Krukenberg tumors of the ovary. Ultrastructural, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of 15 cases

The ultrastructural, histochemical, and immunohistochemical characteristics of 12 classical signet ring cell Krukenberg tumors (CKT) and three tubular Krukenberg tumors (TKT) were evaluated and related to their possible influence on the ovarian stroma. In CKT, single signet ring cells predominated over lumen-forming cells and contained ultrastructural and histochemical characteristics similar to goblet cells in colonic and ovarian mucinous adenocarcinomas. In TKT, lumen-forming nonsecretory and secretory signet ring cells were prominent. Rare argentaffin cells were found in TKT but not in CKT. Cells in both CKT and TKT produced neutral and sialomucins. The stroma contained extracellular mucin, hypertrophied stromal fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and in two cases stromal lutein cells with steroidogenic type ultrastructure. It appears that Krukenberg tumors are made up exclusively of intestinal type cells. Based on cell differentiation, TKT is better differentiated than CKT. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of ovarian stromal cells may occur in response to malignant growth and/or the extracellular mucinous products of malignant cells and may play a role in the control of tumor invasiveness. None of the 15 cases were immunohistochemically positive for chorionic gonadotropin, placental lactogen, or luteinizing hormone. These hormones are suspected to be related to stromal luteinization in KT.     

Adenocarcinoid tumor of appendix presenting as unilateral Krukenberg tumor

We report a case of adenocarcinoid tumor of the appendix that presented initially as a unilateral Krukenberg tumor (a signet ring cell mucinous adenocarcinoma with prominent cellular stroma). The primary tumor in the appendix was discovered 10 months later at the time of a "second look" laparotomy. The ovarian metastasis showed both goblet cell elements and tubular formations with numerous argyrophilic cells, indicating that both components of these tumors may metastasize, a finding at variance with the conclusions of some authors who suggest that only the mucinous component may metastasize. Theories of histogenesis of these tumors are discussed, and 12 previously reported cases presenting as Krukenberg tumors (all bilateral) are reviewed. Because the primary tumor in the appendix may be small and easily missed, appendectomy is recommended in all patients with Krukenberg tumors when another primary site cannot be identified at the time of surgery.     

Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 27 cases

A series of 27 typical Krukenberg tumors of the ovary were analyzed. By definition, all examples were characterized by the presence of mucinous signet-ring carcinoma cells within a cellular, nonneoplastic ovarian stroma. The patients' ages ranged from 20-70 years; almost one-half were 40 years of age or younger. A primary carcinoma of the stomach (16 cases) or colon (four cases) was found in 20 (90.9%) of 22 patients with available follow-up data. The primary gastrointestinal carcinomas had been diagnosed before emergence of the ovarian tumors in only five cases. The ovarian and gastrointestinal tumors were synchronously diagnosed in ten cases, while in five instances the primary carcinomas were not discovered until after the ovarian tumors had been treated. An acceptable primary extraovarian cancer was not detected in two women. Both had bilateral Krukenberg tumors and died with widespread carcinomatosis less than two years postoperatively. Typically, the ovarian tumors were bilateral, asymmetrically large and solid. Important histologic features included a greater abundance of intracellular neutral glycoproteins than acidic mucins, a storiform pattern of hyperplastic cortical stromal cells (44.4%) and carcinomatous emboli (51.6%). While the entity of "primary" Krukenberg tumor cannot be unequivocally denied, all women with typical Krukenberg tumors should be considered as having metastatic carcinoma, usually from the stomach, until proven otherwise.     

Mucinous tumors of the ovary. A clinicopathologic study of 70 cases

Seventy cases of mucinous ovarian tumor were reviewed. All patients were followed for a minimum of 5 years. Clinicopathologically, three groups were defined: (1) mucinous cystadenoma, which demonstrated no nuclear stratification and no stromal invasion (15 cases); (2) mucinous tumor of uncertain malignant potential, which was characterized by nuclear stratification of two to three layers and no stromal invasion (21 cases); and (3) mucinous carcinoma, which showed stromal invasion and/or nuclear stratification in excess of three layers (34 cases; 15 with invasion, 19 without). All patients with mucinous cystadenomas remained tumor-free after initial surgery. Two patients with mucinous tumors of uncertain malignant potential died of tumor at 55 and 72 months, respectively, whereas 18 with mucinous carcinomas died after intervals ranging from 2 to 71 months. All mucinous tumors of uncertain malignant potential were Stage I at presentation. Twenty-one mucinous carcinomas were Stage I (six tumor deaths), one was Stage II (tumor death), ten were Stage III (nine tumor deaths), one was Stage IV (tumor death), and one was of uncertain stage (tumor death). Patients with mucinous carcinomas having stromal invasion demonstrated poorer survival (10 of 15 dead) than those with mucinous carcinomas lacking this finding (8 of 19 dead); however, stromal invasion was related to higher stage (5 with invasion Stage I; 16 without invasion Stage I).     

融合基因阳性肺腺癌的病理组织学特征及与砂粒体的相关性研究

背景与目的：间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)、c-ros原癌基因1酪氨酸激酶(c-ros oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase,ROS1)和RET融合基因被陆续证实为肺腺癌的驱动基因突变,并可在靶向治疗中获益。该研究旨在阐述融合基因阳性肺腺癌病理组织学特征,并探讨砂粒体与融合基因阳性肺腺癌的相关性。方法：收集复旦大学附属肿瘤医院原发肺腺癌患者手术切除新鲜标本和石蜡固定标本,检测肺腺癌标本中表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)、鼠类肉瘤病毒癌基因(Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene,K-ras)、ALK、RET和ROS1基因突变状态。选取融合基因阳性肺腺癌病例44例(9例ROS1阳性,20例K-ras阳性,15例RET阳性)和融合基因阴性肺腺癌111例(20例EGFR突变,20例K-ras突变,71例未检测出基因突变)用于本项研究。根据2015年世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)肺腺癌新分类评估融合基因组与无融合基因组的病理组织学形态特征,并观察肺腺癌组织中砂粒体的数量及其分布的特征,并探讨砂粒体与融合基因阳性肺腺癌的相关性。结果：融合基因组中主要组织学亚型为腺泡状亚型(19/44,43.2%)和实体亚型(13/44,29.5%),无融合基因组主要组织学亚型为腺泡状亚型(50/111,45.0%)。实体亚型更多见于融合基因组,但两组间主要组织学亚型差异无统计学意义(P=0.060)。含印戒细胞成分、微乳头结构、黏液筛状结构及细胞外黏液分泌在融合基因组中阳性率均显著高于无融合基因组(P=0.000,P=0.044,P=0.000,P=0.010)。砂粒体在融合基因组阳性率显著高于无融合基因组(P=0.000),并且砂粒体与微乳头及黏液筛状结构具有显著相关性(P=0.000)。结论：实体亚型及腺泡状亚型常见于融合基因阳性肺腺癌。砂粒体、微乳头、细胞外黏液分泌、黏液筛状结构及含印戒细胞成分等特征性组织学形态与融合基因阳性肺腺癌密切相关,并且砂粒体与微乳头结构和(或)黏液筛状结构往往同时存在。通过对肺腺癌的特征性形态学观察对肺腺癌基因检测的优先性筛选具有指导意义。     

Induction of matric metalloprotease-7 is common in mucinous ovarian tumors including early stage disease

Matrix metalloproteases are known to play an important role in tumor invasion by mediating degradation of the extracellular matrix. In this study, we have investigated the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloprotease-7 (MMP-7) in 44 mucinous ovarian tumors (9 adenomas, 13 low malignant potential tumors, 22 adenocarcinomas) and 6 normal ovaries. Positive staining of MMP-7 is observed in all mucinous ovarian tumors, whereas little or no staining was observed in surface epithelium as well as the epithelial cells of germinal inclusion cyst of the normal ovary. Positive immunostaining of MMP-7 is also observed in the secreted mucin in the tumor glands, which suggests the secretion of the MMP-7 protein from tumor cells. mRNA expression of MMP-7 was confirmed using RT-PCR. The MMP-7 gene was amplified in parallel with an internal control gene β-tubulin using a thermal cycler. mRNA expression levels of MMP-7 were significantly elevated in mucinous tumor samples compared with that in normal ovaries. Our results suggest that MMP-7 is frequently overexpressed in mucinous ovarian tumors and secreted with the mucin which is produced from the tumor cells. MMP-7 may therefore contribute to mucinous ovarian tumor development or enhanced growth capacity of mucinous ovarian tumors. MMP-7 may also serve as a target for therapeutic intervention in the down regulation of tumor progression.     

CD10在卵巢黏液性肿瘤间质细胞中的表达与肿瘤进展的关系

目的 观察CD10在卵巢黏液性囊腺瘤(Mucinous adenoma,MA)、黏液性交界性肿瘤(Mucinous borderline tumor,MB)和黏液性腺癌(Mucinous adenocarcinoma,MC)间质细胞中的表达,探讨CD10在卵巢黏液性肿瘤(Ovarian mucinous tumor,OMT)恶性进展中的作用及意义。方法 选用明确诊断的OMT标本156例,其中包括42例MA、72例MB和42例MC,同时选取20例正常卵巢组织标本。应用免疫组织化学方法对其进行CD10抗体标记并分析其表达情况。结果 CD10在20例正常卵巢组织中呈阴性表达;CD10在42例MA中,28例阴性,14例阳性;72例MB中,18例阴性,54例阳性;42例MC间质中,全部呈阳性。CD10在MA-MB-MC间质细胞中阳性表达率逐渐升高(33.3%、75%、100%,P＜0.0001)。结论 CD10在卵巢黏液性肿瘤间质的高表达与肿瘤进展密切相关。     

Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of α-SMA,Collagen, and PCNA in Epithelial Ovarian Neoplasm

Background: Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is an isoform of actin, positive in myofibroblasts and is an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker. EMT is a process by which tumor cells develop to be more hostile and able to metastasize. Progression of tumor cells is always followed by cell composition and extracellular matrix component alteration. Increased α-SMA expression and collagen alteration may predict the progressivity of ovarian neoplasms. Objective: The aim of this research was to analyse the characteristic of α-SMA and collagen in tumor cells and stroma of ovarian neoplasms. In this study, PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) expression was also investigated. Methods: Thirty samples were collected including serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell subtypes. The expression of α-SMA and PCNA were calculated in cells and stroma of ovarian tumors. Collagen was detected using Sirius Red staining and presented as area fraction. Results: The overexpressions of α-SMA in tumor cells were only detected in serous and clear cell ovarian carcinoma. The histoscore of α-SMA was higher in malignant than in benign or borderline ovarian epithelial neoplasms (105.3±129.9 vs. 17.3±17.1, P=0.011; mean±SD). Oppositely, stromal α-SMA and collagen area fractions were higher in benign than in malignant tumors (27.2±6.6 vs 20.5±8.4, P=0.028; 31.0±5.6 vs. 23.7±6.4, P=0.04). The percentages of epithelial and stromal PCNA expressions were not significantly different between benign and malignant tumors. Conclusion: Tumor cells of serous and clear cell ovarian carcinoma exhibit mesenchymal characteristic as shown by α-SMA positive expression. This expression might indicate that these subtypes were more aggressive. This research showed that collagen and α-SMA area fractions in stroma were higher in benign than in malignant neoplasms.     

Signet ring carcinoma of the female breast: a clinicopathologic analysis of 24 cases

Signet ring carcinomas of the breast have been separated recently as an aggressive subtype of breast cancer, distinct from mucinous (colloid) carcinomas. Twenty-four cases of signet ring breast cancer (2% of total breast cancers at the authors' institution) were analyzed. The authors' study indicates that histogenetically such lesions are derived from lobular, not ductal, cells since mucin patterns and ultrastructural features are shared. In addition, in each of our 24 cases, infiltrating lobular carcinoma was identified; in 11 of these (46%) lobular carcinoma in-situ (LCIS) was also noted. Signet ring carcinomas show an unusual metastatic pattern with a propensity to involve serosal surfaces and mimicking gastrointestinal disease or retroperitoneal fibrosis. These tumors are associated with a poor prognosis, with 60% of our 24 patients dead of disease at 7 years. The distinctive clinical and pathologic features of signet ring carcinoma warrant separation of this group of tumors from other forms of breast cancer.     

Nodular lymphoma with intracellular immunoglobulin.

A case of malignant lymphoma with vacuolated cells is presented and, as with two other recent reports, is of the nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic type. This form of malignant lymphoma presumably is composed of neoplastic B lymphocytes, which produce intracellular immunoglobulins or fractions thereof, corresponding to various cellular vacuoles and inclusions. The vacuolated appearance of the neoplastic cells simulates mucinous or "signet ring" adenocarcinoma, which may be excluded by clinical, routine microscopic, histochemical, immunologic, and electron microscopic observations.     

18F-FDG PET-CT在卵巢正常大小癌综合征诊断中的应用

  目的  卵巢正常大小癌综合征（NOCS）指的是盆腹腔广泛癌变,而卵巢正常大小的一种现象,通常是原发病变不明确,而常规影像学很难有阳性发现,本研究旨在探讨18F-FDG PET-CT在检出NOCS原发病变方面的作用。   方法  17例临床诊断NOCS女性患者均进行18F-FDG PET-CT的常规扫描及延迟显像;图像由两名核医学医生独立分析,其按诊断标准进行判断,1）卵巢以两次显像SUV≥3.0为诊断恶性病变的标准,其他脏器以发现局灶性代谢增高为诊断标准,浆膜代谢增高考虑为转移受累;2）以卵巢发现肉眼可见的代谢增高,胃肠道（尤其是胃壁）异常的局灶性增厚及肉眼可见的局灶性的代谢增高进行诊断;结果与剖腹探查病理结果或治疗随诊结果对照,判断18F-FDG PET-CT查找NOCS原发病灶的准确性。   结果  17例NOCS患者中,按标准其一诊断,18F-FDG PET-CT发现13例原发病变,9例卵巢癌,2例胃癌（均伴有双侧卵巢转移即krukenberg瘤）,1例乙状结肠癌,1例腹膜血管肉瘤;漏诊1例胃癌及3例卵巢原发病变。因此PET-CT查找NOCS原发病变的检出率为76.5%,阳性预测值为100%。按照标准其二诊断,可另发现1例卵巢代谢略增高,SUVmax=2.5的病理最后诊断为卵巢癌,漏诊1例胃癌可见胃壁局限性轻度增厚、僵硬,按照标准2病变的检出率能提高至88.2%;11例卵巢原发病变的患者中7例检查前行肿瘤标志物检查,发现CA125均有不同程度的增高,胃肠道患者CEA及CA199有不同程度增高。   结论  对于NOCS的患者18F-FDG PET-CT能有效的查找原发病灶,减少剖腹探查的患者数量;在NOCS患者中原发卵巢癌是主要组成部分;NOCS患者多有不同程度的肿瘤标志物的升高,18F-FDG PET-CT和肿瘤标志物可更好的查找NOCS的原发病灶。胃癌尤其是黏液成分较高的胃癌易于腹腔转移并侵犯卵巢形成kruken? berg瘤,PET-CT则可以同时发现胃和卵巢的病变;原发于卵巢及胃壁的NOCS的原发病变不能以SUV值进行诊断,肉眼发现卵巢可见的代谢增高,胃壁发现僵硬及增厚,结合临床指标即应该考虑恶性病变的存在。      

Primary malignant neoplasms of the appendix: a population-based study from the surveillance,epidemiology and end-results program, 1973-1998

BACKGROUND: Cancer of the appendix is an uncommon disease that is rarely suspected rarely before surgery. Although several case series of these tumors have been published, little research has been anchored in population-based data on cancer of the appendix. METHODS: This analysis included all actively followed cases of appendiceal neoplasms reported to the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End-Results (SEER) program between 1973 and 1998. Tumors were classified as "colonic type" adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, goblet cell carcinoid, and "malignant carcinoid" (SEER only collects data on carcinoids specifically classified as malignant). We compared incidence, overall survival and survival rates by extent of disease at diagnosis. RESULTS: Between 1973 and 1998, 2117 appendiceal malignancies were reported to the SEER program, of which 1645 cases were included in the analysis. Age-adjusted incidence of cancer of the appendix was 0.12 cases per 1,000,000 people per year. Demographic characteristics of patients with goblet cell carcinoid tumors were midway between those of patients with malignant carcinoid and all types of adenocarcinomas. After controlling for age and extent of disease at diagnosis, the overall survival rate for patients diagnosed between 1983 and 1997 (n = 1061) was significantly worse for those with signet ring cell carcinoma than for those with any other tumor type (P < 0.01). In addition, overall survival rates were better for patients with malignant carcinoid (P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: Demographic characteristics of patients with cancer of the appendix vary by histology. Except for signet ring cell carcinoma and malignant carcinoid, the extent of disease at time of diagnosis is a more important predictor of survival than histology.     

A long surviving case of Pseudomeigs' syndrome caused by Krukenberg tumor of the stomach

Meigs syndrome is defined as the triad of benign ovarian tumor with ascites and pleural effusion that resolve after resection of the tumor. Pseudomeigs' syndrome is a serious disease characterized by malignant ovarian tumor, but ascites and hydrothorax usually reveal no malignant cells. Here, we report a 47-year-old pre-menapausal female patient with cardia cancer. Nearly 14 months after D3 dissection, she developed Krukenberg tumors on both ovaries causing a Pseudomeigs' syndrome with benign ascites and right hydrothorax, which resolved dramatically after resection of the tumors and rectouterine pouch peritonectomy. She survived nearly 3 years after metastasectomy with a total survival of 46 months. The patient died because of massive liver metastases. The present case suggests that Pseudomeigs' syndrome should be considered in patients with Krukenberg tumors, ascites and hydrothorax and that resection of the tumors may bring long-term palliation.     

端粒酶反转录酶与CA125在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的原位表达及临床意义

目的:探讨端粒酶反转录酶(TRT)与CA125在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的原位表达及临床意义。方法:收集93例卵巢上皮性肿瘤(良性47例、交界性15例、恶性31例),应用免疫组织化学S蛳P法检测肿瘤组织中TRT及CA125的原位表达,将结果进行统计学分析。结果:TRT的表达在良性(17.02%,8/47)和交界性(46.67%,7/15)以及恶性(90.32%,28/31)间的差异均有显著性意义(P<0.01);CA125的表达在良性(23.40%,11/47)和恶性(67.74%,21/31)间的差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),TRT的表达在浆液性肿瘤与黏液性肿瘤之间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);CA125在各组浆液性肿瘤均明显高于黏液性肿瘤组,相比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);TRT和CA125在浆液性肿瘤的表达有一致性,相关性分析有显著性相关(P<0.01),在黏液性肿瘤中表达不相关(P>0.05)。结论:TRT和CA125的表达与卵巢上皮组织肿瘤的良恶性有关,尤其在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中TRT酶的活性与CA125呈正相关,二者的共同检测对诊断卵巢上皮组织肿瘤的类型和恶性程度有重要的临床意义。     

Signet-ring stromal tumor of ovary. Histochemical, light, and electron microscopic study.

A peculiar primary ovarian neoplasm occurring in a 28-year-old woman is presented. The tumor cells showed extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation, resulting in a "signet-ring" appearance similar to what was described in Krukenberg tumors. The tumor was studied histochemically, as well as by light and electron microscopy. The cells appeared to be uniform. A moderately electron-dense flocculent material was present in the cytoplasmic vacuoles. similar material was seen in the intercellular matrix with some fibrillary structures suggesting a protein structure. This, coupled with the lack of any basement membrane material around the tumor cells, indicates a mesenchymal tumor that is probably derived from the multipotent ovarian stromal cell. The features that help to differentiate this tumor from other ovarian tumors with clear or vacuolated cells are discussed. Because of its gross and microscopic appearance, the tumor is expected to behave in a benign fashion.     

Expression of heparanase, Mdm2, and erbB2 in ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of gynecological malignancies. Yet early diagnosis and prognosis are far from being satisfactory. Degradation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans by heparanase appears to play an important role in the invasiveness of tumor cells through the basement membrane and into the extracellular matrix. Recent cloning of the heparanase gene and generation of monoclonal antibodies against the enzyme permit to examine tumor cell expression of the enzyme. The aim of the present study was to assess heparanase activity and localization in various subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer in correlation with oncogene expression. Histologically confirmed malignant ovarian tissue from ten women and tissue from 2 benign ovarian tumors and 4 normal ovaries were assessed for heparanase presence, activity and localization, incidence of apoptosis and expression of the oncogenes erbB2 and Mdm2. Heparanase immunohistostaining and activity were present in mucinous carcinomas and were more intense than in endometrioid and in serous carcinomas. The lowest activity was observed in benign ovarian tumors and normal ovaries. In ovarian carcinomas the enzyme was intensely concentrated in the cytoplasm of the cancerous cells. In contrast, in normal ovaries and benign tumors the enzyme was predominantly localized in endothelial cells lining blood capillaries. The rate of apoptosis was considerably higher in mucinous and endometrioid carcinomas, and was lower in serous and primary peritoneal carcinomas. Extremely high concentration of heparanase was often demonstrated in apoptotic cells. Endometrioid and serous carcinomas showed high expression of Mdm2 and erbB2 while mucinous carcinomas showed low expression. In benign ovarian tumors and normal ovaries the expression of both oncoproteins was extremely low. In conclusion ovarian carcinomas demonstrate higher levels of heparanase than benign tumors and normal ovaries suggesting that the enzyme may play an important role in metastatic spread of the cancerous cells. Apoptosis may be a significant part of the mechanism of the enzyme release into the extracellular space. Although heparanase activity seems to play an essential role in tumor progression, expression of oncogenes, such as erbB2 and Mdm2 seems to play the dominant role in the development of ovarian cancer.     

卵巢硬化性间质瘤10例临床病理分析

目的 探讨卵巢硬化性间质瘤（sclerosing  stromal  tumor of ovary,SST ）的临床病理学特点、诊断、鉴别诊断及预后。方法 回顾性分析10例卵巢硬化性间质瘤的临床表现,观察其组织病理学及免疫表型特征,收集随访资料并复习有关文献。结果 10例SST患者平均年龄48.7岁,主要临床表现为下腹胀痛、月经缩短、绝经后阴道出血、尿频。肿瘤均为单侧发病,表面光滑,带包膜,切面囊实性,灰黄灰白相间。低倍镜下可见典型假小叶结构。免疫表型：肿瘤细胞表达SMA、Vimentin、α-inhibin。结论 卵巢硬化性间质瘤较少见,影像学检查无明显特异性,主要依靠常规病理学诊断,应注意与恶性卵巢肿瘤鉴别。治疗推荐手术切除,效果较好。     

OTUB1在90例卵巢黏液性肿瘤中的表达分析

背景与目的：卵巢黏液性肿瘤是卵巢上皮性肿瘤的主要亚型之一,其恶变机制目前尚未明确。泛素化是人体主要的翻译后修饰机制,并与肿瘤密切相关。去泛素化酶可通过逆转泛素化过程从而影响肿瘤的发生、发展。该研究旨在分析编码人体最主要的去泛素化酶的癌基因泛素醛结合物1(OTU deubiquitinase,ubiquitin aldehyde binding 1,OTUB1)在卵巢黏液性肿瘤中的蛋白表达及临床应用。方法：收集2010-2015年复旦大学附属妇产科医院病理科诊断的卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤、卵巢交界性黏液性肿瘤及卵巢原发性黏液性癌病例共90例,收集临床病理资料,完成OTUB1的免疫组织化学法表达实验并作统计分析。结果：90例卵巢黏液性肿瘤中,卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤有14例,卵巢交界性黏液性肿瘤有17例,卵巢原发性黏液性癌有59例。OTUB1在卵巢原发性黏液性癌的蛋白表达率及阳性程度显著高于卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤(P<0.01);OTUB1在卵巢交界性黏液性肿瘤中上皮内癌的阳性率显著高于肠型交界性黏液性肿瘤(P<0.01);随着FIGO分期增高,OTUB1的阳性率及阳性程度增加(P<0.05);OTUB1在输卵管有累及的患者中表达率及阳性程度均高于未累及者(P<0.05);OTUB1在子宫和大网膜累及的患者中阳性率及阳性程度均高于未累及者(P<0.05);OTUB1在有淋巴结转移的患者中表达率及阳性程度均高于无转移者(P<0.05)。结论：OTUB1在卵巢原发性黏液性癌中的蛋白表达水平明显高于卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤,并且和FIGO分期及肿瘤侵袭转移性高度相关。在临床病理中可将OTUB1作为卵巢黏液性肿瘤恶变与否的评价指标及肿瘤进展的辅助判别指标。     

库肯勃瘤中CD44v6﹑VEGF﹑MMP-2﹑MMP-9的表达及相关性研究

目的:探讨CD44v6、VEGF、MMP-2、MMP-9在库肯勃瘤及卵巢原发上皮癌中的表达及相关性。方法:应用免疫组化SP法检测CD44v6、VEGF、MMP-2、MMP-9在20例正常卵巢组织、38例库肯勃瘤、45例卵巢原发上皮癌中的表达情况。结果:CD44v6、VEGF在卵巢原发上皮癌和库肯勃瘤组织中的表达显著高于正常卵巢组织(P<0.05);MMP-2﹑MMP-9在正常卵巢组织中表达缺如;CD44v6、VEGF、MMP-2、MMP-9在库肯勃中阳性表达率明显高于卵巢原发上皮癌(P<0.05)。CD44v6、VEGF、MMP-2、MMP-9在卵巢原发上皮性癌、库肯勃瘤中,任意两指标阳性表达均有正相关性(P<0.05)。结论:CD44v6、VEGF、MMP-2、MMP-9均参与卵巢癌、胃癌、库肯勃瘤的发生、发展及演进过程,并可为卵巢上皮癌、胃癌及库肯勃瘤的鉴别诊断提供一定依据。     

胃粘液癌的肿瘤增殖与DH7识别抗原的表达

应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法，分析单克隆抗体ＤＨ７识别抗原在１９例胃粘液癌中的表达。结果显示有腺样结构的粘液腺癌阳性率为１００％（９／９），无腺样结构的粘液细胞癌（即印戒细胞癌）阳性率仅为２０％（２／１０），其中２例阳性均属粘液细胞癌的前期——单核细胞样癌细胞形式，而另８例所见的后期印戒样癌细胞均为阴性。提示，粘液癌的肿瘤增殖发生于腺样结构的癌组织和单核细胞样癌组织中，而非发生于散在的印戒样癌细胞中，后者乃是肿瘤增殖后期的终末期癌细胞形式，从而验证了粘液细胞癌从前期单核样癌细胞到后期印戒样癌细胞的这一形态演化过程。