MPO、ANCA、SMA及ANA抗体联合检测对自身免疫性肝炎的诊断意义

检测56例自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者、176例非AIH及40例健康体检者中抗髓过氧化物酶(MPO)抗体、抗核抗体(ANA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)和抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体(ANCA)等自身抗体表达.结果 AIH组患者MPO、ANA、SMA及ANCA抗体检出率均明显高于其他非AIH患者及对照组(P均＜0.01).认为MPO抗体联合ANA、SMA及ANCA的检测对诊断、治疗和阻止AIH的发展有着十分重要作用.     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者自身抗体测定的意义

目的:探讨自身抗体测定对诊断原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)的临床意义.方法:PBC患者52例和非PBC患者202例,其中包括自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)41例,原发性硬化型胆管炎(PSC)18例,乙型肝炎(HBV)89例,丙型肝炎(HCV)54例以及健康体检者40例,采用间接免疫荧光法(IIF)检测抗核抗体(ANA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、抗心肌抗体(HRA)、抗骨骼肌抗体(ASA)、抗胃壁细胞抗体(PCA)、抗双链DNA(ds-DNA)抗体、抗肝肾微粒体抗体(LKM)、抗可溶性肝抗原(SLA)抗体和抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体(ANCA)等自身抗体,ELISA法检测抗髓过氧化酶抗体(MPO),并对其结果进行回顾性分析.结果:PBC患者中AMA阳性例数最高为46例(88.5%),ANA阳性率为71.2%(37/52);非PBC患者中阳性例数则分别为20例(9.9%)和51例(25.2%),两组比较,有非常显著性意义(P<0.01).AMA、SMA抗体检测在PBC与AIH患者中,均有非常显著性意义(P<0.01).但两组之间的ANA阳性率无显著性意义(P>0.05).PSC患者18例ANA阳性6例,AMA阳性7例均低于PBC患者.HBV,HCV感染患者检测ANA阳性率分别只有9.0%和22.2%;AMA阳性率也只有7.9%和3.7%,与PBC患者比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01).PBC患者及对照组检测ds-DNA,ANCA,LKM,SLA和MPO抗体结果显示PBC患者检测最高的ANCA阳性率为26.9%(14/52),其次是MPO阳性率为25.0%(13/52),与AIH比较,均有非常显著性意义(P<0.01).结论:血清自身抗体的检测对诊断、治疗和阻止原发性胆汁性肝硬化的发展有着十分重要作用.对提高PBC同其他疾病鉴别诊断和治疗有着非常重要的意义.     

自身免疫性肝炎的最新概念及其分型

近年来,除ANA、SMA、AMA外又相继发现了一些新的自身抗体:LSP、LMA、LKM-1、ASGPR、LCI、SLA、LP抗体等,随着对自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)的亚型分类、遗传背景与发病、与HCV感染的关系等的阐明,得出了该病的新概念:AIH是一组慢性肝炎综合征,病人呈现肝脏本身的免疫耐受性减低,不能正确识别自身肝组织成分而产生自身免疫反应,引起以门脉周围病变为主的非自限性肝炎。目前将其分为3型:①AIH-Ⅰ型,即经典型,主要为ANA或SMA(或actin抗体)阳性,最近又细分为Ⅰa型(ANA阳性)与Ⅰb型(actin抗体阳性);②AIH-Ⅱ型主要为LKM-1抗体阳性,或同时有LCI抗体,近又细分为Ⅱ     

慢性肝病中抗肝抗原自身抗体的检测

目的　探讨中国人不同病因所致慢性肝病患者中抗肝抗原自身抗体的存在状况及自身免疫性肝病的自身抗体特征。方法　 166例肝功能异常患者分为 6组 :自身免疫性肝炎 (AIH ) 12例、原发性胆汁性肝硬化 (PBC) 2 0例、原发性硬化性胆管炎 (PSC)13例、HBV组 66例、HCV组 2 2例、肝豆状核变性 (HDL) 3 9例。用间接免疫荧光法检测抗核抗体 (ANA)、平滑肌抗体 (SMA)、抗肝肾微粒抗体I型抗体 (anti LKM1)、抗线粒体抗体 (AMA)和抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体 (ANCA) ,免疫印迹法检测抗肝细胞胞溶质抗原 1型抗体 (anti_LC1)、抗可溶性肝抗原 /肝胰抗原抗体 (anti_SLA/LP)、抗肝肾微粒抗体 1型 (anti_LKM1)、AMA_M2亚型等多种肝抗原自身抗体。结果　 166例中ANA、AMA、M_2、pANCA阳性率在 7组中有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。PBC中AMA、M 2阳性检出率均为 10 0 % ,PSC中pANCA阳性检出率为 5 3 8% ,Fisher精确检验在a =0 .0 0 2水准与其他各组比较有显著差异。AIH与PBC的ANA阳性率分别为10 0 %和 60 % ,Fisher精确检验在a =0 .0 0 2水准二者无显著差异。与其他各组比较有显著差异。在AIH组SMA阳性率为 2 5 % ,LKM 1、LC 1、SLA/LP阳性率均为 8.3 % ,统计学处理与其他组无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,可能与病例少有关。PBC中分别有 1     

肝功能异常患者中自身抗体及自身免疫性肝病的检测

目的 自身免疫性肝病临床流行病学调查,观察在肝功能异常患者中自身抗体检测的阳性率、自身免疫性肝病检出率及临床意义。方法 连续收集就诊病例中肝功能异常患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)大于40 U/L血清511份,分别进行相关自身抗体(ANA)检测,并查阅临床资料。结果 511份血清检测出ANA阳性率为14.09％,抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)阳性率0,59％,抗线粒体抗体(AMA)阳性率2.94％,抗线粒体抗体亚型-丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物(AMA-M2)阳性率0.98％;ANA谱中的SS-A阳性率0.59％、SS-B阳性率0.20％、JO-1阳性率0.20％,dsDNA阳性率0.78％;未检出抗肝肾微粒体抗体(LKM-1)、可溶性肝抗原/肝胰抗原(SLA/LP)、抗肝细胞溶质抗原1型抗体(LC-1)及ANA谱中其他抗体。从ALT升高的患者中收集到的511份血清,可查到完整临床资料者共469例。原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)及自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者检出率分别为1.06％及0.43％,未检出原发性硬化性胆管炎患者。自身抗体阳性患者77.78％诊断为病毒性肝炎及相关疾病。病毒性肝炎及相关疾病中自身抗体阳性率为18.29％。结论 高滴度(>1:320)自身抗体对自身免疫性肝病诊断有意义。PBC及AIH患者检出率近似丙型及戊型肝炎检出率,临床不能忽视,病毒性肝炎及相关疾病中可检测出自身抗体。     

自身免疫性肝病的自身抗体检测及报告规范

自身抗体对自身免疫性肝病的诊断非常重要。抗线粒体抗体（AMA）及AMA-M2抗体是原发性胆汁性肝硬化（PBC）的诊断指标之一,具早期诊断作用,但与疗效和预后无相关性。PBC患者抗核抗体（ANA）有一定荧光模式,抗sp100和抗gp210对PBC有很高特异性。大部分自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）所出现的自身抗体缺乏疾病特异性,ANA和抗平滑肌抗体也可见于其他多种肝病。参照自身抗体将AIH分为两型,抗-SLA对AIH有极高特异性,阳性者病情多较重。自身抗体主要检测方法为间接免疫荧光法（IIF）、ELISA和免疫印迹法。ANA标准检测程序应为：IIF法对标本筛查,而后对必要者进行特异性ANA谱定量或半定量检测。自身抗体的室间质量评价是质量控制措施之一。     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者的免疫学特点分析

目的 分析原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)出现的自身抗体等免疫学指标及其临床意义。 方法对3000例肝功能异常患者采用间接免疫荧光法检测抗核抗体(ANA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)和抗肝肾微粒体抗体(抗-LKM)等,并对ANA和AMA亚型及抗可溶性肝抗原/肝胰抗原(抗-SLA/LP)、LKM-1和抗肝特异性胞浆抗原型1抗体(抗-LC-1)等肝脏疾病相关的自身抗体进行了检测。结果 3000例肝病患者中,PBC 52例占1.7％。PBC患者的AMA和AMA-M2抗体均为阳性,52例PBC中,94.0％呈AMA高滴度(≥1:320)阳性,79.0％M2>200 RU/L,78.0％ANA阳性。ANA的主要荧光模式为细胞核膜型、细胞核点型和着丝点型。少见的荧光模式有抗干燥综合征A/B(SS-A/SS-B)、细胞核均质型、核仁型及颗粒型等。PBC患者免疫球蛋白M、碱性磷酸酶和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶高于乙型肝炎肝硬化患者;其白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子α和干扰素γ水平高于正常人。5例表现为自身免疫性肝病重叠综合征,其中2例抗-SLA/LP阳性,提示PBC与自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)3型的重叠;1例抗-LKM-1阳性,提示PBC与AIH 2型的重叠;2例ANA阳性,且肝活体组织检查证实存在AIH和PBC的病理改变,提示为PBC与AIH 1型的重叠综合征。 结论 PBC在我国肝病患者中约占1％~2％。临床已出现典型症状者一     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者自身抗体检测及其临床意义

目的 探讨血清自身抗体对原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)的诊断及其临床意义.方法 对PBC患者采用间接免疫荧光、免疫印迹法检测抗核抗体(ANA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA),并对AMAM2亚型及其抗可溶性肝抗原/肝胰抗原(SLA/Le)、抗肝肾微粒体Ⅰ型(LKM-1)和抗肝特异性胞浆Ⅰ型抗体(LC-1)等肝脏疾病相关的自身抗体进行检测.结果 PBC患者自身抗体以AMA和AMAM2亚型为主.其阳性率分别为96.5%和93.1%.患者的抗体滴度均大于1:100,其中有8例出现ANA和SMA,1例出现AMA和SLA/LP同时阳性,表现与Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型自身免疫性肝炎重叠,另有19例AMAM2阳性患者进行肝穿病理检查时,12例(63.7%)患者病理提示符合PBC诊断.结论 自身抗体对PBC有诊断意义,注重自身抗体的检测对明确自身免疫性肝病有重要的临床意义.     

自身抗体检测对肝病患者的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨自身抗体检测在鉴别诊断自身免疫性肝病(autoimmune liver disease,ALD)与慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者中的价值。方法回顾性分析2011年5月-2014年8月经枣阳市第一人民医院确诊的ALD患者215例,其中自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)患者122例,原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者93例,同时选取CHB患者453例,采用间接免疫荧光法和免疫印迹法检测ANA、AMA、SMA、抗SLA/LP、抗LKM-1、抗LC-1及AMA-M2。比较3组患者的ALT、AST、ALP、GGT水平。结果 AIH组、PBC组患者的ALT、AST、ALP、GGT含量高于CHB组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);ALD患者ANA总阳性率为83.26%,高于CHB组(15.01%)(P0.05);AIH组ANA、AMA、SMA、抗SLA/LP、抗LKM-1、抗LC-1及AMA-M2阳性率分别为79.51%、14.75%、45.90%、16.39%、12.30%、6.565%、3.28%;PBC组ANA、AMA、SMA、抗SLA/LP、AMA-M2阳性率分别为88.17%、94.62%、11.83%、3.23%、94.62%;AIH组和PBC组ANA阳性检出率显著高于CHB组(P0.05)。AIH组和PBC组ANA滴度大于1∶320的比率显著高于CHB组(P0.05)。结论自身抗体检测是诊断ALD的必要条件,对ALD和CHB的鉴别诊断有重要临床意义。     

原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者特异性自身抗体的实验研究

目的探讨原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者自身抗体相关性及临床意义。方法采用免疫印迹法及间接免疫荧光法检测48例PBC、182例非PBC患者及50例健康对照抗线粒体抗体M2亚型(AMA-M2)、抗核包膜蛋白抗体(GP210)、抗核多点抗体(SP100)、抗核抗体(ANA)、抗双链DNA抗体(ds-DNA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)及抗细胞质抗体(ACYA)等自身抗体并观察其临床评估指标,对其结果进行回顾性分析。结果48例PBC患者ANA、AMA、SMA、ACYA及ds-DNA抗体阳性率分别为41.7%、93.8%、12.5%、79.2%和2.1%;ANA、AMA、SMA和ACYA与对照组比较,P均<0.01;AMA和ACYA与非PBC组比较,P均<0.01。48例PBC患者AMA-M2、GP210及SP100抗体阳性率分别为68.8%、41.7%和16.7%;与非PBC组和对照组比较,P均<0.01。结论检测AMA-M2、GP210、SP100和AMA等自身抗体对PBC的诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后具有重要的作用,可提高PBC诊疗水平。     

输血前11606例患者HIV和HCV及TP抗体检测结果分析

目的为避免因输血传播疾病引起医疗纠纷和防止职业感染。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验对2010-01～2011-03 11 606例就医患者进行输血前人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体、梅毒螺旋体(TP)抗体三项指标筛查。结果共检出阳性例数856例。结论患者输血前进行三项感染性指标检测,对诊断和预防医患交叉感染、减少医疗纠纷的发生具有重要意义。     

Determination of antiplatelet antibody activity in sera cytotoxic for human lymphocytes

Pooled serum aliquots obtained from sensitized potential renal allograft recipients on chronic hemodialysis were evaluated for their lymphocytotoxicity titers against the lymphocytes and then for alloantibodies against the platelets of 7 random donors by 5 methods. Platelet donor specific lymphocytotoxicity was present in 93% of 42 combinations. Of the positive combinations, 57% had a positive test for antiplatelet activity by the 14C serotonin release assay, 16% by the platelet aggregation method, and 19% as judged by acid phosphatase availability on the platelet membrane. No serum tested released beta-glucoronidase or lactic dehydrogenase. No correlation of the height of the titer of antiplatelet activity with that for lymphocytoxicity was detected. Thus, even in sera demonstrating significant activity against donor lymphocyte antigens, detection of associated platelet antibody activity is not uniform. Thus, a positive lymphocytoxic titer does not necessarily predict detectable antiplatelet activity. Therefore, additional tests for detection of antiplatelet activity should also be considered. This study shows that of the tests evaluated, the 14C serotonin release assay is the most sensitive for detection of antiplatelet antibodies.     

Pentameric complex of viral glycoprotein H is the primary target for potent neutralization by a human cytomegalovirus vaccine

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause serious morbidity/mortality in transplant patients, and congenital HCMV infection can lead to birth defects. Developing an effective HCMV vaccine is a high medical priority. One of the challenges to the efforts has been our limited understanding of the viral antigens important for protective antibodies. Receptor-mediated viral entry to endothelial/epithelial cells requires a glycoprotein H (gH) complex comprising five viral proteins (gH, gL, UL128, UL130, and UL131). This gH complex is notably missing from HCMV laboratory strains as well as HCMV vaccines previously evaluated in the clinic. To support a unique vaccine concept based on the pentameric gH complex, we established a panel of 45 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from a rabbit immunized with an experimental vaccine virus in which the expression of the pentameric gH complex was restored. Over one-half (25 of 45) of the mAbs have neutralizing activity. Interestingly, affinity for an antibody to bind virions was not correlated with its ability to neutralize the virus. Genetic analysis of the 45 mAbs based on their heavy- and light-chain sequences identified at least 26 B-cell linage groups characterized by distinct binding or neutralizing properties. Moreover, neutralizing antibodies possessed longer complementarity-determining region 3 for both heavy and light chains than those with no neutralizing activity. Importantly, potent neutralizing mAbs reacted to the pentameric gH complex but not to gB. Thus, the pentameric gH complex is the primary target for antiviral antibodies by vaccination.Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important pathogen in transplant patients (1–5), and its infection can lead to invasive end-organ diseases, such as pneumonitis and hepatitis, as well as vascular pathology contributing to graft failure (4, 6, 7). HCMV is also the most common cause of in utero viral infections in North America and Europe, affecting 0.5–2% of newborns annually (8–10). Congenital HCMV infection can lead to symptomatic diseases at birth and also cause developmental disabilities in children (10, 11). Maternal seropositivity before conception protects against congenital transmission (12, 13), and both maternal humoral and cellular immunity are likely to contribute to the protection (14–16). Antibodies in particular are important for preventing congenital infection, serving as the first line of defense against maternal infection. It may also play a role in preventing transmission to the fetus, supported by the results of a small, nonrandomized study in pregnant women with primary HCMV infection, in which the passive immunity of monthly infusions of HCMV hyperimmune human IgG (HCMV-HIG) (200 mg/kg maternal weight) was ∼60% effective in protecting against congenital HCMV infection (17, 18). These studies suggest that it is feasible to develop a vaccine for preventing congenital HCMV infection and its sequelae. However, despite the fact that the Institute of Medicine has identified development of an effective vaccine for prevention of congenital HCMV as a top priority since 1999 (19), progress toward this goal has only been incremental (8, 20, 21). One of the hurdles to the efforts is our limited understanding of component of natural immunity associated with protection against HCMV infection.HCMV is a large, complex virus, with a genome capable of encoding >150 proteins (22–26). Because of the strict species specificity, options of animal models for HCMV research are limited (27). Thus, the functions of most HCMV antigens in viral infection in vivo and their roles as targets for host immunity are poorly understood. Furthermore, culture systems of single cell types have limitations for studying HCMV pathogenesis. Immunohistochemistry studies showed that HCMV can infect varieties of cells in vivo, including endothelial, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and leukocytes (28–36). Many HCMV end-organ diseases, such as pneumonitis and gastroenteritis, are due to infection of the epithelial/endothelial cells in the affected organ (35–39). However, common laboratory strains, such as AD169 and Towne, were culture-adapted in fibroblast cells, with genomic mutations (22, 24, 40) and, more importantly, have lost their tropism to endothelial and epithelial cells, in contrast to pathogenic clinical isolates (32, 33, 41, 42).Loss of viral tropism to endothelial and epithelial cells was mapped to various mutations in the viral UL131-128 locus, and these mutations abrogated the expression of the pentameric glycoprotein H (gH) complex, composed of gH, gL, UL128, UL130, and UL131 proteins, a determinant for viral tropism to endothelial and epithelial cells (42–44). Because the pentameric gH complex is missing in common laboratory strains (42, 43), its importance in viral tropism, viral pathogenesis, and vaccine design was not fully appreciated until recently (42, 45). With this understanding, it is not surprising that Towne virus and recombinant glycoprotein B (gB) vaccines, although with ∼50% efficacy against primary infection in the clinic (46–49), induced poor neutralizing titers against viral infection of epithelial cells, in contrast to immune sera from HCMV-seropositive donors (50, 51). Thus, missing the pentameric gH complex is likely a deficiency in antigen composition for both vaccines (50). Studies of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from HCMV-seropositive donors or polyclonal IgG enriched for antigen specificity supported the hypothesis that the pentameric gH complex, not gB, appears to be important for neutralizing activity in human subjects with natural infection (52).We recently described an experimental vaccine virus in which expression of the pentameric gH complex was restored (53). Unlike the parental AD169 virus and the recombinant gB vaccine, this virus can elicit high levels of neutralizing antibodies in rabbits and rhesus macaques (53). To support clinical development of this vaccine centered its concept on the pentameric gH complex, we established a comprehensive panel of 45 mAbs from a single rabbit that received vaccination. Of the 45 mAbs, 25 had neutralizing activity against viral entry in epithelial cells, including 11 elite neutralizers with ≥10-fold greater potency than HCMV-HIG. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that all elite neutralizers preferentially bound to the virus expressing the pentameric gH complex, and the majority of elite neutralizers (8 of 11) specifically recognized a recombinant form of the pentameric gH complex. Interestingly, binding affinity for intact virions was not correlated with neutralizing activity. Moreover, genetic analysis of the 45 mAbs based on their heavy- and light-chain sequences identified at least 26 B-cell linage groups characterized by distinct binding or neutralizing properties. In addition, neutralizing antibodies had longer complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) for both heavy and light chains than those of antibodies with no neutralizing activity. These data establish the importance of the pentameric gH complex as the primary target for potent neutralizing antibodies by vaccination, and support development of an experimental HCMV vaccine featuring the pentameric gH complex.     

From the Cover: Construction of a rationally designed antibody platform for sequencing-assisted selection

Antibody discovery platforms have become an important source of both therapeutic biomolecules and research reagents. Massively parallel DNA sequencing can be used to assist antibody selection by comprehensively monitoring libraries during selection, thus greatly expanding the power of these systems. We have therefore constructed a rationally designed, fully defined single-chain variable fragment (scFv) library and analysis platform optimized for analysis with short-read deep sequencing. Sequence-defined oligonucleotide libraries encoding three complementarity-determining regions (L3 from the light chain, H2 and H3 from the heavy chain) were synthesized on a programmable microarray and combinatorially cloned into a single scFv framework for molecular display. Our unique complementarity-determining region sequence design optimizes for protein binding by utilizing a hidden Markov model that was trained on all antibody-antigen cocrystal structures in the Protein Data Bank. The resultant ∼10¹²-member library was produced in ribosome-display format, and comprehensively analyzed over four rounds of antigen selections by multiplex paired-end Illumina sequencing. The hidden Markov model scFv library generated multiple binders against an emerging cancer antigen and is the basis for a next-generation antibody production platform.     

Anti-endothelial cell antibodies to the endothelial hybridoma cell line (EAhy926) in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with antiphospholipid antibodies

The endothelial hybridoma (EAhy926) cell line was employed to clarify whether antiphospholipid antibodies (aPA) [lupus anticoagulant (LA), antiprothrombin antibody (aPT) and/or anticardiolipin antibody (aCL)] and anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) are identical, and establish whether β₂-glycoprotein I (β₂-GPI) is needed for reactivity of aPA to endothelial cells. Ig-G AECA was positive in 9/30 SLE patients with aPA (30.0%) and 10/22 SLE patients negative for aPA (45.5%). Ig-M AECA was positive in one SLE patient with aPA and one SLE patient without aPA. AECA-positivity was not significantly different among unfixed, TNF-stimulated and fixed EAhy926. The influence of β₂-GPI on the reactivity of serum to EAhy926 was minimal, and absorption experiments of serum with cardiolipin-liposome/β₂-GPI or phosphatidylserine-liposome/prothrombin gave little evidence of cross-reactivity of aPA and AECA. The results of our study suggest that aPA and AECA may have partially cross-reacted, but were different antibodies. However, further study is needed to clarify the clinico-pathological significance of AECA.     

噬菌体抗体库的构建及人源抗内毒素类脂A抗体的筛选

目的寻找一种治疗内毒素血症及其并发症较为有效的途径.方法从感染革兰阴性杆菌J7患者体内含有内毒素类脂A抗体的淋巴细胞中提取mRNA,经反转录再从IgG重链Fd两端及轻链通用引物分别扩增Fab基因片段,依次插入到噬菌体载体pCOMR3中,电穿孔转入大肠杆菌XL-blue,经辅助病毒VCSM13感染,重组噬菌体溶源裂解.结果Fab抗体表达于噬菌体CPⅢ的N端,噬菌体抗体库的容量为4.8×106,筛选出抗内毒素类脂A抗体,经LPS蛋白对噬菌体抗体库进行3轮淘选,使抗内毒素类脂A的特异性抗体得到100倍的富集.结论通过直接和竞争ELISA实验筛选出3株结合活性好的特异性抗体,为下一步应用研究奠定了基础.     

The influence of anti-endothelial/antiphospholipid antibodies on fibrin formation and lysis on endothelial cells

The prothrombotic mechanisms associated with antiphospholipid antibodies remain incompletely defined. Antibody binding to endothelial cells in vitro is a feature of antiphospholipid antibody-positive sera. We hypothesised that impairment of endothelium-dependent fibrinolysis by antiphospholipid/anti-endothelial antibodies is a contributory factor in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. We also aimed to confirm the displacement of annexin-V from endothelial cells and enhanced fibrin formation. Binding of immunoglobulin (Ig) from antiphospholipid antibody-positive sera to endothelial cells was examined using a cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effects on fibrin formation and lysis were examined on cultured endothelial cell monolayers. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was assayed in supernatants. We confirmed antibody binding to endothelial cells. With four of 14 antiphospholipid antibody-positive sera there was some prolongation of fibrin clot lysis time, consistent with impairment of endothelial fibrinolytic activity. Secretion of PAI-1 was significantly correlated with clot lysis time on endothelial cell monolayers incubated with antiphospholipid/anti-endothelial antibody-positive sera, but not with control sera. IgG from antiphospholipid antibody-positive sera had little effect on endothelial cell surface annexin-V expression. We conclude that impaired endothelial fibrinolysis is a potential prothrombotic mechanism in subjects with antiphospholipid antibodies. We were unable to confirm enhanced displacement of annexin-V from endothelium by antiphospholipid antibodies.     

类风湿关节炎血清学早期诊断

目的 探索抗核周因子（ＡＰＦ）、抗角蛋白抗体（ＡＫＡ）、抗Ｓａ抗体及抗ＲＡ３３／３６抗体检测对ＲＡ的早期诊断价值。方法 对未肯定诊断的关节痛／关节炎病人１１６例进行上述四种抗体检测并随访观察。ＡＰＦ和ＡＫＡ用间接免疫荧光法进行检测。抗Ｓａ抗体和抗ＲＡ３３／３６抗体用免疫印迹法检测。结果 对１１６例未肯定诊断的关节痛／关节患者随访４￣１８个月。ＡＰＦ阳性的２９例中,最后确诊为ＲＡ２０（６９％）;ＡＫ     

单克隆抗独特型抗体NP30用于日本血吸虫病血清学诊断的研究

本研究用单克隆抗独特型抗体NP30与日本血吸虫肠相关抗原(GAA)和可溶性虫卵抗原(SEA)检测了702份不同病期及正常人群中的血清抗体,结果显示,在急性感染时,NP30抗体的检出率为98％,与GAA(94％)和SEA(98％)的无差别。在慢性感染时NP30抗体的检出率为87％,与GAA(86％)的无差别,但低于SEA(98％)的。在正常人群中,上述3种的抗体假阳性率均为3％左右,无差别。NP30的抗体滴度几何均数在急性血吸虫感染时高于GAA的,低于SEA的,在慢性感染时低于后两者,提示NP30的抗体在血吸虫感染期间出现比较早,消退较快。上述结果提示,NP30可以替代虫源性抗原,用于日本血吸虫病诊断。