人白血病细胞系在胸腺缺陷裸鼠体内致瘤机制研究

目的 探索高致瘤性HL60－n细胞系在胸腺缺陷裸鼠体内致瘤的机制。方法 通过极限稀释法建立HL60－n细胞系致瘤率不同的克隆株，并以HL－60为对照，对各克隆株进行裸鼠体内、外生物学特性的比较研究。结果 高致瘤性的HL60－n/A、HL60－n/B(6只小鼠全部致瘤），其软琼脂培养集落形成率，特别是大集落形成率，较对照HL－60细胞比较差异有显著性（P＜0．01），而低致瘤性的HL60－n/E、HL60－F克隆株（6只小鼠中少于或等于3只致瘤），其集落形成率与对照组比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）；超微结构观察提示高致瘤性克隆株，常染色质成分增多，异染色质少见，胞浆内微丝增多且排列紊乱；流式细胞仪细胞周期分布分析显示高致瘤性的克隆株S期细胞比例增加。裸鼠NK细胞对高致瘤性克隆株的杀伤活性显著高于对照的HL－60细胞（P＜0．01），而低致瘤性克隆株与对照组比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）；组织病理观察显示低致瘤性的克隆株及对照HL－60细胞，所成裸鼠肿瘤组织内有大量的炎性细胞浸润，大量肿瘤细胞被杀伤，血供丰富区尤甚，而高致瘤性克隆株所致肿瘤组织内炎性细胞浸润少见，肿瘤组织增殖旺盛。结论 HL60－n细胞系的裸鼠高致瘤机制与下列因素有关：①软琼脂集落形成率增高；②细胞增殖和DNA合成活跃；③对裸鼠NK杀伤的耐受性增强，宿主的免疫力受到抑制。     

假白血病淋巴瘤细胞系

白血病淋巴瘤细胞系是生物医学领域最重要的研究工具之一。然而，近年来的多项研究显示相当数量的人白血病淋巴瘤细胞系为假细胞系或身份不正确。假白血病淋巴瘤细胞系可分为三种类型。第一种是完全的假细胞系，交叉污染发生于细胞系的早期建系阶段，并迅速被具有增殖优势的其他细胞系取代。第二种是身份错误的假细胞系，交叉污染发生于建系后，而真正的原型细胞系可能存在。最后一种是非恶性细胞系。本文对近年来发现的各种假白血病淋巴瘤细胞系作一综述。     

假白血病淋巴瘤细胞系

白血病淋巴瘤细胞系是生物医学领域最重要的研究工具之一.然而,近年来的多项研究显示相当数量的人白血病淋巴瘤细胞系为假细胞系或身份不正确.假白血病淋巴瘤细胞系可分为三种类型.第一种是完全的假细胞系,交叉污染发生于细胞系的早期建系阶段,并迅速被具有增殖优势的其他细胞系取代.第二种是身份错误的假细胞系,交叉污染发生于建系后,而真正的原型细胞系可能存在.最后一种是非恶性细胞系.本文对近年来发现的各种假白血病淋巴瘤细胞系作一综述.     

一株新的红白血病细胞系(HIE1)的建立及其生物学特性

目的 建立一株具有原代细胞遗传学标志的白血病细胞系,并初步鉴定其生物学特性。方法液体培养法建立细胞系,用Ｒ显带和逆转录－聚合酶链反应方法检测其遗传学标志;瑞氏染色、超微结构及组织化学染色观察细胞形态;用单克隆抗体检测细胞表面抗原;氰化高铁法和血红蛋白电泳测定血红蛋白;用联苯胺细胞染色观察阿糖胞苷（Ａｒａ－Ｃ）诱导后的红系的分化;用细胞形态学和吞噬功能实验观察佛波酯（ＰＭＡ）诱导的单核－巨噬细胞的分     

急性白血病患者和白血病细胞系的bcl-2及bax基因表达

为了进一步研究ｂｃｌ2和ｂａｘ基因在急性白血病(ＡＬ)发病和治疗中的作用,我们检测了ＡＬ患者36例和白血病细胞系6株的ｂｃｌ2基因表达,现报告如下。对象和方法1　病例资料　ＡＬ36例均为我科住院患者。男26例,女10例,均符合ＦＡＢ诊断标准并经免疫分型确诊,除2例外,其余34例检测时骨髓或外周血中原始和幼稚细胞数均>06。急性髓系白血病(ＡＭＬ)23例,急性淋巴细胞白血病(ＡＬＬ)13例。初治22例,复发或难治14例。白血病细胞系ＨＬ60、Ｕ937、Ｒａｊｉ、ＫＧ1、ＣＥＭ和Ｋ562由军事医学科学院基础医学研究所提供。正常骨髓3份取自骨髓移植正…     

人髓系白血病细胞系的建立及其应用

各种重组生长因子的应用，使许多生长因子依赖性白血病细胞系得以建立，本文对白血病细胞系建立的方法及成系的标准进行了扼要介绍，汇列了近年建立的各种髓系白血病细胞系，并简介了这些细胞系在白血病胞透导分化，信息转导及白血病的发生等方面的应用。     

人急性单核细胞白血病细胞系SHI-1在裸鼠体内的高致瘤性及其机制的初步研究

本研究确定人急性单核细胞白血病细胞系SHI-1在裸鼠体内的高致瘤性,并对其成瘤机制进行初步探讨。将SHI-1细胞接种至裸鼠皮下,观察肿瘤生长情况;取肿瘤组织行病理检测、R显带核型分析;RT-PCR检测MLL-AF6融合基因和VEGF基因的转录;明胶酶谱法检测培养上清中基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）和MMP-2的表达;体外穿膜实验观察迁移能力。结果表明：注射SHI-1细胞的16只裸小鼠均于皮下出现肿块;瘤体由白血病细胞组成;注射的裸鼠中有MLL/AF6融合基因和VEGF基因的转录;在无血清培养上清中MMP-9和MMP-2的表达明显高于对照细胞;SHI-1细胞有较强的迁移能力,MMP-2的阻断抗体可显著抑制其体外迁移能力。结论：SHI-1在裸鼠体内有极高的成瘤率,其机制可能与p53基因的异常、高水平VEGF基因的转录、金属蛋白酶的高表达和较强的体内浸润能力有关。     

Lrp16基因在白血病细胞系及白血病患者骨髓中的表达及其临床意义

本研究分析lrp16基因在白血病细胞系及白血病患者骨髓中的表达,探讨lrp16基因与白血病发生、发展的关系。采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT—PCR）技术检测lrp16基因mRNA在4种白血病细胞系及115例白血病患者骨髓中的表达水平,并结合患者临床特征分析lrp16基因在白血病发生、发展中的作用。4种白血病细胞系包括慢性髓系白血病细胞系K562、急性早幼粒细胞白血病细胞系HL-60、急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞系MOLT4及具有单核细胞特征的白血病细胞系U937。结果表明：lrp16基因在K562、HL-60、MOLT4及U9374种细胞系中均表达。lrp16基因在急性髓系白血病患者表达阳性率为38％（16／42）,其中完全缓解者表达阳性率为13％（4／30）,未缓解者为100％（12／12）;在急性淋巴细胞白血病患者表达阳性率为38％（10／26）,其中完全缓解者阳性率为16％（3／18）,未缓解者为87％（7／8）;在慢性髓系白血病患者表达阳性率为36％（9／25）,其中完全缓解者阳性率为20％（4／20）,未缓解者为100％（5／5）;在慢性淋巴细胞白血病患者表达阳性率为31％（7／22）,其中完全缓解者阳性率为11％（2／17）,未缓解者为100％（5／5）。lrp16基因表达在各种白血病亚型之间无差异,但各亚型中完全缓解者与未缓解者之间存在显著差异（P〈0．001）。结论：lrp16基因是一个白血病癌基因,与白血病的发生、发展密切相关,有可能作为临床白血病治疗疗效的评价指标。     

多克隆细胞系的研究价值——J6-1人白血病细胞系30年研究评述

J6-1细胞系是我国建立的第一株人白血病细胞系,是EBV和HHV-6双重感染的多克隆细胞系。J6-1细胞系建系30年来,从J6-1细胞克隆了许多细胞因子、受体及其他基因,提供了许多有关白血病细胞性质和功能的信息,从而衍生出多项研究课题,而所有这些显示出多克隆细胞系特有的研究价值。本文就30年来J6-1人白血病细胞系的研究作一评述,包括J6-1细胞系的异质性和多克隆性,J6-1细胞群体的生存机制和J6-1细胞系的异常细胞间通讯及其意义,以及J6-1细胞系的启示。     

人髓性白血病细胞系U937定向克隆cDNA表达文库的构建及其意义

本研究的目的是构建髓性白血病U937细胞系表达型cDNA文库 ,为肿瘤抗原的筛选奠定工作基础。提取U937细胞总RNA ,分离mRNA ,反转录合成双链cDNA ,消平cDNA末端 ,连接EcoRⅠ适配子 ,磷酸化EcoRⅠ适配子 5′端 ;XhoⅠ酶切后 ,丙烯葡聚糖凝胶 S4 0 0柱除去小于 4 0 0bpcDNA片段 ,与λZAP表达载体连接 ,包装蛋白包装后建成cDNA文库 ;取出 1μl倍比稀释感染大肠杆菌XL1 Blue MRF′ ,测定文库大小、重组率 ;随机挑取 10个噬斑 ,在ExAssist辅助性噬菌体的作用下 ,释放出PBK CMV噬菌粒 ;感染大肠杆菌XLOLR ,铺于卡那霉素抗性的LB平板 ;挑取克隆 ,37℃震摇过夜 ;抽提质粒 ,经EcoRI和XhoI酶切后 ,初步确定片段的大小及多样性。结果 :构建成含 2 .87× 10 6重组子的U937细胞cDNA文库 ,重组子平均插入外源片段长约 1.7kb。结论 :所建文库合格 ,适合用于筛选目的cDNA克隆。     

细胞外调节蛋白激酶与端粒酶对肝癌和白血病细胞系凋亡的调控作用

为了观察化疗药物三尖杉酯碱（HRT），长春新碱（VCR）和依托泊苷（VP-16）抑制肝癌细胞系SMMC7721和白血病细胞系K562细胞增殖，促进细胞凋亡过程中端粒酶活性及细胞外调节蛋白激酶（ERK）磷酸化蛋白表达水平的变化。应用MTT，流式细胞术，端粒重复序列扩增法（TRAP），生物发光分析及Western印迹等方法进行了检测和分析，研究结果发现，一定浓度的化疗药物作用24小时后，可以抑制细胞增殖，诱导细胞凋亡；在同样作用条件下，端粒酶活性和磷酸化ERK1/2的表达也受到一定程度的抑制，其中以HRT的作用最明显，结论：HRT，VCR和VP-16可能是通过抑制Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK1/2信号传导通路，降低ERK活性，减少ERK1/2靶基因的转录活化，间接下调端粒酶活性这一共同的作用机制而发挥作用的；细胞凋亡是端粒持续缺失的结果。     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

目的 采用自体骨髓基质细胞与原代白血病细胞加rhIL-3后共培养的方法建立1株新的人急性髓系白血病(AML)细胞系SH-2,并对其生物学特征进行全面鉴定.方法 采集1例经联合化疗和异基因外周血干细胞移植末缓解的AML-M2a型患者骨髓,分离单个核细胞,加入含20%胎牛血清的IMDM培养基内置37℃、5%CO2、饱和湿度培养箱中传代培养,培养过程中保留自体骨髓基质细胞,同时加入细胞因子rhIL-3,长期体外培养成功建立伴有-Y,der(16)t(16;17)(q24;q12),-17,+19和p53突变的AML细胞系SH-2,并通过细胞学、遗传学、免疫学、分子学和小鼠致瘤实验等多种方法对SH-2细胞的生物学特征进行全面鉴定.结果 SH-2细胞已在体外持续生长3年余而不需加用生长因子和基质细胞.其EB病毒、支原体检测均为阴性.SH-2细胞具有和原代白血病细胞相同的髓系细胞形态学特点,伴有自然杀伤相关抗原表达的AML免疫表型(CD13+、CD33+、CD56+、CD16/56+)和45,X,-Y,der(16)t(16;17)(q24;q12),-17,+19的亚二倍体核型,后者逐渐被伴有上述染色体异常的近四倍体核犁所取代.荧光原位杂交(FISH)和多色FISH证实了以上异常,并揭示-17导敛1个p53基因丢失.DNA序列分析揭示另1个p53等位基因第5号外显子的576编码子点突变(CAC→CAT).RT-PCR显示除了表达于细胞因子(SCF)外,其余细胞因子均不表达;不表达多药耐药基因而表达凋亡相关基因,如bcl-2、Fas、GST-1T和p21.短串联重复序列PCR证明了SH-2细胞和患者门血病细胞的同源性.SH-2细胞有一定的集落形成能力并能在裸鼠皮下及SCID小鼠内脏成瘤.结论 SH-2是一株新的具有明晰生物学背景的AML细胞系,为白血病研究提供了又一有用工具.     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

Objective To establish and characterize a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) isolated from a AML-M2 patient, who failed to ob-tain complete remission after chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplantation were passed in a long term IMDM culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Stromal cells were retained and rh-IL-3was added in the culture system. A new human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2 was successfully established with a cytogeuetic characteristics of a loss of Y chromosome(- Y), a derivative chromosome 16 resulting from unbalanced translocation between chromosome 16 and 17, monosome 17, trisomy 19 and p53 alteration. Vari-ous methods were employed to characterize SH-2 cell line. Results SH-2 cells has been maintained without cytokine and stromal cells for more than 3 years without EB virus and mycoplasma contamination. SH-2 cells had the basically same morphological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features as the patient' s leukemia cells did, such as myeloid morphology, an immunophenotype of CD13+ , CD33+ , CD56+ , CD16/56+ and a hypodiploid karyotype of 45, X, - Y, der(16) t(16;17) (q24;q12) , - 17, + 19, which were gradually de-creased and replaced by the near-tetraploid cells with a karyotype of 73 - 102 (80), XX, - Y, - Y, del (lq31) ×2, der(16)t(16;17) (q24;q12) ×2, - 17, - 17, + 19, + 19. FISH and multiple FISH delineated all the abnormalities and revealed a loss of one p53 allele due to monosomy 17. DNA direct sequencing detec-ted a point mutation of CAG to CAT at codon 576 of exon 5 in another p53 allele. RT-PCR showed that SH-2 cells expressed apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2, Fas, GST- π and p21) rather than MDR-related genes. Short tandem repeat PCR provided powerful evidence for the derivation of SH-2 cell line from the patient' s leukemia cells. SH-2 cells had certain colony formation and tumorigenic capacities in nude and SCID mice. Conclu-sion SH-2 is a new myeloid leukemia cell line with a unique biology background, and will provide a useful tool for leukemia research.     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

Objective To establish and characterize a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) isolated from a AML-M2 patient, who failed to ob-tain complete remission after chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplantation were passed in a long term IMDM culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Stromal cells were retained and rh-IL-3was added in the culture system. A new human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2 was successfully established with a cytogeuetic characteristics of a loss of Y chromosome(- Y), a derivative chromosome 16 resulting from unbalanced translocation between chromosome 16 and 17, monosome 17, trisomy 19 and p53 alteration. Vari-ous methods were employed to characterize SH-2 cell line. Results SH-2 cells has been maintained without cytokine and stromal cells for more than 3 years without EB virus and mycoplasma contamination. SH-2 cells had the basically same morphological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features as the patient' s leukemia cells did, such as myeloid morphology, an immunophenotype of CD13+ , CD33+ , CD56+ , CD16/56+ and a hypodiploid karyotype of 45, X, - Y, der(16) t(16;17) (q24;q12) , - 17, + 19, which were gradually de-creased and replaced by the near-tetraploid cells with a karyotype of 73 - 102 (80), XX, - Y, - Y, del (lq31) ×2, der(16)t(16;17) (q24;q12) ×2, - 17, - 17, + 19, + 19. FISH and multiple FISH delineated all the abnormalities and revealed a loss of one p53 allele due to monosomy 17. DNA direct sequencing detec-ted a point mutation of CAG to CAT at codon 576 of exon 5 in another p53 allele. RT-PCR showed that SH-2 cells expressed apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2, Fas, GST- π and p21) rather than MDR-related genes. Short tandem repeat PCR provided powerful evidence for the derivation of SH-2 cell line from the patient' s leukemia cells. SH-2 cells had certain colony formation and tumorigenic capacities in nude and SCID mice. Conclu-sion SH-2 is a new myeloid leukemia cell line with a unique biology background, and will provide a useful tool for leukemia research.     

裸小鼠高成瘤性人白血病细胞系的建立及其生物学特性观察

为研究人白血病细胞在胸腺缺陷裸小鼠的成瘤性，采用体内和体外传代相结合的方法建立了裸小鼠高成瘤性的ＨＬ６０－ｎ和Ｋ５６２－ｎ细胞系。ＨＬ６０－ｎ和Ｋ５６２－ｎ细胞接种裸小鼠的肿瘤发生数均为８／８，较ＨＬ６０和Ｋ５６２细胞明显增高。实验还证明ＨＬ６０－ｎ和Ｋ５６２－ｎ细胞在软琼脂培养的集落形成率及大集落（＞２００个细胞）的比例均较ＨＬ６０和Ｋ５６２细胞显著增高，提示白血病细胞在裸小鼠体内的成瘤性增强与体外培养的集落形成能力增高有关。     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

Objective To establish and characterize a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) isolated from a AML-M2 patient, who failed to ob-tain complete remission after chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplantation were passed in a long term IMDM culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Stromal cells were retained and rh-IL-3was added in the culture system. A new human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2 was successfully established with a cytogeuetic characteristics of a loss of Y chromosome(- Y), a derivative chromosome 16 resulting from unbalanced translocation between chromosome 16 and 17, monosome 17, trisomy 19 and p53 alteration. Vari-ous methods were employed to characterize SH-2 cell line. Results SH-2 cells has been maintained without cytokine and stromal cells for more than 3 years without EB virus and mycoplasma contamination. SH-2 cells had the basically same morphological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features as the patient' s leukemia cells did, such as myeloid morphology, an immunophenotype of CD13+ , CD33+ , CD56+ , CD16/56+ and a hypodiploid karyotype of 45, X, - Y, der(16) t(16;17) (q24;q12) , - 17, + 19, which were gradually de-creased and replaced by the near-tetraploid cells with a karyotype of 73 - 102 (80), XX, - Y, - Y, del (lq31) ×2, der(16)t(16;17) (q24;q12) ×2, - 17, - 17, + 19, + 19. FISH and multiple FISH delineated all the abnormalities and revealed a loss of one p53 allele due to monosomy 17. DNA direct sequencing detec-ted a point mutation of CAG to CAT at codon 576 of exon 5 in another p53 allele. RT-PCR showed that SH-2 cells expressed apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2, Fas, GST- π and p21) rather than MDR-related genes. Short tandem repeat PCR provided powerful evidence for the derivation of SH-2 cell line from the patient' s leukemia cells. SH-2 cells had certain colony formation and tumorigenic capacities in nude and SCID mice. Conclu-sion SH-2 is a new myeloid leukemia cell line with a unique biology background, and will provide a useful tool for leukemia research.     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

Objective To establish and characterize a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) isolated from a AML-M2 patient, who failed to ob-tain complete remission after chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplantation were passed in a long term IMDM culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Stromal cells were retained and rh-IL-3was added in the culture system. A new human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2 was successfully established with a cytogeuetic characteristics of a loss of Y chromosome(- Y), a derivative chromosome 16 resulting from unbalanced translocation between chromosome 16 and 17, monosome 17, trisomy 19 and p53 alteration. Vari-ous methods were employed to characterize SH-2 cell line. Results SH-2 cells has been maintained without cytokine and stromal cells for more than 3 years without EB virus and mycoplasma contamination. SH-2 cells had the basically same morphological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features as the patient' s leukemia cells did, such as myeloid morphology, an immunophenotype of CD13+ , CD33+ , CD56+ , CD16/56+ and a hypodiploid karyotype of 45, X, - Y, der(16) t(16;17) (q24;q12) , - 17, + 19, which were gradually de-creased and replaced by the near-tetraploid cells with a karyotype of 73 - 102 (80), XX, - Y, - Y, del (lq31) ×2, der(16)t(16;17) (q24;q12) ×2, - 17, - 17, + 19, + 19. FISH and multiple FISH delineated all the abnormalities and revealed a loss of one p53 allele due to monosomy 17. DNA direct sequencing detec-ted a point mutation of CAG to CAT at codon 576 of exon 5 in another p53 allele. RT-PCR showed that SH-2 cells expressed apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2, Fas, GST- π and p21) rather than MDR-related genes. Short tandem repeat PCR provided powerful evidence for the derivation of SH-2 cell line from the patient' s leukemia cells. SH-2 cells had certain colony formation and tumorigenic capacities in nude and SCID mice. Conclu-sion SH-2 is a new myeloid leukemia cell line with a unique biology background, and will provide a useful tool for leukemia research.     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

Objective To establish and characterize a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) isolated from a AML-M2 patient, who failed to ob-tain complete remission after chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplantation were passed in a long term IMDM culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Stromal cells were retained and rh-IL-3was added in the culture system. A new human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2 was successfully established with a cytogeuetic characteristics of a loss of Y chromosome(- Y), a derivative chromosome 16 resulting from unbalanced translocation between chromosome 16 and 17, monosome 17, trisomy 19 and p53 alteration. Vari-ous methods were employed to characterize SH-2 cell line. Results SH-2 cells has been maintained without cytokine and stromal cells for more than 3 years without EB virus and mycoplasma contamination. SH-2 cells had the basically same morphological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features as the patient' s leukemia cells did, such as myeloid morphology, an immunophenotype of CD13+ , CD33+ , CD56+ , CD16/56+ and a hypodiploid karyotype of 45, X, - Y, der(16) t(16;17) (q24;q12) , - 17, + 19, which were gradually de-creased and replaced by the near-tetraploid cells with a karyotype of 73 - 102 (80), XX, - Y, - Y, del (lq31) ×2, der(16)t(16;17) (q24;q12) ×2, - 17, - 17, + 19, + 19. FISH and multiple FISH delineated all the abnormalities and revealed a loss of one p53 allele due to monosomy 17. DNA direct sequencing detec-ted a point mutation of CAG to CAT at codon 576 of exon 5 in another p53 allele. RT-PCR showed that SH-2 cells expressed apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2, Fas, GST- π and p21) rather than MDR-related genes. Short tandem repeat PCR provided powerful evidence for the derivation of SH-2 cell line from the patient' s leukemia cells. SH-2 cells had certain colony formation and tumorigenic capacities in nude and SCID mice. Conclu-sion SH-2 is a new myeloid leukemia cell line with a unique biology background, and will provide a useful tool for leukemia research.