阵发性心房颤动患者P波离散度分析

为探讨P波离散度与阵发性心房颤动的关系及 胺碘酮对P波离散度的影响。我们测量了126例阵发 性心房颤动患者窦性心律的12导联心电图的P_(max)及 P波离散度(Pdisp),用胺碘酮后再次测量P_(max)及 Pdisp。结果证明,Pdisp是预测阵发性心房颤动的体 表心电图的可靠指标,胺碘酮可降低P波离散度,可 预防心房颤动发作。     

P波离散度对心房颤动的预测价值

心房颤动（atrial fibrillation，AF，房颤）是临床最常见有害的心律失常之一，大多数患者发生于器质性心脏病，少数可无心脏疾病。且其发生率随年龄和心血管疾病增高、呈明显进行性递增趋势。因此．深入了解房颤的发生与维持机制，充分认识房颤临床相关的各个环节，     

P波离散度及P波最大时限诊断阵发性心房颤动的价值

目的 观察阵发性心房颤动(paroxysmal atrial fibrillation,PAF)患者P波离散度(P-wave dispersion,Pd)、P波最大时限(maximum P-wave duration,Pmax)变化,探讨其在PAF诊断中的价值.方法 PAF患者120例为PAF组,同期120例体检者为对...     

阵发性心房颤动与P波离散度关系的探讨

目的探讨心电图最大 P波时限 (Pmax)、P波离散度 (Pd)预报阵发性心房颤动 (房颤 )的价值。方法采用 12导联同步心电图测定 62例阵发性房颤患者和 3 0例健康对照组的 Pmax、Pd值进行对比分析。结果阵发性房颤患者的 Pmax、Pd均明显大于对照组的Pmax、Pd(P<0 .0 1)。两组左心房内径 (LAD)分别为 (3 4.63± 5 .0 8) mm,(3 3 .47± 4.89) mm ,均无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。以 Pmax≥12 0 ms预报房颤发生的敏感性为 82 .3 % ,特异性 86.7% ,准确性 83 .7% ;Pd≥ 40 ms预报房颤的敏感性为 91.9% ,特异性 90 .0 % ,准确性 91.3 %。 Pmax≥ 12 0 ms与 Pd≥ 40 ms联合预报的敏感性为 79.0 % ,特异性 96.7% ,准确性 84.8%。结论 Pmax、Pd是预报阵发性房颤的较好指标     

P波离散度与原发性高血压病合并阵发性心房颤动关系的临床分析

目的:探讨P波离散度(Pd)与高血压病合并阵发性心房颤动(房颤)的临床关系。方法:测量57例高血压合并阵发性房颤患者(Ⅰ组)窦性心律时12导联心电图的P波离散度[Pd=最大P波时限(Pmax)-最小P波时限(Pmin)],超声心动图测定左心房内径(LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVD)和左心室射血分数(LVEF),并与单纯高血压组(Ⅱ组)55例比较。检测阵发性房颤的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值。结果:PmaxⅠ组显著高于Ⅱ组[(121.5±16.3)msvs(107.3±10.3)ms,P<0.05];PdⅠ组显著高于Ⅱ组(45.3±12.7)msvs(24.7±10.5)ms,P<0.05);两组间Pmin、LAD、LVEF差异无显著性。Pmax>100ms预测的敏感性为89.5/,特异性为80.0/;Pd≥40ms预测的敏感性为86.0/,特异性为75.9/;Pmax>100ms Pd≥40ms的敏感性为78.5/,特异性为88.9/。结论:P波离散度是高血压病患者合并阵发性房颤的敏感性和特异性较高的预测指标之一。     

P波离散度与阵发性心房颤动的关系

目的 探讨P波离散度与阵发性心房颤动(AF)的关系。方法 观察测量32例AF患者P波离散度，P波最大时限，并与30例正常人对比分析。结果 AF组的P波离散度，P波最大时限与对照组比较差异均有显著性意义（P＜0。01）。且AF组多数患者P波离散度≥40ms，P波最大时限≥110ms。结论 P波离散度及P波最大时限是预测AF体表心电图的一个可靠的指标。     

阵发性心房颤动与P波离散度的关系

目的 :探讨阵发性心房颤动 (房颤 )与P波离散度 (Pdisp)、P波最大时限 (Pmax)的关系。方法 :应用 12导联体表心电图测定 70例阵发性房颤患者和 6 0例年龄匹配的无房性心律失常者的Pmax和Pmax与最小P波时限(Pmin)之差 (即Pdisp)。结果 :阵发性房颤组的Pmax为 ( 12 3.9± 16 .6 )ms ,Pdisp为 ( 4 8.4± 14 .8)ms ;而对照组Pmax为( 110 .0± 13.9)ms ,Pdisp为 ( 2 7.7± 9.1)ms ,两者相比均P <0 .0 0 1。以Pdisp≥ 40ms为标准 ,预报房颤的敏感性80 0 % ,特异性 85 0 % ,准确性 82 3% ;以Pmax≥ 12 0ms为标准 ,预报房颤的敏感性 72 9% ,特异性 80 0 % ,准确性76 2 % ;而以Pdisp≥ 40ms和Pmax≥ 12 0ms联合作为标准 ,预报房颤的敏感性 70 0 % ,特异性 90 0 % ,准确性79 2 %。结论 :Pdisp和Pmax可作为预报阵发性房颤的新的心电图指标。     

关于急性心肌梗死并发阵发性心房颤动与P波离散度的关系

目的探讨急性心肌梗死并发阵发性心房颤动与P波最大时间（Pmax）、P波离散度（Pd）的关系。方法观察33例急性心肌梗死并发阵发性心房颤动患者和25例单纯急性心肌梗死患者的Pmax、Pd。结果两组Pmax（123．99±3．61ms、110．37±2．58ms）、Pd（45．82±2．93ms、29．13±3．57ms）差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．01）;Pmax≥120ms和Pd≥40ms预测心房颤动的敏感性分别为92％和96％,特异性分别为91％和95％。结论Pmax延长和Pd增加可预测急性心肌梗死并发心房颤动的危险眭。     

P wave dispersion on 12-lead electrocardiography in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

The prolongation of intraatrial and interatrial conduction time and the inhomogeneous propagation of sinus impulses have been shown in patients with atrial fibrillation. Recently P wave dispersion (PWD), which is believed to reflect inhomogeneous atrial conduction, has been proposed as being useful for the prediction of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Ninety consecutive patients (46 men, 44 women; aged 55 +/- 13 years) with a history of idiopathic PAF and 70 healthy subjects (42 men, 28 women; mean age 53 +/- 14 years) were studied. The P wave duration was calculated in all 12 leads of the surface ECG. The difference between the maximum and minimum P wave duration was calculated and this difference was defined as P wave dispersion (PWD = Pmax-Pmin). All patients and controls were also evaluated by echocardiography to measure the left atrial diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). There was no difference between patients and controls in gender (P = 0.26), age (P = 0.12), LVEF (66 +/- 4% vs 67 +/- 5%, P = 0.8) and left atrial diameter (36 +/- 4 mm vs 34 +/- 6 mm, P = 0.13). P maximum duration was found to be significantly higher in patients with a history of PAF (116 +/- 17 ms) than controls (101 +/- 11 ms, P < 0.001). P wave dispersion was also significantly higher in patients than in controls (44 +/- 15 ms vs 27 +/- 10 ms, P < 0.001). There was a weak correlation between age and P wave dispersion (r = 0.27, P < 0.001). A P maximum value of 106 ms separated patients with PAF from control subjects with a sensitivity of 83%, a specificity of 72%, and a positive predictive accuracy of 79%. A P wave dispersion value of 36 ms separated patients from control subjects with a sensitivity of 77%, a specificity of 82%, and a positive predictive accuracy of 85%. In conclusion, P maximum duration and P wave dispersion calculated on a standard surface ECG are simple ECG markers that could be used to identify the patients with idiopathic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.     

经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术对风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄伴阵发性房颤患者P波离散度的影响

目的　探讨经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术 (PBMV)对风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄伴阵发性房颤患者P波离散度的影响。方法　风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄患者 90例。依据患者是否伴阵发性房颤分为两组。不伴阵发性房颤 (A组 ) 6 0例 ,伴阵发性房颤 (B组 ) 30例 ,均接受PBMV术 ,分别测量两组患者术前及术后 3个月P波最大时限 (Pmax)和P波离散度 (Pd)。结果　术前B组患者Pmax及Pd显著高于A组 (P <0 .0 1) ,术后 3个月B组患者Pmax及Pd较术前显著减低 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　Pmax及Pd可预测风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄患者伴阵发性房颤的发生 ;PBMV术可改善心房电传导。降低风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄伴阵发性房颤患者的Pmax及Pd。     

最大P波时限及P波离散度对预测特发性房颤的价值

目的：探讨最大Ｐ波时限及Ｐ波离散度（最大、最小Ｐ波时限之差）对特发性房颤的预测价值。方法：对２０例有特发性房颤病史者及２０例年龄、性别匹配的健康者,行１２导联同步体表心电图记录,测定最大Ｐ波时限及Ｐ波离散度。结果：在特发性房颤组,最大Ｐ波时限及Ｐ波离散度均较对照组增大（Ｐ〈０．０１）,最大Ｐ波时限〉１１０ｍｓ、Ｐ波离散度〉４０ｍｓ以及两者相结合对特发性房颤预测的敏感性和特异性分别为９０％、８５％和７５％及８０％、８５％和９０％。结论：最大Ｐ波时限及Ｐ波离散度可用于预测特发性房颤。     

Increased variance of P wave duration on the electrocardiogram distinguishes patients with idiopathic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

We hypothesized that the variance of P wave duration (P variance) in the 12-lead ECG could reflect the spatial dispersion of P wave duration due to inhomogeneous and delayed propagation of sinus impulses in the atria, and moreover could present better reproducibility than maximum P wave duration and P wave dispersion that have already been used for the prediction of idiopathic paroxysmal AF. We also tested a semiautomated PC-based method to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of P wave measurements. A 12-lead ECG was obtained from 60 patients with idiopathic paroxysmal AF and from 50 healthy controls. All ECGs were analyzed manually using magnifying lens and calipers, while 20 randomly selected ones were scanned and analyzed on screen using common commercial software. P maximum, P dispersion, and P variance were all significantly higher in patients with paroxysmal AF than in controls. A P maximum value of 110 ms, a P dispersion value of 40 ms, and a P variance value of 120 ms2 separated patients from controls with a sensitivity of 88%, 83%, and 80%, respectively and a specificity of 75%, 85%, and 74%, respectively. The reproducibility of P variance was higher compared to P dispersion and P maximum. Finally, the PC-based method significantly increased accuracy and reproducibility of P wave measurements. Thus, the variance of P wave duration could be a useful ECG marker for the prediction of paroxysmal idiopathic AF and the use of PC-based methods may enhance the accurate measuring of P wave duration on the ECG.     

Sinus and paced P wave duration and dispersion as predictors of atrial fibrillation after pacemaker implantation in patients with isolated sick sinus syndrome

The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the sinus and the paced P wave duration and dispersion as predictors of AF after pacemaker implantation in patients with isolated sick sinus syndrome (SSS). The study included 109 (69 women, mean age 72 +/- 11 years) patients with SSS, 59 with bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome (BTS). A 12-lead ECG was recorded before pacemaker implantation and during high right atrial and septal right atrial pacing at 70 and 100 beats/min. The ECGs were scanned into a computer and analyzed on screen. The patients were treated with AAIR (n = 52) or DDDR pacing. The P wave duration was measured in each lead and mean P wave duration and P wave dispersion were calculated for each ECG. AF during follow-up was defined as: AF in an ECG at or between follow-up visits; an atrial high rate episode with a rate of > or =220 beats/min for > or =5 minutes, atrial sensing with a rate of > or =170 beats/min in > or =5% of total counted beats, mode-switching in >/=5% of total time recorded, or a mode switching episode of > or =5 minutes recorded by the pacemaker telemetry. The ECG parameters were correlated to AF during follow-up. Mean follow-up was 1.5 +/- 0.9 years. None of the ECG parameters differed between patients with AF and patients without AF during follow-up, nor was there any difference between groups after correction for BTS and age. BTS was the strongest predictor of AF during follow-up (P < 0.001). P wave duration and dispersion measured before and during pacemaker implantation were not predictive of AF after pacemaker implantation in patients with isolated SSS.     

老年原发性高血压患者并发阵发性心房颤动的预测研究

目的 探讨老年原发性高血压患者并发阵发性心房颤动的预测因子。方法 87例老年原发性高血压患者分为两组。A组：并发阵发性心房颤动（PAF）的老年原发性高血压患者41例，B组：无PAF的老年原发性高血压患者46例；全部病例均进行同步12导联心电图、彩色多普勒超声心动图检查覆24h动态血压监测。结果 A组P波离散度（Pd）、P波最大时限（Pmax）、左心宣心肌重量指数（LVMI）、24h平均收缩压（24hSBP）、夜间平均收缩压（nSBP）均显著大于B组（均为P〈0．05）。Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示Pd、LVMI、nSBP均为老年原发性高血压患者并发PAF的独立预测因子（P〈0．05）。结论 Pd、LVMI、nSBP可以作为老年原发性高血压患者并发PAF的独立预测因子。     

P wave separation after atrial compartment operation for atrial fibrillation

Surgically induced abnormalities in atrial conduction could result in unusual P wave changes. A 31-year-old woman underwent concomitant mitral valve surgery and atrial compartment operation for mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation (AF). After operation, the AF was successfully converted to sinus rhythm, whereas an unusual electrocardiogram (ECG) with a discrete negative deflection before the T wave in V1 was noted. Electrophysiological study showed a marked conduction delay from the high right atrium (HRA) to the right atrial appendage (RAA) compartment, which resulted in a separation of P waves. The P wave preceding the QRS complex represented the activation of sinus node and the left atrial compartments, and the P at the vicinity of T wave represented the activation of RAA compartment. The conduction from HRA to RAA was worsened on HRA pacing at a faster rate, and improved after isoproterenol infusion. This report demonstrated that conduction across a surgically created isthmus in the atrium could be severely impaired and result in unusual P wave separation.     

超声应变成像获得的左房机械离散度可作为新发房颤的预测指标

目的 应用超声应变成像定量评估左房机械离散度与新发房颤的关系,探讨其预测房颤在左房扩大及左房功能障碍之外的增量价值。 方法 选取2018~2021年有房颤风险的376例一般人群作为受试者行心电图检查,随访3年后选取有新发房颤的35例受试者作为研究组,在同一队列中选取与研究组相等例数且年龄性别相匹配的未出现房颤受试者作为对照组。应用超声应变成像测量两组的12节段左房应变值,获取并分析两组的左房容积指数(LAVI)、左房泵应变(LAPS)、左房储器应变(LARS)及左房机械离散度(SD-TPS)的差异性。SD-TPS定义为经R-R间期标化的左房各节段储器应变达峰时间标准差。校正患者基线资料、LAVI、LAPS、LARS,分析SD-TPS与新发房颤的独立相关性及其增量预测价值。 结果 两组LAVI的差异无统计学意义(32.5±9.2 mL/m² vs 29.5±8.3 mL/m²,P=0.16);研究组的LAPS[(16.6±4.3)% vs (20.6±4.3)%,P < 0.01]和LARS[(31.4±7.7)% vs(38.0±7.3)%,P < 0.01]低于对照组;研究组的SD-TPS高于对照组([6.3±2.3)% vs (3.9±1.6)%,P < 0.01]。调整了CHARGE-AF评分、LAVI和LARS后,SD-TPS仍与新发房颤独立相关(危险比1.26,95%CI=1.10-1.45,P < 0.01)。Cox比例风险回归模型中,SDTPS预测新发房颤可提供左房容积及左房应变之外的增量价值(P < 0.01)。 结论 从超声应变成像中获得的左房机械离散度可作为新发房颤风险分层的有效预测指标,在预测新发房颤方面可提供左房容积及左房功能障碍之外的增量价值。