完全腹膜外腹腔镜疝修补术82例临床总结

目的探讨完全腹膜外腹腔镜疝修补术（total extraperitoneal hernia repair，TEP）的临床价值。方法2005～2007年行TEP手术82例97侧。男76例，女6例。年龄21～88岁，平均52岁。单侧腹股沟斜疝50例、直疝9例，双侧腹股沟斜疝9例，双侧腹股沟斜疝合并直疝6例，复发腹股沟斜疝8例。结果5例因下腹部手术史，腹壁严重粘连，腹膜损伤，其中1例无法修补，中转开放手术；4例以5-0可吸收缝线连续缝合，封闭腹膜破13。手术时间30～180min，平均单侧58min，双侧97min。术后无需使用镇痛剂。住院时间4～12d，平均7d。阴囊血清肿9例，局部穿刺抽液及理疗治愈。82例随访13～38个月，平均26个月，术后无复发。结论TEP是一种安全可靠的疝修补术，创伤小，术后疼痛轻，恢复快，特别适用于复发疝、双侧疝。     

Laparoscopic Extraperitoneal Hernia Repair Versus Open Repair in Boys with Inguinal Hernia: A Meta-Analysis

ObjectivePediatric inguinal hernia is a common surgical problem in boys. Open hernia repair surgery (OH) has been traditionally used to treat this condition, but it leads to complications, such as testicular complications. Laparoscopic hernia repair by using the extraperitoneal method (LHE) is performed through the percutaneous insertion of sutures and extracorporeal closure of patent vaginalis processus; thus, injury to spermatic cord structures is avoided. However, a meta-analysis comparing LHE and OH is lacking.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies. A meta-analysis of the retrieved studies was performed, and a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect size. The primary outcome was testicular complications, including ascending testis, hydrocele, and testicular atrophy. The secondary outcomes were surgical metachronous contralateral inguinal hernia (MCIH), ipsilateral hernia recurrence, and operation time.ResultsIn total, 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 20 non-RCTs involving 17,555 boys were included. The incidence of ascending testis (risk ratio [RR]: 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.18–0.78; p = 0.008) and MCIH (RR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.07–0.43; p = 0.0002) was significantly lower in LHE than in OH. The incidence of hydrocele, testicular atrophy, and ipsilateral hernia recurrence did not differ between LHE and OH.ConclusionCompared with OH, LHE led to fewer or equivalent testicular complications without increasing ipsilateral hernia recurrence. Moreover, MCIH incidence was lower in LHE than in OH. Hence, LHE could be a feasible choice with less invasiveness for inguinal hernia repair in boys.Level of EvidenceTreatment study, LEVEL III.     

Laparoscopic Hernia Repair - Complications

Laparoscopic hernioplasty is a technique which can present a number of specific complications. This paper reviews the complications that can occur during laparoscopic hernia repair and ways to avoid them; it also describes the surgical technique used successfully in over 1000 cases. Initial experience suggests that complications can be avoided with adequate knowledge, attention to surgical anatomy and the proper technique of laparoscopic hernioplasty.Early recurrences are rare and invariably result from inadequate surgical technique. Inadequate fixation of the mesh, inadequate mesh size, and failure to cover unidentified wall defects (hernias which have never been repaired), are the main causes of early recurrence of hernia. Experience, knowledge of complications and how to avoid them, adequate training and attention to the anatomy of the inguinal region are the most important factors in correcting inguinal hernia successfully by laparoscopy.     

Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy Alone or With Laparoscopic Herniorrhaphy

Background and Objectives:

Prostate cancer and inguinal hernia are common health issues in men aged more than 50 years. Recently, more data are accumulating that laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) can be performed in the same operation. The purpose of this study was to compare patients who underwent simultaneous extraperitoneal LRP (E-LRP) and LIHR with control patients who underwent only E-LRP in a matched-pairs design.

Methods:

Medical records of 215 patients were evaluated, and 20 patients who underwent E-LRP+LIHR were compared with 40 patients who underwent only E-LRP in a matched-pairs analysis. Preoperative clinical parameters (age, body mass index, prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, Gleason score of the prostate biopsy, and prostate volume) and operative data (operation time, duration of catheterization, length of hospital stay, estimated blood loss, time to perform the anastomosis and its quality, and the percentage of patients with bilateral lymphadenectomy) were evaluated, as well as postoperative parameters (pathological stage, Gleason score, specimen weight, follow-up duration, biochemical recurrence, complication rates, and duration of postoperative analgesic treatment).

Results:

No statistically significant differences were found in the preoperative and operative parameters between the 2 study groups. Pathological parameters and the follow-up period and complication rates were similar between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:

Performing LIHR and E-LRP during the same operation is safe and feasible in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer and inguinal hernia.     

腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术与Lichtenstein无张力疝修补术的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的探讨腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术和Lichtenstein无张力疝修补术的安全性、可行性及各自优缺点。方法采用前瞻性随机对照研究将2005年3月～2010年3月252例成人腹股沟疝采用信封法随机分成TAPP组（n=84）、TEP组（n=84）及Lichtenstein组（n=84）,比较3组手术时间、术后疼痛评分、术后阴囊血清肿或积液、术后局部皮肤感觉障碍、术后慢性疼痛、术后远期疝复发及住院费用等。结果 168例腹腔镜手术均顺利完成,无中转开放手术。TAPP组和TEP组术后疼痛评分明显低于Lichtenstein组[（2.94±0.99）分vs.（4.25±0.46）分,q=16.434,P〈0.05;（1.98±0.64）分vs.（4.25±0.46）分,q=28.477,P〈0.05],住院费用明显高于Lichtenstein组[（9504±1132）元vs.（5852±864）元,q=33.481,P〈0.05;（9351±985）元vs.（5852±864）元,q=32.079,P〈0.05]。TAPP组和TEP组术后均无复发,显著低于Lichtenstein组4.8%（4/84）（P=0.012）。3组手术时间、术后阴囊血清肿或积液、术后局部皮肤感觉障碍、术后慢性疼痛无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论腹腔镜疝修补术,无论是TAPP还是TEP都是安全可行的,在术后疼痛评分、术后复发方面方面要明显优于Lichtenstein术式,但腹腔镜疝修补术手术费用较高。     

经腹腹膜前腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术（TAPP）502例

目的探讨经腹腹膜前腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术（1aparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair,TAPP）的手术效果。方法2003年3月～2009年8月,行TAPP手术502例（包括双侧110例）,合并胆囊病变18例,慢性阑尾炎1例,同时行腹腔镜胆囊或阑尾切除术。建立CO2气腹后,剪开腹膜并横断疝囊,于腹膜前置入聚丙烯网状补片固定,闭合腹膜。结果本组502例均治愈出院。主要并发症有腹股沟区血肿或积液7．6％（38／502）,尿潴留20．7％（104／502）。479例随访6—86个月,平均32.6月,其中226例〉24个月。近期（术后1个月内）复发1例,远期复发2例,总的复发率为0．6％（3／479）。结论TAPP治疗腹股沟疝是安全有效的,并发症及复发率可以接受。     

腹腔镜下完全腹膜外补片植入术治疗腹股沟疝269例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜下完全腹膜外补片植入术(total extraperitoneal repair,TEP)治疗腹股沟疝的临床效果与经验。方法2004年4月~2006年8月硬膜外麻醉或全麻下,采用食指钝性分离建立空间行腹腔镜TEP治疗腹股沟疝269例(294例次),其中斜疝175例,直疝40例,双侧疝25例,复发疝29例。结果手术均获成功,无中转开放手术;手术时间(63.1±37.5)min,术中出血量(12.3±8.2)ml,术后住院时间(3.7±1.4)d,腹膜撕裂发生率8.2%(24/269),腹股沟血肿发生率2.4%(4/269),异物感发生0.7%(2/269)。269例随访6~12个月(中位时间9个月),复发率1.0%(3/294)。结论TEP治疗腹股沟疝是安全、有效的手术方法。     

完全腹膜外腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术中出血的原因分析及处理

目的 探讨完全腹膜外腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术(total extraperitoneal,TEP)术中出血的原因及处理.方法 回顾性分析我院2010年10月～2012年12月5例TEP术中出血的临床资料.结果 1例“死亡冠”出血中转开放手术止血,2例腹壁下动脉、1例耻骨梳韧带、1例耻骨后静脉丛出血,均成功腔镜下止血成功完成手术.5例术后3个月随访,疝无复发.结论 TEP术中出血主要是外科医生相对不熟悉腔镜修补腹股沟疝的肌耻骨孔后入路的解剖致误操作所致;手术医生应熟悉解剖,手术发生血管并发症时,应冷静、及时分析原因并正确处理,才能确切止血,保证手术成功.     

免气囊分离器无钉合完全腹膜外腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术246例报告

目的探讨免气囊分离器无钉合完全腹膜外腹腔镜疝修补术(laparoscopic total extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy,TEP)的可行性。方法 2006年1月~2009年6月,在全麻下行免气囊分离器无钉合完全腹膜外腹腔镜疝修补术246例(262侧),其中斜疝191侧,直疝71侧。结果手术全部成功,单侧手术时间(68.3±11.8)min(40~100min),术中出血量5~25ml。术后住院时间(4.0±1.5)d(2~7d)。术中腹膜破裂5例,腹壁气肿7例,阴囊血肿或血清肿4例,无其他手术并发症。230例随访时间6~24个月,平均16个月,其中172例12个月,未见复发及腹股沟区慢性疼痛等并发症。结论免气囊无钉合TEP手术安全可行。     

腹腔镜完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术理论与实践（附42例报道）

目的总结分析腹腔镜完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术的理论与手术经验、技巧。方法回顾分析2009年10月至2010年12月42例腹股沟疝患者行腹腔镜完全腹膜外修补术的临床资料,双侧腹股沟疝13例,单侧29例;复发疝6例;斜疝35例,直疝17例,复合疝3例次。结果 42例患者共行55例腹腔镜手术,2例中转为经腹腔腹膜前修补术,手术时间30～120 min（单侧平均35 min,双侧平均70 min）。术后住院时间1～5 d,平均3 d。术后并发腹股沟区血清肿1例,皮下气肿1例。随访1～12个月,无复发病例。结论腹腔镜完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术符合疝修补的理论基础,安全可靠,患者术后疼痛轻、恢复快,应推荐为腹股沟疝修补的首选术式。     

腹腔镜完全腹膜外免钉合腹股沟疝修补术45例

目的探讨腹腔镜完全腹膜外免钉合腹股沟疝修补术的可行性和安全性。方法 2007年1月~2010年3月我院对45例(52侧)腹股沟疝行腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术,用镜头替代气囊分离器分离腹膜前间隙,用预成形巴德3D Max补片无钉合固定。结果 45例手术全部成功,手术时间(65.8±21.8)min,术中出血量(15.3±4.6)ml,术后住院时间(2.7±1.2)d。术后阴囊血清肿1例,局部穿刺抽液3次及理疗1个月后治愈。45例随访1~38个月,平均15.6月,其中随访1年36例,未见复发及腹股沟区慢性疼痛等并发症。结论免钉合TEP是一种可行、安全、有效的无张力疝修补技术。     

自体组织在腹腔镜成人腹股沟疝修补术中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜下使用自体组织修复和加强腹股沟管后壁治疗成人腹股沟疝的可行性。方法2001年1月~2007年9月,选用脐正中襞,脐内、外侧襞,U形皱襞等自体组织,应用腹腔镜三孔法的单人双手操作腔内缝合技术,修补成人腹股沟疝173例(斜疝141例,直疝28例,股疝3例,闭孔疝1例)。结果本组173例均在腹腔镜下完成手术,无中转开放。152例单侧疝手术时间平均25min(10~40min),21例双侧疝手术时间平均40min(20~60min)。并发症包括腹膜后血肿1例,阴囊肿胀3例,鞘膜积液1例,腹股沟区淤血2例,阴囊炎1例。随访时间1~84个月,平均35个月,复发3例。结论腹腔镜下使用自体组织修补成人腹股沟疝的术式是安全可行的,创伤小,恢复快,复发率低。     

免气腹腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术初步体会

目的探讨免气腹装置在腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术（totally extraperitone alapproach,TEP）中的应用价值。方法2007年4～8月,行免气腹TEP30例,同期行气腹TEP52例。对比2组手术时间、住院费用、并发症、住院时间及随访结果。结果与气腹组相比,免气腹组手术时间长[（65.3±19.4）minvs（43.6±21.9）min,t=4.501,P=0.000],但住院费用少[（6186.7±1283.7）元vs（8391.8±850.8）元,t=-9.347,P=0.000]。2组并发症发生率[6.7%（2/30）,vs5.8%（3/52）,χ^2=0.027,P=0.870]和住院时间[（2.1±0.8）dvs（1.8±0.9）d,t=1.513,P=0.134]差异无显著性。2组随访3～7个月,均无复发。结论免气腹TEP有一定的安全性和可操作性,具有TEP补充应用的价值。     

开放与腹腔镜无张力疝修补术治疗老年腹股沟疝的对比研究

目的比较开放和腹腔镜完全腹膜外无张力疝修补治疗老年腹股沟疝的疗效。方法 2006年1月～2010年1月136例老年腹股沟疝行开腹无张力填充式腹股沟疝修补术（开放组,n=72）或腹腔镜完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术（totally extraperitoneal hernioplasty,TEP）（TEP组,n=64）,比较2种术式疗效。结果开放组手术时间（65.3±18.1）min,明显短于TEP组（78.1±12.6）min（t=4.742,P=0.000）。开放组住院费用（4960.2±1033.3）元,明显低于TEP组（6998.0±1632.2）元（t=8.796,P=0.000）。开放组术后24 h和1周疼痛评分明显高于TEP组（Z=-7.144,P=0.000;Z=-6.408,P=0.000）;术后住院时间（4.9±2.4）d明显长于TEP组（3.6±1.5）d（t=-3.733,P=0.000）。136例无严重并发症。开放组72例随访8～46个月,平均15个月,其中〉24个月11例;TEP组64例随访4～35个月,平均14个月,其中〉24个月9例,2组均无术后复发。结论 2种术式治疗老年腹股沟疝是安全有效的。TEP疼痛轻,恢复快,应首选,尤其适用于双侧腹股沟疝修补;开放无张力疝修补术费用低,易开展,非常适用于合并有心肺疾病无法耐受全麻或CO2气腹的老年患者。     

Prolene Hernia System compared with Lichtenstein patch: a randomised double blind study of short-term and medium-term outcomes in primary inguinal hernia repair

Abstract Background. Refinements in the configuration of mesh may ease handling and placement and reduce postoperative discomfort. Material and Methods. A total of 206 patients were randomly and blindly allocated to receive the Prolene Hernia System (PHS) or Lichtenstein patch. Collected data included: surgical incision size, procedure time, pain scores, analgesic medication, complications, return to activity and work, and quality of life as measured by Short-Form 36 on days 3 and 14. Results. Immediate post-operative pain was significantly lower with PHS than with the patch. The proportion of PHS patients taking longer than 3 days to return to normal activity was 15.5%, compared to 28.4% of patch patients. Operating time was significantly shorter with PHS (34.1 vs. 38.3 min). There was no treatment effect on any of the quality of life scales as measured by Short-Form 36. There were two recurrences in the patch group. Conclusions. The study indicates a reduction in operating time (4 min) and postoperative recovery with the PHS compared with patch. Electronic Publication     

改良式腹腔镜腹膜外补片植入法疝修补术

目的探讨改进式腹腔镜腹膜外补片植入法腹股沟疝修补术的可行性及临床意义.方法回顾性分析我院2002年6月～2004年10月13例腹股沟疝进行的腹腔镜下经腹腔腹膜外补片植入法联合腹膜缝合覆盖修补术的临床资料.其中腹股沟斜疝9例,直疝4例;其中复发疝1例;右侧8例,左侧4例,双侧1例.结果手术均获成功,单侧手术时间35～85 min,平均50 min,无一例中转开腹,无术后并发症,术后平均住院时间2 d,13例随访1～28个月,平均12个月,无一例复发.结论腹腔镜下经腹腔途径腹膜外补片植入法联合腹膜缝合覆盖术是一种安全、可靠、疗效显著的腹股沟疝修补方法,具有手术操作简单、创伤小、术后疼痛轻、恢复快等优点,可以代替开放手术,值得推广应用.     

完全腹膜外腹腔镜免气囊免钉合疝修补术112例

目的探讨腹股沟疝完全腹膜外腹腔镜疝修补术（total extraperitoneal hernia repair,TEP）的效果。方法 2007年10月～2011年12月112例行TEP,术中充分游离腹膜前间隙,精索或子宫圆韧带骨骼化,平铺补片免钉合。结果手术时间40～162 min,平均83 min。术后住院时间2～7 d,平均4 d。腹股沟区血肿4例,其中3例保守治疗治愈,1例手术清除后治愈;阴囊气肿2例,术后第2天自愈。105例随访1～44个月,平均23个月,其中76例随访〉24个月：2例复发,其中1例右侧斜疝术后半年同侧直疝复发,另1例左侧直疝术后3个月复发;术后无腹股沟区慢性疼痛,无粘连性肠梗阻。结论 TEP治疗腹股沟疝安全有效,规范操作并正确把握手术指征对顺利开展TEP具有重要意义。     

Telephone Follow-Up by a Midlevel Provider After Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Instead of Face-to-Face Clinic Visit

Methods:This is a retrospective review of consecutive patients who prospectively agreed to undergo telephone follow-up after laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair instead of standard face-to-face clinic visits. Patients received a telephone call from a dedicated physician assistant 2 to 3 weeks after surgery and answered a predetermined questionnaire. A face-to-face clinic visit was scheduled based on the results of the call or on patient request.Results:Of 62 patients who underwent surgery, all agreed to telephone follow-up instead of face-to-face clinic visits. Their mean round-trip distance to the hospital was 122 miles. Fifty-five patients (88.7%) successfully completed planned telephone follow-up. Three patients (4.8%) were lost to follow-up, and 4 (6.5%) were erroneously scheduled for a clinic appointment. Of the 55 patients who were reached by telephone, 50 (90.9%) were satisfied and declined an in-person clinic visit. Five patients (9.1%) returned for a clinic appointment based on concerns raised during the telephone call. Of these, 1 was found to have an early hernia recurrence and 1 had a seroma.Conclusion:Telephone follow-up by a midlevel provider after laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is feasible and effective and is well received by patients.     

Obturator Hernia: Laparoscopic Diagnosis and Repair

Objective:

Review of international literature reveals eight reported cases of laparoscopic obturator hernia repair. Non-specific signs and symptoms make the diagnosis of an obturator hernia difficult. Laparoscopic intervention provides a minimally invasive method to simultaneously diagnose and repair these hernias.

Methods and Procedures:

A 35 year old woman presented with lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and dyspareunia. During gynecological diagnostic laparoscopy, a pelvic floor hernia was suspected, and a general surgical evaluation was sought. At a subsequent laparoscopy, the diagnosis of a left direct inguinal and a right obturator hernia was made. Both were repaired laparoscopically with polypropylene mesh.

Results:

At follow-up at one and six weeks postoperatively, the patient''s complaints of pain had completely resolved.

Conclusion:

The diagnosis of obturator hernia is problematic. The usual presenting signs and symptoms are non-specific. Without conclusive historical or physical findings, laparoscopy is an excellent method for diagnosing obturator hernia. This entity, once diagnosed laparoscopically, can be repaired simultaneously via laparoscopic mesh technique.