细胞的杀伤活性均显著高于LAK细胞(P<0.05),具有较强的杀瘤能力。结论:CIK细胞具有较强的扩增和杀瘤能力,是肿瘤过继免疫治疗中更为有效的杀瘤效应细胞。     

慢性髓性白血病来源的树突状细胞的体外扩增培养

目的 :探讨慢性髓性白血病 (CML)来源的树突状细胞 (DC)的体外扩增及其功能 .方法 :采用两步法 ,首先将慢性髓性白血病骨髓或外周血CD34+ 细胞与rhFlt3 L和rhTPO共育 7d,再用rhGM CSF ,rhTNF α及rhIL 4诱导培养1 4d ;同时以rhGM CSF ,rhTNF α及rhIL 4直接诱导体系作对照 .获得的DC通过免疫表型检测、电镜分析及染色体鉴定 ,并用MTT法检测其刺激T细胞增殖能力及T细胞对CML细胞的杀伤作用 .结果 :两步法培养 2 1d ,CML的CD34+ 细胞扩增 (76 . 5 6± 5 . 1 7)倍 ,DC产率 (39. 1 0± 8. 0 3) % ,直接诱导产生DC扩增倍数及比例均低于两步法 (P <0 . 0 1 ) ,且此DC能刺激自体或异体T细胞增殖进而杀伤CML细胞 .结论 :两步法体外扩增培养可明显提高DC前体总数及产率 ,优于直接诱导培养 ;CML细胞来源的DC可诱导抗白血病免疫应答的产生     

细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞体外增及其生物学特性的研究

目的观察细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK)的体外增殖能力及其生物学特性.方法取正常成人新鲜血,经密度梯度离心法,利用连续非贴壁的方法获得单个核细胞(PBMC),加入不同的细胞因子(IFN-γ、IL-1β、IL-2、CD3mAb),诱导生成CIK细胞,以LAK细胞作为对照.观察CIK细胞的扩增情况,用流式细胞仪检测其表面标志,MTT法测定其杀瘤活性.结果诱导16 d后,CIK细胞的增殖率达到高峰,具有较强的扩增能力,经过22 d培养,总的细胞数可扩增至100多倍;CIK细胞和LAK细胞相比,在前期无明显差异,至18、21 d时扩增能力显著高于LAK细胞的扩增倍数(P＜0.01).CIK细胞是一群异质细胞群,CD3 CD56 细胞为其主要的效应细胞,经过22 d培养显著增加,为(55.15 5.49)%,其绝对值可增加1500多倍.CIK对A-549细胞的杀伤活性均显著高于LAK细胞(P＜0.05),具有较强的杀瘤能力.结论CIK细胞具有较强的扩增和杀瘤能力,是肿瘤过继免疫治疗中更为有效的杀瘤效应细胞.     

香菇多糖与IL-2合用对肺癌浸润淋巴细胞抗瘤活性的影响

目的探讨香菇多糖与IL-2合用对肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)抗瘤活性的影响。方法将TIL分别置于含IL-2或IL-2加香菇多糖培养液中培养30d,观察TIL的扩增能力、抗瘤活性的变化。结果IL-2加香菇多糖培养的Til平均扩增倍数和抗瘤活性均明显高于IL-2培养的TIL。IL-2加香菇多糖培养的TIL对自体瘤细胞,K562和Raji细胞的最大杀伤活性分别为67.18±14.73％,71.25±15.86％和66.15±15.07％;而单纯IL-2培养的TIL对各种靶细胞的最大杀伤活性分别为43.81±12.17％,50.83±13.56％和45.41±13.76％。两组相比,差异显著(P＜0.05)。结论香菇多糖与IL-2合用具有促进TIL扩增,增强其抗瘤活性的作用。     

LAK细胞对直肠腺癌细胞杀伤的观察

采用体外培养方法,在恒温(37℃)和5％CO_2条件下,连续观察LAK细胞对直肠腺癌细胞系(HR8348)的结合率。杀伤活性及杀伤动态。结果表明:HR8348细胞对LAK细胞杀伤较敏感,在相同的效靶比例条件下,4h时效靶细胞结合率为52.0±3.6,LAK细胞杀伤率为49.0±2.3％。效靶细胞结合率及杀伤率呈正相关(P<0.01),LAK细胞的杀伤取决于效靶细胞的稳定结合。LAK细胞杀伤HR8348的动态过程是:效靶细胞主动趋向运动→相互识别→接触与结合→LAK细胞发挥杀伤作用→靶细胞溶解。LAK细胞杀伤作用随效靶共育时间延长乃效靶比例的增高而增强。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.