胚胎无瘢痕愈合的调控机制研究（Ⅲ）：胎儿皮肤成纤维细胞体外合成透明质酸的特点

目的 探讨胎儿、成人正常皮肤、增生性瘢痕三种不同来源成纤维细胞的透明质酸合成特点。方法 将细胞上清液分为游离组（未处理组）和组合组（盐酸胍及木瓜蛋白酶处理组），用透明质酸结合蛋白技术分别对透明质酸含量进行放免测定。结果胚胎组游离透明质酸含量高于成人组（P＜0．001），而与瘢痕组无明显差异。瘢痕组总的透明质酸含量明显高于成人组和胚胎组（P＜0．001），后两总量无差异。结论 胚胎合成游离透明质酸较多，可能和胚胎创伤无瘢痕愈合密切相关，然而瘢痕的过度增生也有游离及总的透明质酸增高的因素存在。     

胚胎无瘢痕愈合的调控机制研究(Ⅲ):胎儿皮肤成纤维细胞体外合成透明质酸的特点

目的探讨胎儿、成人正常皮肤、增生性瘢痕三种不同来源成纤维细胞的透明质酸合成特点。方法将细胞上清液分为游离组(未处理组)和结合组(盐酸胍及木瓜蛋白酶处理组),用透明质酸结合蛋白技术分别对透明质酸含量进行放免测定。结果胚胎组游离透明质酸含量高于成人组(P<0.001),而与瘢痕组无明显差异。瘢痕组总的透明质酸含量明显高于成人组和胚胎组(P<0.001),后两者总量无差异。结论胚胎合成游离透明质酸较多,可能和胚胎创伤无瘢痕愈合密切相关,然而瘢痕的过度增生也有游离及总的透明质酸增高的因素存在。     

牙源性颌面部皮肤窦道23例误诊原因分析

口腔颌面部皮肤窦道与相应部位的患牙有密切关系 ,但临床上常被误诊。本文总结了我院自 1994年 7月～ 1999年 12月资料完整的 2 3例误诊病例 ,以供非专科医生借鉴。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　男 14例 ,女 9例 ;年龄 11～ 4 9岁 ,其中 30岁以下 18例 ,占 78 3%。病程 5个月～ 6年。1 2　患牙与瘘口情况　慢性尖周炎 17例 ,残根 6例。17例慢性尖周炎中 ,9例未行根管治疗 ;行根管治疗的8例 ,摄Ｘ线牙片示 5例为根管充填不到位 ,3例为根管漏充填。皮肤窦口与患牙的对应关系见表 1。表 1　 2 3例皮肤窦道与患牙的关系颌面部窦口部位例数患牙部位…     

微针注射透明质酸治疗敏感性皮肤的效果及其对皮肤屏障功能的效果观察

目的 观察透明质酸经微针注射及外用对敏感性皮肤的皮肤屏障功能的效果及安全性.方法 入选2020年5月～2020年10月在长沙美莱医疗美容医院非手术中心就诊的敏感性皮肤的30例患者.患者均透明质酸微针导入治疗.结果 痊愈2例,显效15例,有效13例,无效0例,总有效率为100％.患者主观感受及客观体征均较治疗前明显改善,...     

透明质酸促进猪皮肤创面愈合的形态学研究

目的：探讨外源性透明质酸对创面愈合组织形态学方面的影响。方法：在小型猪背部去中厚皮片后的创面上应用不同含量、剂型的外源性透明质酸，于术后第3，7，14，21及28天观察创面的愈合情况及其组织学变化。结果：实验组创面的上皮化速度快，真皮中胶原纤维排列有序，其愈合后的组织结构更接近正常皮肤。结论：外源性透明质酸能促进皮肤创面愈合，并能减少瘢痕形成。     

透明质酸支架构建工程化肝组织小块的初步研究

目的探索肝窦血管内皮细胞和肝细胞与透明质酸支架复合后构建工程化肝组织小块的可行性。方法分离小鼠肝细胞和肝窦血管内皮细胞，分别种植于透明质酸海绵状支架上培养，形成支架材料-细胞复合体，植于小鼠肝包膜下肝组织表面。2周后将支架取出观察植入效果。结果分离获得的肝细胞和肝窦血管内皮细胞活力较高。构建的支架-细胞复合物植入体内后与宿主肝组织紧密融合，可见移植物内有微血管形成，血管周围肝细胞聚集生长，结构类似正常肝组织。结论利用透明质酸支架复合肝窦血管内皮细胞和肝细胞构建工程化肝组织小块的方法可行。     

高分辨率MR成像在颌面部皮肤肿瘤中的应用价值

目的探讨术前运用显微线圈进行高分辨率磁共振成像(HR-MRI)判断颌面部皮肤原发肿瘤厚度及侵犯层次的价值。方法纳入有手术病理证实的15例皮肤肿瘤患者,术前均行HR-MRI检查,由两名放射科医生分别于MR图像上(T1WI及T2WI序列)测量原发肿瘤的厚度及记录病灶侵犯皮肤及皮下的层次,并将结果与作为金标准的组织病理学结果进行对比。使用一致性相关系数(CCC)及Bland-Altman图示分析法评估二者测量结果之间的相关性,使用组内相关系数(ICC)评估观察者内的可重复性。结果HR-MRI深度与病理深度的一致性较好(CCC>0.95),并以T1WI序列上测量结果的一致性最佳,Bland-Altman图示分析法未发现二者测量结果间有显著临床意义的偏倚。观察者内的ICC均大于0.98,具有较高的可重复性。且HR-MRI上判断的病灶侵犯层次均与手术病理学结果一致。结论高分辨率MR成像是一种无创、准确、可靠的判断颌面部皮肤肿瘤浸润厚度及侵犯层次的方法。     

胎儿和成人皮肤相关基因的差异表达

背景:胎儿皮肤创伤后无瘢痕愈合是胎儿发育过程特定阶段的特殊现象,其机制目前尚未明确,可能与调控基因的表达有关。目的:运用人类基因芯片技术,研究人胎儿及成人正常皮肤差异表达基因及其特征和可能的生物学意义。方法:选择人胎儿(孕20～24周)皮肤和成人(18～48岁)皮肤各10例,提取各标本的总DNA与RNA,制成荧光标记的cDNA探针,与含10724个人类靶基因的芯片杂交,经扫描、生物信息学分析,比较两种组织基因的差异表达。结果与结论:基因芯片高通量地揭示了胎儿及成人正常皮肤基因信息的差异表达。与成人正常皮肤比较,胎儿皮肤基因显著差异表达83个,已明确功能基因26个,涉及多种信号传递及基因调控的改变。说明胎儿与成人正常皮肤差异表达基因的存在在一定程度上导致了胎儿创伤的无瘢痕愈合。     

胎儿和成人皮肤相关基因的差异表达

背景：胎儿皮肤创伤后无瘢痕愈合是胎儿发育过程特定阶段的特殊现象,其机制目前尚未明确,可能与调控基因的表达有关。目的：运用人类基因芯片技术,研究人胎儿及成人正常皮肤差异表达基因及其特征和可能的生物学意义。方法：选择人胎儿（孕20～24周）皮肤和成人（18～48岁）皮肤各10例,提取各标本的总DNA与RNA,制成荧光标记的cDNA探针,与含10724个人类靶基因的芯片杂交,经扫描、生物信息学分析,比较两种组织基因的差异表达。结果与结论：基因芯片高通量地揭示了胎儿及成人正常皮肤基因信息的差异表达。与成人正常皮肤比较,胎儿皮肤基因显著差异表达83个,已明确功能基因26个,涉及多种信号传递及基因调控的改变。说明胎儿与成人正常皮肤差异表达基因的存在在一定程度上导致了胎儿创伤的无瘢痕愈合。     

平阳霉素治疗颌面部血管瘤的临床分析

口腔颌面部的血管瘤以海绵状血管瘤和毛细血管瘤常见。本文应用平阳霉素治疗海绵状血管瘤，与以往手术治疗相比较效果较好，现总结报告如下。     

Hyaluronic acid signals for repair in ethanol-induced apoptosis in skin cells in vitro

Ethanol is commonly used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to assess ethanol-induced apoptosis and the possible repair by hyaluronic acid (HA) in vitro. In addition we aimed to determine the modulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-α).Design and methodsWe treated human A431 epidermoid skin cells and mouse fibroblasts with two concentrations of ethanol for 24 h. HA obtained from umbilical cord excision was used at three concentration levels (2%, 4% and 8%) to determine its efficacy in the treatment. We measured cytotoxicity, TNF-α and IFN-α and visualized the cultures by electron microscopy.ResultsTreatment of cells with ethanol at 50 mM and 100 mM increased both the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis, as well as the release of TNF-α into the culture medium.ConclusionsEthanol may induce apoptosis in skin cells by enhancing the effects of TNF-α. HA in the 2% and 4% concentrations reduced TNF-α and morphological inflammation both in human A431 epidermoid skin cells and in mouse fibroblasts.     

Hyaluronic acid: a new trend to cure skin injuries an observational study

The authors made an observational study to evaluate the efficiency of Jaloplast (hyaluronic acid AH) as treatment for skin injuries having different etiologies. The authors highlight its results regarding cicatrisation (69%) and the improvement of lesions (15.38%). Moreover 80% of lesions have cicatrized in a time less than 11 weeks, without showing any adverse effects nor secondary effects. From these observations, the authors deduce the importance of this molecule formed by glucosamine glycane (hyalyuronate) at the organic level in general and specifically in the process of cicatrisation.     

Hyaluronic acid capsule and the role of streptococcal entry into keratinocytes in invasive skin infection.

It has been suggested that entry of pathogenic bacteria, including streptococci, into epithelial cells may represent an early stage of invasive infections. We found that poorly encapsulated wild-type strains and unencapsulated mutants of group A Streptococcus entered cultured human keratinocytes with high efficiency, while strains that produced large amounts of hyaluronic acid capsule did not, regardless of M-protein type or clinical source of the isolate. However, encapsulated streptococci produced extensive local necrosis and systemic infection in a mouse model of skin infection, while an isogenic acapsular strain did not. The results implicate the hyaluronic acid capsule as a virulence factor in soft tissue infection. Entry of poorly encapsulated group A Streptococcus into human epithelial cells does not appear to represent an initial step in invasive disease; rather, the capacity of encapsulated strains to avoid uptake by epithelial cells is associated with enhanced virulence in skin and soft tissue infection.     

Hyaluronic acid in supragingival dental calculus.

A method is described for the isolation of heteropolysaccharides from human supragingival calculus. One component was identified as hyaluronic acid, by electrophoretic mobility, testicular hyaluronidase digestion and cetylpyridinium chloride profiles. No sulphated glycosaminoglycans were detected.     

透明质酸与创伤无瘢痕愈合

介绍透明质酸(HA)在胎儿无瘢痕愈合中的作用和机制,分析透明质酸刺激因子、透明质酸结合蛋白、透明质酸酶与透明质酸含量的关系。(1)胚胎伤口愈合过程中HA含量高;(2)透明质酸刺激因子、透明质酸结合蛋白、透明质酸酶影响HA,也就影响愈合结果。     

Hyaluronic acid enhances gene delivery into the cochlea

Cochlear gene therapy can be a new avenue for the treatment of severe hearing loss by inducing regeneration or phenotypic rescue. One necessary step to establish this therapy is the development of a safe and feasible inoculation surgery, ideally without drilling the bony cochlear wall. The round window membrane (RWM) is accessible in the middle-ear space, but viral vectors placed on this membrane do not readily cross the membrane to the cochlear tissues. In an attempt to enhance permeability of the RWM, we applied hyaluronic acid (HA), a nontoxic and biodegradable reagent, onto the RWM of guinea pigs, prior to delivering an adenovirus carrying enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter gene (Ad-eGFP) at the same site. We examined distribution of eGFP in the cochlea 1 week after treatment, comparing delivery of the vector via the RWM, with or without HA, to delivery by a cochleostomy into the perilymph. We found that cochlear tissue treated with HA-assisted delivery of Ad-eGFP demonstrated wider expression of transgenes in cochlear cells than did tissue treated by cochleostomy injection. HA-assisted vector delivery facilitated expression in cells lining the scala media, which are less accessible and not transduced after perilymphatic injection. We assessed auditory function by measuring auditory brainstem responses and determined that thresholds were significantly better in the ears treated with HA-assisted Ad-eGFP placement on the RWM as compared with cochleostomy. Together, these data demonstrate that HA-assisted delivery of viral vectors provides an atraumatic and clinically feasible method to introduce transgenes into cochlear cells, thereby enhancing both research methods and future clinical application.     

透明质酸与关节软骨损伤的修复

成人关节软骨损伤后自我修复能力非常有限。透明质酸钠作为一种独特的线性黏多糖,是构成关节软骨和滑液的主要成分。许多动物实验与临床应用研究已证明,关节内应用透明质酸钠有明显的营养、润滑软骨和止痛效果。目前有许多促进软骨再生的研究,采用的方法也不尽相同,但效果均不理想。如关节软骨的移植方法受到软骨来源的极大限制,软骨刨刮、软骨下骨钻孔、磨造、凝胶或纤维植入、电磁场、激光刺激等方法的确切效果还未能得到广泛认可。组织工程学及多肽生长因子的研究尚未成熟,要将它们应用于骨关节疾病的临床治疗还受到诸多因素的影响和限制。透明质酸作为一种经济、安全、有效的生物制剂,完全可以利用其来源广泛、提纯简便、用药方法安全易行、价格适宜的特点在关节软骨损伤修复领域发挥更大的作用。