扩大髓芯减压带血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗成人股骨头缺血坏死

目的评价扩大髓芯减压、并带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植骨治疗成人股骨头缺血坏死的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析29例成人股骨头缺血坏死患者行扩大髓芯减压、并带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植骨治疗前后的影像学表现、功能评分。结果所有患者的疼痛症状都得到一定程度的缓解,Harris评分都有显著提高,术后优良率达93%。结论扩大髓芯减压、并带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣植骨术是治疗2、3期成人股骨头缺血坏死的有效方法。     

髓芯减压植骨术与带肌蒂骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死的效果比较

目的探讨股骨头髓芯减压植骨术与开窗减压带蒂骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死的临床疗效比较。方法本院自2004-02—2012-02诊治的非创伤性成人早期股骨头缺血坏死58例(64髋),其中28例(32髋)采用髓芯减压植骨术治疗(A组),30例(32髋)采用开窗减压加带蒂缝匠肌骨瓣移植术治疗(B组)。记录2种手术方法的患者术前、术后一般状况、X线平片、Harris评分。结果本组获随访1~36个月,平均20个月。开窗减压带肌蒂骨瓣移植术术后复发率及远期髋关节活动情况较单纯髓芯减压植骨术效果好。结论开窗减压带蒂骨瓣移植术的临床疗效在股骨头坏死的早中期优于单纯髓芯减压植骨术。     

自体松质骨及带血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨头坏死的疗效观察

目的 观察自体松质骨及带血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨头坏死的疗效.方法 对56例(58髋)股骨头坏死采用自体松质骨及带血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗.结果 经1～6年随访,所有患者均获骨性愈合.术后疗效优28例,良26例,差2例,优良率96.4％.结论 自体松质骨及带血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗青壮年股骨头坏死,能有效改善股骨头血运...     

髓芯减压联合自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗股骨头坏死的早期临床观察

目的 观察髓芯减压植骨联合自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗早期股骨头坏死的临床疗效.方法 根据国际骨循环研究学会(Association Research Circulation Osseous,ARCO)骨坏死分期标准,选取Ⅰ、Ⅱ期股骨头坏死32例(39髋),治疗组18例(24髋),对照组14例(15髋).治疗组经过自体骨髓干细胞采集、分离、髓芯减压后,骨髓干细胞和松质骨混合植入;对照组行髓芯减压松质骨植入.结果 所有患者均获18个月的随访,行Harris评分和影像学检查.(1)髋关节Harris评分:治疗组由(55.90±9.71)分升至(81.86±7.95)分,优良率为87.5%;而对照组由(56.69±8.32)分升至(68.14±8.65)分,优良率为60.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(2)髋关节影像学检查:治疗组仅1例(1髋)发展为Ⅲ期塌陷,而对照组2例(2髋)发展为Ⅲ期塌陷;MRI测得坏死面积百分比,治疗组由31.88%±7.59%降至13.20%±9.56%,而对照组由32.64%±6.32%降至21.18%±8.83%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 髓芯减压植骨联合自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗早期股骨头坏死是一种安全、有效的方法,但还需要大样本临床试验及长期随访以进一步验证.     

手术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死210例临床分析

目的 探讨如何根据不同年龄和分期为股骨头缺血性坏死患者选择最合适的外科治疗方法.方法 股骨头缺血性坏死患者共210例(252髋).根据不同手术方法分为三组:带血管蒂骨膜瓣移位组,带血管蒂骨瓣移位组及髋关节置换组.采用Stulberg分类标准、Harris 评分标准、VAS评分法进行评价.结果 210例(252髋)得到随访,术后随访1～10 年,平均6.3年.三组优良率分别为87.2%、88.7%、85.7%;带血管蒂骨瓣移位组和髋关节置换组,术后Harris 评分明显提高(P<0.05)、VAS显著降低(P<0.05).结论 带旋股内侧动脉深支大转子骨膜瓣移位术为主的综合术式较适用于儿童股骨头缺血性坏死患者;带旋股内侧动脉深支大转子骨瓣或带旋股外侧动脉升支髂骨瓣移位术较适用于中青年FicatⅡ～Ⅲ期股骨头缺血性坏死患者;髋关节置换术适用于中青年晚期、老年以及其他方法失败的股骨头缺血性坏死患者.     

带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣和BMP人工骨移植治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

目的探讨带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣和骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic prote in,BMP)人工骨移植治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的方法及临床疗效。方法2000年1月~2006年8月采用带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣联合BMP人工骨移植治疗股骨头缺血性坏死25例(29髋),左髋18例,右髋11例。按F icat分期:Ⅰ期8例(10髋),Ⅱ期14例(16髋),Ⅲ期3例(3髋)。结果术后平均随访37.6(24~60)个月。移植骨瓣与股骨颈均愈合,平均愈合时间3.6(3~8)个月。按Harris评分,优15例16髋,良7例10髋,可3例3髋,优良率89.7%。结论带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣和BMP人工骨移植能有效重建股骨头的血运、清除死骨、降低髓腔压力、支撑股骨头关节软骨面和BMP能诱导成骨的特点,能有效治疗股骨头缺血性坏死。     

关节镜下微创综合治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的通过与单纯闭合髓芯减压术比较,探讨关节镜下髓芯减压结合自体松质骨复合BMP植骨治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法回顾分析2007年1月-2010年3月收治的28例33髋早期股骨头缺血性坏死患者临床资料,其中采用关节镜下髓芯减压结合自体松质骨复合BMP植骨治疗18例21髋(试验组);单纯闭合髓芯减压术治疗10例12髋(对照组)。两组患者性别、年龄、病程、病因及骨坏死分期等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。结果术后两组切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染等并发症发生。两组患者均获随访,随访时间1～3年,平均2.5年。术后患者疼痛均明显缓解,髋关节功能改善。末次随访时,试验组Harris评分为(85.67±4.78)分,对照组为(81.33±7.03)分,差异有统计学意义(t=—2.10,P=0.04)。试验组FicatⅡ期1髋,对照组FicatⅠ期2髋、Ⅱ期2髋发生股骨头塌陷,行人工髋关节置换术;两组手术总有效率分别为95.24%及66.67%,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.85,P=0.03)。结论与单纯闭合髓芯减压术比较,关节镜下髓芯减压结合自体松质骨复合BMP植骨治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死具有定位准确、清除坏死骨彻底,能有效缓解疼痛,改善关节功能,延缓股骨头坏死进程的优点。     

带血管蒂髂骨瓣转移术治疗成人股骨头无菌性坏死

目的观察带旋股外侧动脉升支血管蒂髂骨瓣转移加游离植骨术治疗成人中晚期股骨头无菌坏死的疗效。方法采用带旋股外侧动脉升支血管蒂髂骨瓣转移加游离植骨术治疗中、晚期股骨头无菌坏死32例38髋。术中在膝关节镜下彻底清除坏死骨．切取带血管蒂骨瓣及用游离植骨将坏死腔填满充实。结果32例38髋随访24～72个月。按成人股骨头无菌性坏死的疗效百分评价法，优良率达94.7％(36／38)。结论应用带旋股外侧动脉升支血管蒂髂骨瓣转移加游离植骨术治疗成人股骨头无菌性坏死具有以下优点：①青壮年患者避免行人工髋关节置换术后假体下沉、关节附近骨破坏等并发症；②彻底清除坏死骨及减压；③重建股骨头血运，形成自体骨的股骨头有利于股骨头的修复与重建。该术式适用于50岁以下股骨头坏死FicatⅡ、Ⅲ期患者，Ⅱ期病例远期效果更佳。     

早期股骨头缺血性坏死的微创治疗

目的 应用髓芯减压自体骨髓细胞结合重组合异种骨移植的方法治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死,探索早期股骨头缺血性坏死的微创治疗方法.方法 自2000～2002年采用上述术式治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死患者48例（64侧）,年龄19～56岁,平均37岁;ARCO分期为Ⅰc期8侧,Ⅱa期23侧,Ⅱb期19侧,Ⅱc期14侧,全部病例均行髓芯减压自体骨髓细胞结合重组合异种骨移植术.术后随访2～4年,根据手术前后Harris评分变化,X线影像学表现及是否需要进一步治疗进行随访观察.结果 术后患者Harris评分平均提高16分（平均术前79分,术后95分）,影像学表现49侧保持稳定,2例（3侧）分别于术后9～20个月改行人工全髋关节置换术或带血管蒂骨瓣股骨头修复术而治愈.结论 髓芯减压自体骨髓细胞结合重组合异种骨移植治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死,手术操作简单、减少了供区的并发症、术后恢复快,是一种值得提倡的微创手术方法.     

带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗成人股骨头缺血性坏死

带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗成人股骨头缺血性坏死徐恩常李铭李平波我院自１９８６年至１９９２年采用带同侧旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣移植治疗成人股骨头缺血性坏死１２０例１４０髋，获得较满意效果，报道如下。临床资料本组１２０例１４０髋，男７６例９２髋，女４４例４８...     

Repair of Bone Defects by Bone Inductive Material

Experimental fibular defects in 16 rats were filled with an acid decalcified homogenous bone matrix (bone inductive material). Autogenous bone grafts in corresponding defects in the other legs of the same rats served as controls. After 3 months, 11 of the 16 defects filled with bone inductive material healed with bony union, but only 4 of the 16 defects treated with autogenous bone grafts had healed. The results suggest that bone inductive material can repair bone defects which are too large to be healed by autogenous bone grafts.     

The Penetration of Lincomycin into Normal Human Bone: Determinations of Penetration into Compact Bone, Spongy Bone and Bone Marrow

The penetration of lincomycin into normal bone was studied in 10 patients with fracture of the neck of the femur, a separate determination being made of the lincomycin concentration in serum, bone marrow, spongy bone and compact bone. The concentration of lincomycin in bone marrow was found to be at the same level as that in the serum. The concentration in spongy bone amounted in most cases to 50 to 75 per cent of the concentration in the serum, whereas the concentration in compact bone varied from 0 to 15 per cent of that in the serum.     

Osteogenesis after Bone and Bone Marrow Transplantation: II. The Initial Cellular Events Following Transplantation of Decalcified Allografis of Cancellous Bone

An experimental study was done in rabbits to investigate the fate of allogeneic iliac cancellous bone, both non-decalcified and decalcified with hydrochloric acid, transplanted to a muscular site for up to 14 days. Some of the treated allografts were impregnated with autologous bone marrow cells, obtained from the femoral medulla by aspiration, and each was compared with allografts alone. Combined myelo-osseous grafts produced bone after 7 to 8 days implantation, as did marrow autografts alone. In addition non-decalcified implants stimulated the production of multinucleated giant cells. Three different types of wash solution were used but these did not influence the cell population seen, nor the new bone formation. It is concluded that the critical events in bone formation after transplantation occur less than 8 days after the transplantation and that marrow cells have osteogenic capacity. This has relevance to the clinical aspects of bone grafting.     

组织工程骨修复骨缺损的研究进展

复习相关文献,综合性报道种子细胞、生物材料及组织工程骨替代被修复重建组织的研究,指出目前存在的问题和今后研究的方向。     

The Bone Inductive Capacity of Decalcified Bone Matrix Modified by Diphenylhydantoin

Decalcified bone matrix was prepared from cortical bones of rats premedicated with I) Diphenylhydantoin (DPH), II) DPH + Vitamin D₃, III) Vitamin D₃ or IV) no premedication for 10 days.

In the donor animals, DPH lowered the serum calcium level, caused a weight loss of 10 per cent, and stopped the growth of the long bones. Vitamin D₃ supplementation normalized the serum calcium concentration but had no effect on the other parameters. Vitamin D₃ alone caused hypertrophy of the growth cartilage, while the bone growth and structure was normal.

The bone inductive capacity of decalcified bone matrix was highest in the DPH group, and the DPH + D₃ group also showed significantly higher values than the D₃, and control groups.

The results of the present study show that the bone inductive capacity of the decalcified bone matrix is independent of Vitamin D₃ metabolism.     

长管骨骨不连植骨方式的研究

目的：研究和探讨最佳植骨方式，提高骨不连愈合时间和质量。方法：将60例长管骨骨折骨不连患者分为3组，骨折端固定后分别采取髂骨夹板武植骨＋内固定、髂骨条状或粒状植骨、重组合异种骨植入，观察3种植骨方式对骨折端再生骨的生长速度及质量的影响。结果：所有病例13～18个月愈合，采取髂骨夹板式植骨＋内固定组明显优于髂骨条状或粒状植骨组及重组合异种骨植入组（P〈0.01）。结论：髂骨夹板武植骨＋内固定是一种有效、安全可靠、经济的植骨方式。     

Cem-OsteticTM人工骨浆修复掌骨缺损

目的C em-O steticTM人工骨浆为多种无机钙盐与纯净水混合物,观察C em-O steticTM人工骨浆修复掌骨缺损的临床疗效及不良反应。方法2004年1月至2004年4月对6例6处掌骨缺损进行修复,年龄20~32岁,平均26岁。骨缺损范围为0.2 cm×1 cm~0.5 cm×1 cm,均为陈旧性。缺损的部位为掌骨干中1/3,修整骨断端,断端露出正常骨质,骨缺损部位植入C em-O steticTM人工骨浆。结果手术均获成功,术后随访5~8个月,平均6个月。全部患者未见任何不良全身反应及局部反应,X线片显示固化后的C em-O steticTM人工骨浆与受区骨直接愈合,手术后测定血钙、磷值与术前对比无明显升高。结论C em-O steticTM人工骨浆适用于掌骨缺损修复。     

异种脱蛋白皮质骨管复合组织工程骨修复大段骨缺损的实验研究

目的评估异种脱蛋白皮质骨管复合组织工程骨修复大段骨缺损的力学作用及成骨效果。方法 36只成年猪,随机分成3组,实验组植入异种脱蛋白皮质骨管复合骨基质明胶、骨形态发生蛋白及骨膜细胞,对照组植入异种脱蛋白骨皮质骨管复合自体髂骨微粒,空白对照组植入单纯异种脱蛋白骨管,三组均采用锁定钢板及异种皮质骨板固定。通过X线检查、病理组织学、生物力学及灰量测定检查观察骨缺损修复情况。结果术后24周,实验组及对照组骨缺损处新生骨生长良好,骨小梁排列整齐,空白对照组骨缺损新生骨较少,且与断端部分相连。植入后24周实验组与对照组的生物力学及骨矿含量相比无统计学差异,且均明显高于空白对照组。结论异种脱蛋白皮质骨管复合骨基质明胶、骨形态发生蛋白及骨膜细胞修复大段骨缺损具有良好的应力支撑作用,其成骨效果与自体松质骨相当。     

骨形态发生蛋白复合同种松质骨载体修复节段性骨缺损的实验研究

目的　本实验将探讨同种松质骨作为 BMP的载体修复节段性骨缺损。方法　将 rh BMP- 2复合同种松质骨载体 (其中含 rh BMP- 2 0 .4 mg)植入兔桡骨 15 m m人工缺损处 ,以新鲜自体松质骨植入 ,单纯同种松质骨植入作为对照 ,通过放射学骨缺损修复 L ane评分 ,Nilsson骨愈合组织学评分 ,扫描电镜观察 ,比较术后 4、8、12周各组修复骨缺损的效果。结果　 rh BMP- 2复合同种骨载体组术后 4、8、12周各项评分与同期自体骨组之间无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,明显优于单纯同种骨组 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 rh BMP- 2具有高效的骨诱导能力。同种骨是一种较理想的 BMP载体 ,rh BMP- 2复合同种松质骨载体的骨修复效果与自体骨基本一致     

Penetration of Acrylic Bone Cements into Cancellous Bone

The depth of penetration of five commercial acrylic bone cements into cancellous bone was measured in vitro. Under standard, idealized conditions, cement penetration was found to vary significantly with different cements. Penetration was critically influenced by the coarseness of the cancellous bone and increased directly with the effective volume of the “cells” within the osseous matrix. An inverse correlation was determined between the mean cement viscosity during flow into the bone and final penetration depth. The dough time, set time and working time of each acrylic formulation was found to have no significant effect upon the depth of cement penetration.

It is suggested that in addition to the techniques adopted for introduction of cement to the bone, the selection of the bone cement itself may critically influence the incidence of late loosening following total joint replacement.